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The effects of a slow-release N-enriched rock powder on soil chemistry, on the development of the soil vegetation (field layer
vegetation), on the nutritional status of pine seedlings (Pinus sylvestris L.), and on decomposition rates of cellulose in
lignite-poor mine spoils were studied. In the initial phase after afforestation fertilization caused a significant increase
in NO3
−-N concentrations in the soil solution of the top-soil (0–60 cm). Subsequently, NO3
−-N concentrations of all N fertilized treatments decreased with the exception of the highest N application area (500 kg N
ha−1). This decrease of NO3
−-N concentrations was related to the establishment of a field layer vegetation, which developed according to the amount of
N applied. In the above-ground phytomass of the field layer vegetation a maximum N accumulation amount of 22 kg ha−1 was measured. Cellulose decomposition increased with higher N application rates. In the second year after N-fertilization,
the pine needles indicated insufficient supply for almost all nutrients except for N. The deficiency symptoms were most pronounced
at the plots that had received the highest amounts of nitrogen. This phenomenon appears to be related to the competition by
the field layer vegetation.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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On a study site in the Lusatian lignite mining region (Germany), sandy mine spoil was ameliorated with either sewage sludge,
compost or mineral fertilizer. Plots were sown with the grass Secale multicaule and planted with pine seedlings except for
a control that was not meliorated and not revegetated. Pitfall catches of ground beetles in 1996/97 yielded high numbers of
species and individuals directly after revegetation. The dominant beetles were xerophilic species, known to prefer open sandy
sites. Catches in different plots were positively correlated with the amount of vegetation cover and declined as follows:
amelioration with sewage sludge > compost > mineral fertilizer > untreated control. Even beetles characteristic of open sandy
sites showed a distinct preference for plots with high vegetation cover treated with organic waste. For the dominant species,
an attraction to shelter and a more balanced, humid microclimate is assumed. A year-to-year comparison showed an increase
in beetles typical of dry grasslands and ruderal sites in the second year, while characteristic species of open sandy sites
decreased. Application of organic waste combined with revegetation led to an immediate increase in beetle numbers. In the
long term, revegetation would be expected to reduce suitable habitats for endangered ground beetles which prefer open sites
with poor sandy soils.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
3.
Lyle G. Best Richa Saxena Cindy M. Anderson Michael R. Barnes Hakon Hakonarson Gilbert Falcon Candelaria Martin Berta Almoguera Castillo Ananth Karumanchi Kylie Keplin Nichole Pearson Felicia Lamb Shellee Bercier Brendan J. Keating 《PloS one》2013,8(8)
Background
The etiology of pre-eclampsia (PE) is unknown; but it is accepted that normal pregnancy represents a distinctive challenge to the maternal immune system. C-reactive protein is a prominent component of the innate immune system; and we previously reported an association between PE and the CRP polymorphism, rs1205. Our aim was to explore the effects of additional CRP variants. The IBC (Cardiochip) genotyping microarray focuses on candidate genes and pathways related to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease.Methods
This study recruited 140 cases of PE and 270 matched controls, of which 95 cases met criteria as severe PE, from an American Indian community. IBC array genotypes from 10 suitable CRP SNPs were analyzed. A replication sample of 178 cases and 427 controls of European ancestry was also genotyped.Results
A nominally significant difference (p value <0.05) was seen in the distribution of discordant matched pairs for rs3093068; and Bonferroni corrected differences (P<0.005) were seen for rs876538, rs2794521, and rs3091244. Univariate conditional logistic regression odds ratios (OR) were nominally significant for rs3093068 and rs876538 models only. Multivariate logistic models with adjustment for mother''s age, nulliparity and BMI attenuated the effect (OR 1.58, P = 0.066, 95% CI 0.97–2.58) for rs876538 and (OR 2.59, P = 0.050, 95% CI 1.00–6.68) for rs3093068. An additive risk score of the above two risk genotypes shows a multivariate adjusted OR of 2.04 (P = 0.013, 95% CI 1.16–3.56). The replication sample also demonstrated significant association between PE and the rs876538 allele (OR = 1.55, P = 0.01, 95% CI 2.16–1.10). We also show putative functionality for the rs876538 and rs3093068 CRP variants.Conclusion
The CRP variants, rs876538 and rs3093068, previously associated with other cardiovascular disease phenotypes, show suggestive association with PE in this American Indian population, further supporting a possible role for CRP in PE. 相似文献
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