Andrographolide and Its Derivative Potassium Dehydrographolide Succinate Suppress PRRSV Replication in Primary and Established Cells via Differential Mechanisms of Action

Virologica Sinica - Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) continues to cause significant economic loss worldwide and remains a serious threat to the pork industry. Currently,...     

Microarray analysis of genes with differential expression of m6A methylation in lung cancer

Purpose: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is among the most abundant mRNA modifications in eukaryote. The aim of the present study was to investigate function of m6A mRNA methylation in lung cancer and the underlying mechanism.Methods: Microarray analysis was performed to detect the differences in RNA expression between cancerous and adjacent non-cancerous tissue samples. The target mRNAs were subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. Hierarchical clustering of RNAs was conducted to identify distinct m6A methylation or expression patterns between the samples.Results: In the present study, some differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of mRNAs were identified, including up-regulated secret phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) and down-regulated pRB. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that while differential hypermethylation was related to cell cycle, intracellular part and protein binding, the main pathway involved herpes simplex virus 1 infection related to down-regulated AKT, Araf1 and BCL2A1. In the meantime, sexual reproduction, cohesin complex and protein C-terminus binding was functionally linked to differential hypomethylation, while fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis were identified as the main pathways related to up-regulated GST and CNP.Conclusions: We showed that lung cancer development involved differential expression of SPP1 and pRB mRNA, as well as m6A mRNA methylation in AKT, APAF1, BCL2A1, GST and CNP genes.     

Association of the variants in the PPARG gene and serum lipid levels: a meta‐analysis of 74 studies

Considerable studies have been carried out to investigate the relationship between the polymorphisms of PPARG (Pro12Ala, C161T and C1431T) and serum lipid levels, but the results were inconclusive. Hence, we conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the association. MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library databases were searched systematically. The subgroup analysis was performed based on ethnicity. Seventy-four studies with 54,953 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. In Pro12Ala, the group with the ‘PP’ (C/C genotype) genotype group had lower levels of total cholesterol (TC) (mean difference, MD: −0.02, P < 0.00001; I² = 28%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (MD: −0.02, P < 0.00001; I² = 30%) and higher levels of triglyceride (TG) (MD: 0.06, P < 0.00001; I² = 30%) than the combined ‘PA+AA’ (PA = C/G genotype, AA = G/G genotype) genotype group in Asian population, and the group with the ‘PP’ genotype had higher levels of TG (MD: 0.07, P < 0.02; I² = 67%) than the combined ‘PA+AA’ genotype group in non-Asian population. No statistically significant differences in the levels of TC, TG, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C were detected between different genotypes in C161T(Asian or non-Asian) and C1431T(Asian) polymorphisms. This meta-analysis was a renewed and confirmed study to assess the association between PPARG polymorphisms and serum lipid levels in Asian and non-Asian populations. There is a prominent association between Pro12Ala polymorphism and the levels of TC, LDL-C and TG in Asian population. No statistically significant differences in serum lipid levels were detected between different genotypes in C161T and C1431T polymorphisms.