广东哺乳类及两栖类寄生吸虫四新种的记述（吸虫纲：蹲茎科,蛙蠕科）

作者在广东省梅县市发现四个吸虫新种:1.鼠丽色吸虫,新种Reesella ratta sp. nov., 2.后囊蛙蠕吸虫,新种Batrachotrema optstosacca sp. nov., 3.梅县后平睾吸虫,新种Opisthioparorchis meixianensis sp. nov., 4.大卵后平睾吸虫,新种Opisthioparorchis megaloonos sp. nov.,它们分别归隶于蹲茎科Cathaemasiidae及蛙蠕科Bstrachotrematidae。模式标本保存于中山医科大学寄生虫学研究所。     

5′-Nucleotidase in spinal meningeal compartments in the rat

Summary The distribution of 5-nucleotidase (5-Nu) is reported in spinal meninges of the rat on the basis of an immunohistochemical and enzyme histochemical investigation. Strong immunoreactivity was found in the arachnoid membrane and in the sheaths of the spinal roots as well as in septa subdividing the roots. Also the superficial layer of the ligamentum denticulatum showed enzyme staining. No immunoreactivity could be detected in the pia mater or along the spinal nerve roots outside the subarachnoid space. Within the arachnoid mater the immunoreactivity was concentrated in the basal zone of the arachnoid membrane, thus appearing as a narrow fluorescent band near the border of the dura. An accentuation of immunoreactivity could be observed in areas where small dural blood vessels approach the subarachnoid space. It is well known that adenine nucleotides released from neural and glial cells of the central nervous system finally reach the cerebrospinal fluid. We presume that 5-Nu in the arachnoid membrane and spinal root sheaths is responsible for the conversion of adenine nucleotides into adenosine and that this conversion is associated with the reabsorption process of cerebrospinal fluid which most probably also takes place in spinal meninges. Adenosine, the product of 5-nucleotidase, could play a role in the reabsorption process by its vasodilatatory effect on dural and epidural vessels.     

Über die interspezifische Wirkung des Sexuallockstoffes von Apis mellifica und Apis cerana

Zusammenfassung In Feldversuchen an Drohnensammelplätzen wurden Königinnen von Apis mellifica und A. cerana von mellifica-Drohnen angeflogen. Die arteigene Königin wurde bei gleichzeitiger Darbietung der artfremden Königin in manchen Fällen (an Tagen mit geringer sexueller Appetenz der Drohnen) gesichert bevorzugt.Elektrophysiologisch konnten von den Porenplatten der Drohnenantennen beider Arten langsame Potentiale bei Reizung mit 9-Oxo-trans-2-decensäure (Queen substance) abgeleitet werden. Auf dieselben Riechzellen wirkt auch das Mandibeldrüsensekret von A. cerana. Bei beiden Arten standen die Wirkungen von Queen substance-Proben und von Cerana-Mandibeldrüsen zueinander im gleichen Verhältnis.Riechzellen des gleichen Typs finden sich auch auf den Antennen von Arbeiterinnen und Königinnen beider Arten. Ein anderer Riechzelltyp bei allen Kasten beider Arten reagiert auf den Sterzelduft von A. mellifica.

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On the interspecific effect of the sex attractant of Apis mellifica and Apis cerana

Summary In field experiments drones of Apis mellifica were attracted by queens of Apis mellifica and of A. cerana. On days of low sexual appetite the drones showed a significant preference for their own queen.In both species we recorded spikes and slow potentials from the poreplates of the drones antennae. The same type of olfactory sense cells responds to 9-oxotrans-2-decenoic acid (queen substance) and to the secretion of the mandibular gland of Apis cerana. The quantitative relationship of the effects of the queen substance probes and of the cerana-mandibular glands were the same in both species.Olfactory cells of the same type were found on the queens' and workers' antennae of both species. Another cell type common to all castes of both species responds to the scent of the Nasanov gland of A. mellifica.

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Für die freundliche Überlassung von Proben synthetischer 9-Oxo-trans-2-decensäure danken wir Herrn R. K. Callow (Rothamsted) und H. Rembold (München).     

我国微茎类吸虫研究:ⅩⅢ.微茎类吸虫成虫结构特征排序

对我国52种微茎类吸虫的18项成虫形态学特征进行主成分分析,结果表明:卵巢位置、子宫延伸位置等7项性状对第一主成分贡献较大,提示描述器官位置的指标是重要的分类依据。52个虫种在前三个主成分上的排序图显示应将其划分成4个亚科。     

柱萤叶甲属研究（Ⅰ）鞘翅具黑色刻点的种类记述（鞘翅目：叶甲科）

本文就萤叶甲亚科中柱萤叶甲属鞘翅具黑色刻点的种类进行研究,共记述４种,我国已记录３种,其中１种为新种。     

维生素C·Cu·菲咯啉系统对DNA的定位损伤

维生素Ｃ·Ｃｕ·菲咯啉系统对ＤＮＡ的定位损伤柯德森,王爱国,罗广华（中国科学院华南植物研究所,广州５１０６５０）关键词活性氧;ＤＮＡ;定位损伤活性氧对ＤＮＡ的损伤已经被很多工作所证实”””,这种伤害是由０Ｂ”直接作用于ＤＮＡ所引起的”’“。但是ＯＨ’...     

Cellular components of the immune barrier in the spinal meninges and dorsal root ganglia of the normal rat: immunohistochemical (MHC class II) and electron-microscopic observations

This report deals with the distribution, morphology and specific topical relationships of bone-marrow-derived cells (free cells) in the spinal meninges and dorsal root ganglia of the normal rat. The morphology of these cells has been studied by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Cells expressing the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II gene product have been recognized by immunofluorescence. At the level of the transmission electron microscope, free cells are found in all layers of the meninges. Many of them display characteristic ultrastructural features of macrophages, whereas others show a highly vacuolated cytoplasm and are endowed with many processes. These elements lack a conspicuous lysosomal system and might represent dendritic cells. Scanning electron microscopy has revealed that free cells contact the cerebrospinal fluid via abundant cytoplasmic processes that cross the cell layers of the pia mater and of the arachnoid. Cells expressing the MHC class II antigen are also found in all layers of the meninges. They are particularly abundant in the layers immediately adjacent to the subarachnoid space, in the neighbourhood of dural vessels, along the spinal roots and in the dural funnels. In addition to the meninges, strong immunoreactivity for MHC class II antigen is observed in the dorsal root ganglia. The ultrastructural and immunohistochemical findings of this study suggest the existence of a well-developed system of immunological surveillance of the subarachnoid space and of the dorsal root ganglia.     

我国微茎类吸虫的研究Ⅻ.类茎属及多黄属二新种报道：复殖目：微茎科

本文报道在湛江市附近海域海鸟体内获得的两种吸虫,经鉴定为新种,命名为巨口类茎吸虫,新种Ｍｉｃｒｏｐｈａｌｌｏｉｄｅｓ ｍａｃｒｏｓｔｏｎｒｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,珊瑚多黄吸虫,新种Ｍｕｌｔｉｖｉｔｅｌｌｕｓ ｃｏｒａｌｉｕｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．     

The transition of the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop into the distal convoluted tubule in the nephron of the rat kidney

Summary Examination of serial semithin sections of rat kidney cortex and a subsequent electron microscopic study of selected areas revealed that the characteristic epithelium of the cortical part of the thick ascending limb of Henle extends for a varying distance beyond the macula densa. The transition from the relatively thin epithelium of the thick ascending limb at this site to the three -or even four-fold thicker epithelium of the convoluted part of the distal tubule is sharply defined and occurs without the interposition of an intermediate cell type.The position of the macula densa at the end but still clearly within the ascending limb of Henle's loop is functionally interpreted to guarantee the separation of the sensor point macula densa from disturbing influences which might arise from the secretory activity of the subsequent tubular portion.Investigations supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. The skillful technical assistance of Mrs. Saliha Sabanovic is gratefully acknowledged