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1.
Elevated serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels were found in 29% of 155 chronic alcoholics undergoing detoxification treatment. Alkaline phosphatase (AP) was increased in 16%, alanine aminotransferase--SGPT (ALT) in 12% of the patients, while 23% had elevations of either AP or ALT or both. Of the foregoing parameters, GGT was the best single indicator of liver involvement. In course of the follow-ups GGT/ALT correlation improved, but GGT/AP correlation deteriorated. In 9 patients, abstinence during follow-up was associated with progressive decrease in previously elevated serum GGT. Because of its unique sensitivity, GGT may be useful as a screening and/or monitoring aid in alcoholism. 相似文献
2.
The light-induced free-radical signal of Photosystem II (observed after illumination at 77 °K) has been studied in chloroplasts as a function of the oxidation-reduction potential established prior to freezing. The intensity of the light-induced signal is unchanged in the potential region of +590 mV to +760 mV. At higher potential (+850 mV), there is a 30% decrease in signal intensity. The light-induced signal decreases to zero in the low-potential region, with a midpoint potential of +475 mV. These results are considered in terms of a Photosystem II reaction-center complex in which the light-induced free-radical signal arises from the oxidized form of the reaction-center chlorophyll, and this chlorophyll molecule is capable of being reduced at liquid-nitrogen temperature by a secondary electron donor which has a midpoint oxidation-reduction potential of +475 mV. 相似文献
3.
Interaction of plastocyanin with photosystem I: a chemical cross-linking study of the polypeptide that binds plastocyanin 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Plastocyanin has been covalently cross-linked to photosystem I (PSI) by using a water-soluble cross-linker, N-ethyl-3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]carbodiimide. The cross-linking reaction is light stimulated and results in the disappearance of a single 19-kDa subunit of PSI with the formation of a new protein-staining component of 31 kDa. The new product at 31 kDa reacts with both plastocyanin and 19-kDa subunit antibodies. Carboxyl group modified plastocyanin does not form a cross-linked product with PSI, implying that the negatively charged surface-exposed groups on plastocyanin are necessary to stabilize binding. These results demonstrate a specific interaction of plastocyanin with PSI and further implicate a specific protein to which plastocyanin binds to facilitate electron transfer to the P700 reaction center. 相似文献
4.
Topography of the Protein Complexes of the Chloroplast Thylakoid Membrane : Studies of Photosystem II using Pronase Digestion and Chemical Labeling 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0 下载免费PDF全文
The accessibility of various Photosystem II (PSII)-associated polypeptides to the protease pronase and the chemical modifier trinitrobenzene-sulfonic acid (TNBS) has been investigated. Three polypeptides with apparent molecular weight of 32, 21, and 16 kilodaltons, known to be associated with O2 evolution, are all resistant to pronase digestion and TNBS labeling in intact thylakoids. All the polypeptides in the isolated PSII preparation were labeled with TNBS while a different pattern of labeling was observed when the PSII complex was isolated from TNBS-modified thylakoids. Attempts to prepare PSII particles from pronase-treated thylakoids using the Triton X-100 solubilization method were unsuccessful. Pronase-treated thylakoids were probed with antisera against the chlorophyll proteins of PSII using immunoblotting techniques. This allowed for a positive identification of proteolytic fragments from the respective proteins. The results are discussed in relation to the transmembrane organization of PSII in spinach thylakoids. 相似文献
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7.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid Base Composition of Clostridial Species 总被引:8,自引:7,他引:1
Ben'Ichiro Tonomura Richard Malkin Jesse C. Rabinowitz 《Journal of bacteriology》1965,89(5):1438-1439
8.
In situ laser Michelson interferometry was utilized to investigate mechanisms of growth and surface morphology in protein and virus crystallization, These included plant proteins canavalin and thaumatin and turnip yellow mosaic virus. The experimental apparatus allowed us to obtain interferometric patterns and investigate growth kinetics from growing macromolecular crystals as small as 20 μm. For the crystallization of canavalin, dislocations are the sources of growth steps on the surfaces. Supersaturation and time dependencies of the normal growth rates, tangential growth step velocities, and the slopes of the dislocation hillocks were measured. The kinetic coefficient β (rate of incorporation of protein molecules into the growing crystal) was estimated for canavalin to be 9 × 10-4 cm/sec. This is among the first estimates of such fundamental kinetic parameters for macromolecular crystallization. The change in the activities of dislocation sources under different growth conditions was also analyzed. Michelson interferometry was clearly demonstrated to be a useful tool for quantitative studies of macromolecular crystal growth. 相似文献
9.
Incubation of thylakoid membranes from spinach with low concentrations of mercuric chloride induces the loss of one of the iron-sulfur centers, FB, in Photosystem I (PS I) and inhibits the electron transfer from PS I to the soluble electron carrier, ferredoxin. Reconstitution of this damaged iron-sulfur center has been carried out by incubating treated thylakoid membranes with exogenous FeCl3 and Na2S in the presence of-mercaptoethanol under anaerobic conditions. Low temperature EPR measurements indicate that center FB is largely restored. Kinetic experiments show that the restored FB can be photoreduced from P700. However, these reconstituted thylakoid membranes are still incompetent in the photoreduction of ferredoxin and NADP+, even though ferredoxin binding to the modified membranes was not impaired, indicating additional changes in the structure of the PS I complex must have occurred. 相似文献
10.
Direct sequencing of the mitochondrial displacement loop (D-loop) of shrews
(genus Sorex) for the region between the tRNA(Pro) and the conserved
sequence block-F revealed variable numbers of 79-bp tandem repeats. These
repeats were found in all 19 individuals sequenced, representing three
subspecies and one closely related species of the masked shrew group (Sorex
cinereus cinereus, S. c. miscix, S. c. acadicus, and S. haydeni) and an
outgroup, the pygmy shrew (S. hoyi). Each specimen also possessed an
adjacent 76-bp imperfect copy of the tandem repeats. One individual was
heteroplasmic for length variants consisting of five and seven copies of
the 79-bp tandem repeat. The sequence of the repeats is conducive to the
formation of secondary structure. A termination-associated sequence is
present in each of the repeats and in a unique sequence region 5' to the
tandem array as well. Mean genetic distance between the masked shrew taxa
and the pygmy shrew was calculated separately for the unique sequence
region, one of the tandem repeats, the imperfect repeat, and these three
regions combined. The unique sequence region evolved more rapidly than the
tandem repeats or the imperfect repeat. The small genetic distance between
pairs of tandem repeats within an individual is consistent with a model of
concerted evolution. Repeats are apparently duplicated and lost at a high
rate, which tends to homogenize the tandem array. The rate of D- loop
sequence divergence between the masked and pygmy shrews is estimated to be
15%-20%/Myr, the highest rate observed in D-loops of mammals. Rapid
sequence evolution in shrews may be due either to their high metabolic rate
and short generation time or to the presence of variable numbers of tandem
repeats.
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