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SHOKO YASUKAWA HIDETOSHI KATO RYOHEI YAMAOKA HAJIME TANAKA HIROHITO ARAI SHOICHI KAWANO 《Plant Species Biology》1992,7(2-3):121-140
Abstract Volatile substances emitted from the flowers of eight Magnolia taxa ( M. sieboldii ssp. japonica, M. praecocissima var. praecocissima and var. borealis, M. tomentosa, M. salicifolia, M. obovata, M. denudata, and M. grandiflora ) and one Michelia species ( M. compressa ) (Magnoliaceae) were examined and identified using GC-MS. Volatile substances of these Magnolia and Michelia species consist primarily of monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids produced by the mevalonate pathway, acetogenins by the acetate-malonate pathway, and phenyl-propanoids by the shikimate pathway. These Magnolia and Michelia species all possessed various combinations of volatile monoterpenoids, acetogenins, and phenylpropanoids, except for Magnolia obovata , which emitted primarily sesquiterpenoids. Free amino acids in pollen of 12 Magnolia and one Liriodendron species were also analyzed, and their value as food sources for pollinators evaluated.
Pollinators visiting the flowers of five Magnolia species were collected in their native sites and identified. Their behaviors and roles as pollinating agents were assessed. 相似文献
Pollinators visiting the flowers of five Magnolia species were collected in their native sites and identified. Their behaviors and roles as pollinating agents were assessed. 相似文献
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DAUD KASSAM KOSAKU YAMAOKA BOSCO RUSUWA MICHIO HORI 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2007,91(1):1-9
As part of an ongoing broader investigation into whether similar morphologies among cichlid species from East African Great Lakes are due to common ancestry or convergent evolution, we used geometric morphometrics to quantitatively test the hyphothesis that Lake Tanganyika's Tropheus spp. is morphologically similar to Lake Malawi's Pseudotropheus spp. and Labeotropheus fuelleborni . Landmark-based techniques were used to investigate body shape variation and the results revealed highly significant differences among these genera with the exception of L. fuelleborni vs. Pseudotropheus ( Tropheops ) spp. An ordination of all specimens along the first two canonical variate (CV) axes indicated clear interlake separation, especially along the CV I axis, whereby Tropheus moori showed a dorsoventral expansion of the mid body section with a steeper forehead relative to Lake Malawi species. Pseudotropheus ( Maylandia ) zebra was discriminated from the rest primarily on the basis of its terminally positioned gape, which differed from the inferior subterminal gape that was prevalent in the other species. Thus, the present study reveals a pattern of parallel evolution between L. fuelleborni and Pseudotropheus ( Tropheops ) spp., but does not support an interlake convergent evolution hypothesis. Contrary to previous researchers' assertions, these results emphasize the robustness of geometric morphometrics when testing morphological equivalence hypothesis among cichlid species. © 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2007, 91 , 1–9. 相似文献
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TATSUOMI MATSUOKA SETSUKO MATSUOKA YUMIKO YAMAOKA TOSHIHIKO KURIU YOSHIYA WATANABE MIYUKI TAKAYANAGI YOJI KATO KOJI TANEDA 《The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology》1992,39(4):498-502
ABSTRACT The cells of Blepharisma which possess red pigment (blepharismin) show step-up photophobic response (temporal ciliary reversal induced by a sudden increase in light intensity). Bleaching of the cells by cold shock raised a threshold light intensity for the response, Oxidation of red pigment that produced blue pigment did not raise the threshold for the response. The action spectrum for the step-up photophobic response of the cells which possess normal red pigment had peaks at about 580, 540 and 490 nm, a value which coincided with peaks of an absorption spectrum of the red pigment. The absorption spectrum of oxidized pigment (blue pigment) shifted 20 nm toward infrared light. The action spectrum for the response of the cells which possess blue pigment also shifted 20 nm toward infrared light. Results suggest that red pigment might be involved in the step-up photophobic response. Key words. Blepharismin, ciliary reversal, photoreceptors, photoresponse. 相似文献
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IKUO YAMAOKA NOBUYUKI KAWAMURA MANAKO MIZUNO YOSHIMI NAGATANI 《The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology》1984,31(2):267-272
During excystment of an amoeba, Cochliopodium sp., scale formation was examined with light and electron microscopy. This amoeba was covered with scales. When the amoeba encysted, the scales remained on the external surface of the cyst wall. Soon after the induction of excystment the Golgi complex began to develop. Many vesicles were extruded from it and changed into vacuoles. Scales were observed first in the vacuole adjacent to the Golgi complex and later in inside the cyst wall. When the amoeba excysted it had been coated by the newly formed scales. It is suggested that the scale formation is dependent on the activity of the Golgi complex. 相似文献
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