Unterbuchungen über den Sitz des Géhörsinnes bei der Elritze

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

The removability of pesticides during the production of dialysis water (2)

In many cases it can be demonstrated that the amount of plant protectives and plant treatments (pesticides) in drinking-water exceeds the permitted levels of the drinking-water decree which will be effective on October 1st, 1989. These components are in parts toxicologically important. Therefore, an examination was made on how far pesticides are removed during the conventional purification of dialysis water, but especially during the reverse osmosis. Retention rates of a reverse osmosis plant for 14 different pesticides were discovered which were used in different concentrations and compositions. In part 2 of this contribution the results of the investigation are presented. The figures demonstrate that almost all of the examined components were retained with an effectiveness of 92-98%. The elimination efficiency did not depend on the basic concentration of the pesticides. After an initial phase of 50 h duration, the permeat concentration reached a constant value which did not alter even after more than 700 h.     

Pressure-Induced Alterations in the Protein Pattern of the Thermophilic Archaebacterium Methanococcus thermolithotrophicus

Elevated hydrostatic pressure has been shown to affect the growth rate of the thermophilic methanobacterium Methanococcus thermolithotrophicus without extending its temperature range of viability. Analysis of the cell inventory after ≈ 10 h of incubation at 65°C and 50 MPa (applying high-pressure liquid chromatography and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis) proved that pressure induces alterations in the protein pattern and the amino acid composition of the total cell hydrolysate. Gels showed that after pressurization a series of (basic) proteins with a molecular mass in the range of 38 and 70 kilodaltons occurs which is not detectable in cells grown at normal atmospheric pressure. The question of whether the observed alterations are caused by the perturbation of the balance of protein synthesis and turnover or by the pressure-induced synthesis of compounds analogous to heat shock proteins remains unanswered.     

Thermotoga maritima sp. nov. represents a new genus of unique extremely thermophilic eubacteria growing up to 90°C

A novel type of bacterium has been isolated from various geothermally heated locales on the sea floor. The organisms are strictly anaerobic, rod-shaped, fermentative, extremely thermophilic and grow between 55 and 90°C with an optimum of around 80°C. Cells show a unique sheath-like structure and monotrichous flagellation. By 16S rRNA sequencing they clearly belong to the eubacteria, although no close relationship to any known group could be detected. The majority of their lipids appear to be unique in structure among the eubacteria. Isolate MSB8 is described as Thermotoga maritima, representing the new genus Thermotoga.Dedicated to Otto Kandler on the occasion of his 65th birthday Present addresses: University of South Dakota, Vermillion, USA; University of Illinois, Urbana, USA; Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien, Austria     

Pyrococcus furiosus sp. nov. represents a novel genus of marine heterotrophic archaebacteria growing optimally at 100°C

Ten strains representing a novel genus of marine thermophilic archaebacteria growing at between 70 and 103°C with an optimal growth temperature of 100°C and a doubling time of only 37 min were isolated from geothermally heated marine sediments at the beach of Porto di Levante, Vulcano, Italy. The organisms are spherical-shaped, 0.8 to 2.5 m in width and exhibit monopolar polytrichous flagellation. They are strictly anaerobic heterotrophs, growing on starch, maltose, peptone and complex organic substrates. Only CO₂ and H₂ could be detected as metabolic products, the latter being inhibitory to growth at high concentrations. Hydrogen inhibition can be prevented by the addition of S^o, whereupon H₂S is formed in addition, most likely as the result of a detoxification reaction. The GC-content of the DNA of isolate Vc 1 is 38 mol%. The new genus is named Pyrococcus, the fireball. Type species and strain is Pyrococcus furiosus Vc 1 (DSM 3638).     

Evidence for a plasmid in a methanogenic bacterium.

Among 15 strains of methanogens, one plasmid, pMP1, was identified in the new coccoid isolate PL-12/M. It could not be detected in the cleared lysate, but it was detected in the viscous pellet. The plasmid had a molecular weight of ca. 4.6 x 10(6). A restriction enzyme cleavage map of the cloned plasmid was derived.     

Structural homology between different archaebacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerases analyzed by immunological comparison of their components

The archaebacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerases have a complex structure containing eight or more components. Immunochemical analysis shows an extensive homology between the components of the enzymes of nine different species. Two enzyme subtypes can be distinguished: that of the thermoacidophilic and/or sulfur-metabolizing archaebacteria with the composition BACDEFGHIJ and that of the methanogenic plus halophilic archaebacteria with the composition ABB'C(D).... Components B and B' of the latter subtype probably evolved by the division of the large component B of the BACD... type enzyme. The existence of the two subtypes corroborates the division of the archaebacteria into two phylogenetic main branches.     

广州地区中华按蚊生理年龄的组成

中华按蚊是我国平原地区的传疟媒介,研究中华按蚊的生态学,对于疟疾的流行病学及预防均具有重要的意义。生理年龄及生殖营养环的研究,不但可以进一步认识中华按蚊在自然界的一些生态学问题,更重要的是有助于分析其传疟的作用,作为防制的依据。     

A cryptic miniplasmid from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga sp. strain RQ7.

An 846-bp cryptic plasmid has been discovered in the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga sp. strain RQ7. This is the first plasmid described for an organism from this ancient bacterial lineage and the smallest plasmid described to date for any organism. Nucleotide sequencing revealed a single open reading frame possibly encoding a 25,460-Da basic protein (212 amino acids). Upstream of the putative promoter lie five 11-bp direct repeats, each separated by 1 to 4 bp, while between the promoter and the open reading frame lies an 11-bp palindromic sequence. Its mode of replication is unknown, but its sequence bears similarities to those of plasmids which replicate by a rolling-circle mechanism.