全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1949篇 |
免费 | 106篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 15篇 |
2022年 | 14篇 |
2021年 | 44篇 |
2020年 | 30篇 |
2019年 | 36篇 |
2018年 | 61篇 |
2017年 | 45篇 |
2016年 | 63篇 |
2015年 | 89篇 |
2014年 | 104篇 |
2013年 | 148篇 |
2012年 | 168篇 |
2011年 | 162篇 |
2010年 | 87篇 |
2009年 | 92篇 |
2008年 | 127篇 |
2007年 | 106篇 |
2006年 | 99篇 |
2005年 | 97篇 |
2004年 | 98篇 |
2003年 | 81篇 |
2002年 | 64篇 |
2001年 | 17篇 |
2000年 | 23篇 |
1999年 | 16篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 6篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 6篇 |
1993年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 10篇 |
1991年 | 19篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 16篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
1966年 | 2篇 |
1959年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2057条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Vinod Kumar 《Chronobiology international》1986,3(3):165-170
Groups of photosensitive, unstimulated or stimulated, male blackheaded buntings were subjected to photoregimes of 15 hr of green light of three intensities and 9 hr of dark per day. In some groups green light was interrupted with 90 min of bright fluorescent light at different times in the subjective day. While gonads did not develop or regressed in some groups, birds in others behaved as if exposed to long daylengths. The results besides suggesting the involvement of endogenous circadian rhythm during initiation and maintenance of gonadal growth indicate that the reproductive rhythms are entrained and induced by environmental photoperiod. 相似文献
2.
The production of d-aminoacylase by Alcaligenes denitrificans and Alcaligenes faecalis has been studied. The enzyme was inducibly produced and N-acetyl-d-leucine and N-acetyl-d-valine were the most effective inducers. d-methionine, d-valine, d-phenylalamine and d-leucine were produced by the enzymic hydrolysis of the appropriate N-acetyl-d-amino-acids with whole cell biomass. The hydrolysis of N-acetyl-d-methionine by A. denitrificans and N-acetyl-d-valine by A. faecalis was preferential. Maximum yields of d-methionine and d-valine were 94.3 and 84.7% at a specific product formation rate of 20.10 and 19.19 μmol min−1 mg−1 of wet cells at 20 mM substrate concentration and 5 mg ml−1 of cell density. 相似文献
3.
4.
Bibek Yumnam Yadvendradev V. Jhala Qamar Qureshi Jesus E. Maldonado Rajesh Gopal Swati Saini Y. Srinivas Robert C. Fleischer 《PloS one》2014,9(11)
Even with global support for tiger (Panthera tigris) conservation their survival is threatened by poaching, habitat loss and isolation. Currently about 3,000 wild tigers persist in small fragmented populations within seven percent of their historic range. Identifying and securing habitat linkages that connect source populations for maintaining landscape-level gene flow is an important long-term conservation strategy for endangered carnivores. However, habitat corridors that link regional tiger populations are often lost to development projects due to lack of objective evidence on their importance. Here, we use individual based genetic analysis in combination with landscape permeability models to identify and prioritize movement corridors across seven tiger populations within the Central Indian Landscape. By using a panel of 11 microsatellites we identified 169 individual tigers from 587 scat and 17 tissue samples. We detected four genetic clusters within Central India with limited gene flow among three of them. Bayesian and likelihood analyses identified 17 tigers as having recent immigrant ancestry. Spatially explicit tiger occupancy obtained from extensive landscape-scale surveys across 76,913 km2 of forest habitat was found to be only 21,290 km2. After accounting for detection bias, the covariates that best explained tiger occupancy were large, remote, dense forest patches; large ungulate abundance, and low human footprint. We used tiger occupancy probability to parameterize habitat permeability for modeling habitat linkages using least-cost and circuit theory pathway analyses. Pairwise genetic differences (F
ST) between populations were better explained by modeled linkage costs (r>0.5, p<0.05) compared to Euclidean distances, which was in consonance with observed habitat fragmentation. The results of our study highlight that many corridors may still be functional as there is evidence of contemporary migration. Conservation efforts should provide legal status to corridors, use smart green infrastructure to mitigate development impacts, and restore habitats where connectivity has been lost. 相似文献
5.
Polysaccharides excreted by cowpea Rhizobium strains JLn(c) and RA-1 were mixtures of complex acidic exopolysaccharides and low molecular weight neutral glucans. These polymers were fractionated using gel filtration chromatography. Purified fractions of the acidic heteropolymer reacted with peanut agglutinin to give precipitin bands when subjected to Ouchterlony gel diffusion. The acidic exopolysaccharide was found to contain mainly glucose, galactose, glucuronic acid, mannose and fucose. The non-carbohydrate substituents of the acidic heteropolymer were pyruvate, acetate and uronate which were identified by infrared and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as well as by chemical analysis.Abbreviations EPS
Extracellular polysaccharide
- YEM
yeast extract mannitol
- PNA
peanut agglutination
-
1H-NMR
proton nuclear magnetic resonance 相似文献
6.
7.
Design of liposome to improve encapsulation efficiency of gelonin and its effect on immunoreactivity and ribosome inactivating property 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Anis Alam S. R. K. Bhuri Anil K. Mavila Vinod Singh 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1992,112(2):97-109
Gelonin, purified from the seeds of Gelonium multiflorum, using cation-exchange and gel-filtration chromatography was characterised for its purity, homogeneity and molecular weight by reverse-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) and SDS-PAGE analysis. The HPLC purified gelonin was used for entrapment studies in the liposomes. Liposomes were prepared by reverse phase evaporation (REV) technique using three different types of lipid composition in the same molar ratio. The method resulted in 75–80% entrapment efficiency of gelonin in the liposomes. Entrapped and unentrapped gelonin was characterized for physico-chemical, immunochemical and biological properties. The immunoreactivity of entrapped gelonin was fully preserved but the ribosome-inactivating property was slightly inhibited. The method involved mild conditions, highly reproducible and the liposomes produced appeared to be stable for several months. It has important implications in the development of cell type specific cytotoxic agents where a chemical cross-linking is involved which significantly inhibits both immunoreactivity and ribosome-inactivating ability of the toxin. 相似文献
8.
The hydrophobic membrane-spanning sequences of the gp52 glycoprotein are required for the pathogenicity of Friend spleen focus-forming virus. 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
Friend spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) codes for a transport-defective envelope glycoprotein designated gp52, which is responsible for the leukemogenic properties of the virus. gp52 is a monotopic integral membrane protein anchored in the membrane by a stretch of hydrophobic amino acid residues located near the carboxy terminus of the molecule. We have constructed a mutant SFFV envelope gene in which the sequences that code for the hydrophobic membrane-spanning domain have been deleted, and we expressed this gene by using recombinant vaccinia virus vectors or retroviral vectors. The mutant SFFV envelope gene was found to encode a truncated glycoprotein (gp52t) which was also transport defective; a majority of gp52t remained cell associated, while a small proportion of the molecules underwent oligosaccharide processing. The processed form of gp52t was secreted from the cells. Retroviral vectors carrying the mutant SFFV envelope gene were found to be nonpathogenic in adult mice. These results indicate that the hydrophobic membrane-spanning region of gp52 is required for pathogenicity of SFFV and suggest that these sequences may play a role in signal transduction. The results also indicate that the transport defect of SFFV gp52 is due to structural features of the ectodomain of the molecule. 相似文献
9.
The impact of atrazine, a triazine herbicide, on the lipid metabolism of fish, Sarotherodon mossambica was studied. Significant changes were reported in the lipid profiles of liver and muscle as a function of exposure period. 相似文献
10.
Callus cultures were established from seedling root tips of mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek var. radiata) cv. K 851. The growing calli were exposed to increasing concentrations of thioproline — an analog of proline, in the medium. A concentration of 3.0 mM thioproline completely inhibited the growth of the cells. However, after 25 days incubation 5 cell clones were obtained which could grow on this concentration of thioproline. Out of them one vigorously growing cell clone was further characterized. This selected clone contained higher endogenous levels of free proline (5 fold) and K+ (1.5 fold) and exhibited elevated tolerance, not only to thioproline but also to exogenously applied NaCl in the growth medium, as compared to the normal sensitive callus cells. Higher endogenous levels of free proline and K+ appear to impart dual resistance to thioproline and NaCl to the selected cell strain. 相似文献