人鼻咽癌细胞基因组中瘤基因Ha－ras－1的Dnase Ⅰ超敏感位点的初步研究

ＤＮａｓｅⅠ超敏感位点的研究能够发现潜在的调控基因转录活化的位点,比较正常人外周血有核细胞,淋巴瘤细胞株Ｐ３ＨＲ１和人鼻咽癌低分化磷癌细胞株ＨＯｎＥ１和ＨＮＥ２中Ｈａ－ｒａｓ－１瘤基因的ＤＮａｓｅⅠ超敏感位点发现,只有ＨＯＮＥ１和ＨＮＥ２细胞基因组中存在一个ＤＮａｓｅⅠ超敏感位点,位于第一个外显子上游０．３７ｋｂ处,上述结果提示正常白细胞和Ｐ３ＨＲ１细胞中Ｈａ－ｒａｓ－１基因处于失活状态,而在鼻咽癌细胞基因组中则处于活化状态,它的活化可能与０．３７ｋｂ处的ＤＮＡ序列有密切的关系。     

HAPLOID PARTHENOGENETIC SPOROPHYTES OF LAMINARIA JAPONICA (PHAEOPHYCEAE)1

Parthenogenetic sporophytes were obtained from three strains of Laminaria japonica Areschoug. These sporophytes grew to maturity in the sea, producine spores that all grew into female gametophytes. These female gametophytes gave rise to another generation of parthenogenetic sporophytes during the next year, so that by the year 1990 parthenogenetic sporophytes had been cultivated for 12, 9, and 7 generations, respectively, for the three strains. When female gametophytes from parthenogenetic sporophytes were combined with normal male gametophytes, normal sporophytes that reproduced and gave rise to both female and male gametophytes were obtained. The parthenogenetic sporophytes were shorter and narrower than the normal sporophytes of the same strain. Chromosome counts on mature sporophytes showed that normal sporophytes (from fertilized eggs) were diploid (2n = approximately 40) and that the spores they produced were haploid (n = approximately 20), while nuclei from both somatic and sporangial cells in parthenogenetic sporophytes were haploid. All gametophytes were haploid. Young sporophytes derived from cultures with both female and male gametophytes were diploid, while young, sporophytes obtained from female gametophytes from parthenogenetic sporophytes had haploid, diploid, or polyploidy chromosome numbers. Polyploidy was associated with abnormal cell shapes. The presence of haploid parthenogenetic sporophytes should be use in breeding kelp strains with useful characteristics, since the sporophyte phenotype is expressed from a haploid genotype which can be more readily selected.     

Haemodynamic and renin responses to prostacyclin infusion in Na depleted and Na restricted sheep

The haemodynamic and renin responses to prostacyclin (PGI2) infusion were examined in sheep during sodium depletion and dietary sodium restriction. The haemodynamic effects of PGI2 infusion in sodium depleted and sodium restricted sheep were similar to those obtained in the sodium replete animal. The renin proportionate response to PGI2 was not altered by sodium restriction but blunted by sodium depletion, compatible with the hypothesis that endogenous PGI2 is high in Na depletion.     

基于三代测序的食蟹猴Mafa-B等位基因共表达与进化分析

【背景】主要组织相容性复合体(major histocompatibility complex,MHC)的多态性在很大程度上会影响生物医学实验的结果,而且特定的MHC-B等位基因与多种疾病的发展进程密切相关。食蟹猴(Macaca fascicularis,Mafa)是一种开展生物医学研究的重要实验动物,与人类相比,目前尚缺乏对食蟹猴Mafa-B等位基因的综合表征。【目的】获得全面的食蟹猴Mafa-B等位基因信息,鉴定Mafa-B等位基因共表达与进化关系。【方法】基于三代测序获得的食蟹猴MHC-B基因组信息,设计特异性引物扩增33只越南食蟹猴群体中的Mafa-B序列,并结合多种生物信息学方法进行分析。【结果】基于92个Mafa-B等位基因信息,鉴定了65个新的Mafa-B等位基因。其中,8个Mafa-B等位基因与其他地理来源的食蟹猴群体中已报道的序列相同,32个Mafa-B等位基因与其他猕猴物种中已报道的序列相同。此外,鉴定了7个高频Mafa-B谱系和7对共表达的Mafa-B等位基因,并检测到了一个潜在的重组事件。进化分析表明不同地理来源的食蟹猴群体Mafa-B序列具有很高的相似性。【结论】越南食蟹猴群体中共表达的Mafa-B等位基因经历了某些抗原的选择,不同地理来源的食蟹猴群体可能微调其Mafa-B序列以适应病原体的选择压力,本文为食蟹猴MHC遗传背景研究奠定了基础。     

野化放归丹顶鹤活动节律、家域特征和栖息地选择

了解野放丹顶鹤的运动模式、家域和栖息地选择的时间节律特征对丹顶鹤种群保护和栖息地管理尤为重要。基于GPS-GSM跟踪数据,综合运用3S技术、动态布朗桥模型、栖息地选择指数,研究了盐城海滨湿地野放丹顶鹤在不同生活周期的活动节律、家域的面积和重叠指数,以及栖息地选择。结果表明：(1)丹顶鹤日活动节律具有明显的周期性特征。丹顶鹤活动强度：育成期>越冬期>孵化期>育雏期,孵化期和育雏期日间活动强度平稳,育成期和越冬期呈“双峰”模式。(2)丹顶鹤95%家域面积均值介于(111.18±22.15)hm²—(621.28±105.77)hm²,育成期((621.28±105.77) hm²)>育雏期((226.83±54.86) hm²)>孵化期((112.40±7.72) hm²)>越冬期((111.18±22.15) hm²);核心家域面积均值介于(0.53±0.26)—(45.78±6.66) hm²,育成...     

混合接种球孢白僵菌与摩西球囊霉对烟草促生抗逆影响

利用球孢白僵菌Beauveria bassiana与摩西球囊霉菌Glomus mosseae以单独和混合接种的方式在烟草Nicotiana tabacum苗期进行接种处理,检测烟草苗期和成熟期的农艺性状和生理特性.结果 表明:在育苗期,混合接种处理烟苗具有最大的叶长和最大叶宽,与对照相比提高了30.27％和42.98％...     

Chromosome-level genome of Tibetan naked carp (Gymnocypris przewalskii) provides insights into Tibetan highland adaptation

Gymnocypris przewalskii, a cyprinid fish endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, has evolved unique morphological, physiological and genetic characteristics to adapt to the highland environment. Herein, we assembled a high-quality G. przewalskii tetraploid genome with a size of 2.03 Gb and scaffold N50 of 44.93 Mb, which was anchored onto 46 chromosomes. The comparative analysis suggested that gene families related to highland adaptation were significantly expanded in G. przewalskii. According to the G. przewalskii genome, we evaluated the phylogenetic relationship of 13 schizothoracine fishes, and inferred that the demographic history of G. przewalskii was strongly associated with geographic and eco-environmental alterations. We noticed that G. przewalskii experienced whole-genome duplication, and genes preserved post duplication were functionally associated with adaptation to high salinity and alkalinity. In conclusion, a chromosome-scale G. przewalskii genome provides an important genomic resource for teleost fish, and will particularly promote our understanding of the molecular evolution and speciation of fish in the highland environment.