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1.
2.
Some RNAs, including both single- and double-stranded RNAs, when incubated with chick embryo cell culture induce cellular resistance against viruses. Evidence was now obtained indicating that the induction of cellular resistance by RNA depends on the cellular metabolic activity, especially on the synthesis of cellular RNA and protein. Thus, inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis, actinomycin D and cycloheximide, were found to inhibit the development of an antiviral state when added before, or during the relatively early period of, incubation of the cells with RNA. In the course of induction of cellular resistance, three stages may be distinguished, the priming stage, the developing stage, and the established resistant stage. 相似文献
3.
Organic Acid Metabolism in Aluminum-Phosphate Utilizing Cells of Carrot (Daucus carota L.) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Carbohydrate metabolism in Al-phosphate utilizing cells of carrot[designated as IPG, Koyama et al. (1992) Plant Cell Physiol.33: 171], which grow normally in Al-phosphate medium accompaniedby citrate excretion, was investigated. The excretion of citratewas strongly related to the availability of sucrose in medium,indicating that citrate excretion was severely limited by sucrosein medium. The ratio of the amount of carbon in the excretedcitrate to the consumed sucrose, was significantly higher inIPG cells than in wild-type cells. When 50% of the sucrose inthe medium was consumed, the ratio was 0.6% for the IPG cellsand 0.2% the wild-type cells. Under these conditions, IPG cellsshowed altered citrate synthesis metabolism, which resultedin increased citrate production. Specific activity of mitochondrialcitrate synthase was higher in IPG cells than in wild-type cells,whereas the activity of cytosolic NADP-specific isocitrate dehydrogenasewas lower in IPG cells than in wild-type cells. (Received August 27, 1998; Accepted February 21, 1999) 相似文献
4.
K Miyazaki F Umenishi K Funahashi N Koshikawa H Yasumitsu M Umeda 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1992,185(3):852-859
Progelatinase A was purified as a complex with TIMP-2 from the conditioned medium of a human glioblastoma cell line. The TIMP-2/progelatinase complex was resistant to the activation by p-aminophenylmercuric acetic acid (APMA), and showed less than 10% of the activity of the TIMP-2-free active enzyme. When the complex was incubated with stromelysin in the presence of APMA, the 64-kDa progelatinase was effectively converted to the 57-kDa mature enzyme, increasing its gelatinolytic activity about 8-fold. These results suggest that stromelysin is a natural activator of TIMP-2-bound progelatinase A. 相似文献
5.
6.
In order to elucidate the evolution of C4 syndrome, the taxonomic relationships, leaf anatomy, and ecological and global distribution of C3 and C4 species in the genusRhynchospora were investigated. The anatomical observation for 181 species revealed that 26 C4 species occurred within theCapitatae group of the subgenusHaplostyleae, a natural group showing highly advanced morphological characteristics, together with several C3 species. In spite of there being rather few C4 species, they possessed two kinds of Kranz anatomical structure differing from each other in the location of Kranz cells. Some C3 species ofCapitatae showed radial arrangement in mesophyll cells surrounding vascular bundles, which is distinguished from typical non-Kranz anatomy. The C4 species extended their ecological ranges from wet habitats to dry savanna grasslands, while the C3 species showed the best development in wet habitats. The C3 species were widespread from tropical to temperate regions with partial range extension into subarctic regions of both hemispheres, showing conspicuously high concentration of species in the New World, but being absent from arid climatic regions. The C4 species were distributed mostly in tropics and subtropics, showing two separate distributional centers in South and Central America and in Tropical Asia and Australia. The range of C4 species was nearly completely included in the C3 range. In conclusion, it seems that inRhynchospora the C4 syndrome evolved relatively recently, and arose in at least two separate phylogenetic trends in the tropics and the subtropics, more probably in the Neotropics. 相似文献
7.
Aminergic and peptidergic amplification of intracellular cyclic AMP levels in a molluscan neural network 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT), dopamine (DA), and small cardioactive peptide B (SCPB) can activate adenylate cyclase and increase the intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels in the Limax procerebrum (PC), with differing time courses and to differing extents. 5-HT and SCPB are potent stimulators of adenylate cyclase, and when both were applied simultaneously, an additive effect was observed. 2. In contrast, DA shows a great variability in the time course of cAMP synthesis and is a weak stimulator. Ergonovine, a DA antagonist, failed to inhibit cyclase activation, indicating that ergonovine-sensitive receptors are absent or ergonovine-sensitive DA receptors are not coupled to adenylate cyclase. 3. 5-HT and SCPB cause a rapid synthesis of cAMP, reaching the maximum 20- to 30-fold increase within a minute. DA's effect is slow in onset and very prolonged, reaching a maximum of only a two- to three-fold increase in the cAMP level. Reasons for variability in DA action are discussed. 相似文献
8.
Heinz W. Kunz Andrea L. Cortese Hassett Tetsuo Inomata D. N. Misra Thomas J. Gill III 《Immunogenetics》1989,30(3):181-187
A new antigenic system in the rat homologous to theQa/TL antigen system in the mouse has been characterized. It was detected by antibodies raised in donor-recipient combinations
that were matched for theRT1. A, B, D, E loci in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC): (R11×BN)F1 anti-BN.1L(LEW), (R18×BN)F1 anti-BN.1L, and BN.1LV1(F344) anti-BN.1L. Absorption analyses using these antisera and a variety of inbred, congenic and
recombinant strains identified three alleles,RT1.G
a
,G
b
,G
c
, of whichG
c
is a null allele. The strain distribution of these alleles was determined, using 37 strains of rats representative of all
of the prototypic haplotypes and a number of congenic and recombinant strains. The use of the congenic and recombinant strains
showed that theRT1.G locus was linked to the MHC and that the most probable gene order wasA-E-G. Testcross analysis showed that the map distance betweenA andG was 1.4 cM(4/285 recombinants). The RT1.G antigen has a heavy chain ofM
r 46 000 and is present on both T and B cells. 相似文献
9.
Increased expression in vivo and in vitro of foreign genes directed by A-type inclusion body hybrid promoters in recombinant vaccinia viruses. 下载免费PDF全文
S Funahashi S Itamura H Iinuma K Nerome M Sugimoto H Shida 《Journal of virology》1991,65(10):5584-5588
We constructed A-type inclusion body (ATI) hybrid promoters, that is, late ATI promoters followed by tandemly repeated early regions of the promoter for the 7.5-kDa protein (the 7.5-kDa promoter). The repetition of the whole early promoter sequence of the 7.5-kDa gene, including the upstream consensus sequence and initiation region, efficiently increased the early expression of the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene in recombinant vaccinia virus. Recombinant vaccinia virus could express influenza virus hemagglutinin via the hybrid promoter more efficiently, induced higher levels of neutralizing antibody and cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and consequently protected mice more efficiently against challenge with influenza virus than did recombinant vaccinia virus containing the widely used 7.5-kDa promoter. 相似文献
10.
Tetsuo Kadota 《Cell and tissue research》1991,266(1):107-116
Summary Immunohistochemical techniques were used to study the distribution of serotonin in the central nervous system of the hagfish,Eptatretus burgeri, in order to produce a detailed map of serotonin-containing structures. In the hypothalamus, many serotonin-containing neurons contacted the cerebrospinal fluid. Most of the serotonin-containing cell bodies were located in the raphe region, where they were compactly distributed at the level of the nucleus motorius tegmenti pars anterior but more diffusely distributed at the level of the nucleus motorius tegmenti pars posterior. Serotonin-containing cell bodies and varicose fibers were widely distributed throughout the brain and upper spinal cord segments, but the distribution density was not even. On the basis of its abundance, serotonin can be judged to have an important function in the control of the hagfish central nervous system. From a phylogenetic point of view, serotonin-containing neurons in the raphe region appear to be a common property of all classes of vertebrates studied except the lampreys, whereas serotonin-containing cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons may be considered to be a primitive condition in all nonmammalian vertebrates. 相似文献