Effect of brain antibodies on the lipid peroxidation process in the brain

The authors studies the effects of blood serum and IgG fraction from dogs immunized with brain and blood sera from patients with multiple sclerosis and schizophrenia on lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenates. Measured the content of diene conjugates (DC) and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) in the rat brain after administering the IgG fraction. It was established that antioxidant activity of blood sera and IgG fraction from control animals and donors was significantly higher as compared to experimental. Administration of the IgG fraction brought about an increase in the content of DC and MDA in the brain of experimental animals. It is concluded that complement-dependent brain antibodies present in the blood serum of patients with schizophrenia and multiple sclerosis potentiate lipid peroxidation in the cerebral tissue and that the unsophisticated and informative method for antibody determination may be used in clinical practice.     

Lymphocyte migration in internally irradiated animals. Effect of internal gamma radiation on the migration properties of spleen lymphocytes labeled with 51Cr

In experiments on CBA mice it was shown that migration of 51Cr-labeled spleen lymphocytes, injected intravenously, to lymph nodes of intact recipients was suppressed 6-24 months after the administration of a radiopharmaceutic preparation of selenium-75-selenomethionine in a quantity forming the doses of 1 Gy and 1.5 Gy absorbed within the whole body and lymphoid organs, respectively. Migration of labeled lymphocytes to the liver, kidneys and lungs, as well as their retention in the circulating blood, were increased. As the result of the migration disorders the specific affinity of lymphocytes for peripheral lymphoid tissue decreased.     

Citrate influence on acetyl-CoA-carboxylase activation and phosphorylation in chicken liver with lipogenesis inhibited by nicotinic acid

Nicotinic acid in vivo affects the citrate demand for acetyl-CoA-carboxylase activation in the chicken liver under conditions of alimentary lipogenesis stimulation. Stoichiometry of the citrate binding with the dissociation constant of the enzyme-allosteric activator complex is determined under experimental conditions. Endogenic phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA-carboxylase completely correlates with its inactivation and depends on the citrate level. cAMP is established to have an activating effect on phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA-carboxylase of test animals.     

Enhancement of the biological effectiveness of low-energy quantum radiation. Microdosimetric basis for a selective radiation effect on chromosome material in cells

Microdosimetric data are presented indicating the possibility of a selective action of ionizing radiation on the chromosomal material of cells using low-energy electrons and photoelectrons formed, as the result of the photoeffect, on the incorporated or native atoms inside DNA upon irradiation with low-energy quantum radiation ("X-activating" effect). A presumed biological effectiveness of the "X-activating" effect on B-16 melanocarcinoma, with bromine and iodine incorporated into the DNA molecule, was estimated.     

Chronobiological analysis of thyroxine action on cell proliferation in the hypotetraploid strain of Ehrlich's ascitic tumor

Experiments on white random-bred male mice were made to study the effect of L-thyroxine on cell proliferation of the hypotetraploid strain of Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma. It was shown that prolonged thyroxine administration (during 6 days of carcinoma growth) lead to synchronization of cell proliferation and the maximum values of the mitotic index was found 3 hours earlier then in the control experiments. At the same time thyroxine did not exert any noticeable effect on the average daily magnitudes of the number of DNA-synthesizing cells and did not change the pattern of modulations in the radioactive index. The changes in the mitotic index and radioactive index were asynchronous in control and experimental animals. Analogous results were found for hyperdiploid strain of Ehrlich's ascites tumor. Ploidy of cells did not influence the tipe rhythms of the cell proliferation and its reaction on the action of thyroxine.     

Lymphocyte migration in internally irradiated animals. Effect of internal beta radiation on the migration of spleen lymphocytes in CBA mice

The syngeneic transfer system was used to study migration of 51Cr-labelled spleen lymphocytes in mice after incorporation of beta-emitter, 35S-methionine. Migration of 51Cr-labelled lymphocytes to lymph nodes was stably decreased, and to liver, kidneys and lungs increased. The lymphocyte migration impairment was associated with the influence of beta-radiation on both the migratory properties of cells and the factors of their microenvironment responsible for the lymphocyte migration within the mouse body. No distinctions were observed in the character and manifestation of disturbances of the lymphocyte migration after the injection of 35S-methionine and gamma-emitter, 75Se-selenomethionine.     

Inhibition of GABAergic Transmission as a Model of Hyperactivation of Purkinje Cells in the Rat Cerebellum

Biophysics - Abstract—Pathological changes in the cerebellum are often associated with dysfunction of Purkinje cells, which is manifested in excessive spike activity. In our experiments, the...     

Immunological and phenotypic characterization of cell constituents of breast milk

The morphology and immunological phenotype of plastic-adherent cells from human colostrum were studied in an in vitro short-term culture (6–7 days) using antibodies to CD3, CD31, CD34, CD45, CD68, vimentin, and osteocalcin. In 20% of the analyzed cultural flasks, nearly equal proportion of fibroblast-like cells and rounded cells was observed. In the 80% of the flasks, cells of regular shape were detected with the presence of single fibroblasts. The diameter of flattened cells ranged from 10 to 100 μm. All plastic-adherent cells did not express CD3 and showed weak binding (w) to the antibodies against CD31, CD34, and CD45. At the same time, we identified adherent cells that readily bound the antibodies against CD68, vimentin, and osteocalcin. According to the literature data, the CD68 + CD3^–CD31^wCD34^wCD45^w immunological phenotype of the majority of the adherent cells from the colostrum allows them to be classified as monocytes/macrophages. High expression of stromal antigens—vimentin and osteocalcin—in 40–45% of the adherent cells in the culturing medium lacking any osteogenic supplements (β-glycerophosphate, ascorbic acid, and dexamethason) implies the presence of osteoblasts in the colostrum, which differentiate from mesenchymal stem cells under the action of humoral factors contained in breast milk.     

High stability of Discosoma DsRed as compared to Aequorea EGFP

Comparative analysis of conformational stabilities was performed for two widely used genetic reporters, EGFP and DsRed, proteins exhibiting similar beta-can folds, but possessing different oligomeric organization and chromophore structures. Two factors affecting protein stability in vitro, such as elevated temperatures and a chaotropic agent guanidine hydrochloride, were studied. In vivo tolerance of the fluorescence proteins to proteasomal-based degradation was studied in insect and mammalian cells, and in Xenopus embryos. The apparent rate constants of thermal and GdmCl-induced denaturation were several orders of magnitude lower for DsRed than for EGFP. DsRed lifetimes severalfold longer than those of EGFP were observed in cultured cells and in embryos. The remarkable fluorescence stability of DsRed under the all conditions that have been studied is attributed to a significant extent to its tetrameric organization. Therefore, DsRed can be used as a genetic reporter and advanced population marker with a significantly extended intracellular lifespan.