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Banding in Human Chromosomes treated with Trypsin 总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23
THE differential staining properties of the Giemsa stain were first observed by Pardue and Gall1. They were studying in situ hybridization between mouse satellite DNA and mouse chromosomes and observed that following certain pretreatment the centromeric regions of mouse chromosomes were more densely stained by Giemsa stain than other regions. The darkly stained regions were considered to consist of constitutive heterochromatin. Similar observations were later made on human chromosomes by Arrighi and Hsu2 and Gagné et al.3. Through modifications of the original methods used in the DNA hybridization work, techniques have been developed which make each chromosome identifiable4–6. 相似文献
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Transposable elements were first discovered in maize by BarbaraMcClintock more than 40 years ago. Today it is apparent thattransposable elements are a common component of the geneticmaterial in virtually all organisms. The best studied maizetransposable elements belong to the Activator-Dissociation andSuppressor-mutator families. They are short DNA sequences thatconsist of genes required for mobility and regulation. Boththe expression and the mobility of transposable elements areregulated in development by a mechanism that relies on the methylationof element sequences critical for expression. Elements can bestably inactivated by the same mechanism, persisting in thegenome in a cryptic form for long periods. The ability of thehost organism to regulate the highly mutagenic transposableelements may be critical to their survival, as well as theirutility as agents of genomic change. 相似文献
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N. V. FEDOROFF 《Genetics》1994,136(1):1-10
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