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Tissue specific expression of rat peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase activity and mRNA 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
K M Braas D A Stoffers B A Eipper V May 《Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.)》1989,3(9):1387-1398
The tissue specific expression of peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase [(PAM) EC 1.14.17.3], an enzyme which catalyzes the formation of amidated bioactive peptides from their glycine-extended precursors, was examined in adult rat. Soluble and membrane-associated PAM enzymatic activities were determined, and the levels and size classes of PAM mRNA were examined by Northern blot analysis. PAM specific activity varied 1000-fold in the tissues examined, with highest levels in heart atrium, pituitary and salivary glands, and hypothalamus. The fraction of total PAM activity that was membrane associated varied from approximately 70% in heart atrium to 10% in neurointermediate pituitary lobe and thyroid gland. Levels of PAM mRNA varied over 300-fold. In the heart atrium, PAM mRNA accounts for more than 0.1% of the mRNA. For many tissues the ratio of total PAM specific activity to PAM mRNA levels was similar; however, PAM activity was higher than expected from mRNA levels in the salivary glands and lower than expected in several tissues, including heart ventricle. Three major size classes of PAM mRNA were identified among the tissues. Use of RNAse H indicated that differences in size were not due to the length of the poly(A) tail. The heart and central nervous system expressed PAM mRNA of the 4.2 kilobase (kb) and 3.8 kb size classes, while the remaining tissues expressed predominantly 3.8 kb and 3.6 kb classes; few tissues contained only one size class of PAM mRNA. The two major forms of PAM mRNA in adult heart atrium differ by the presence or absence of a 315 nucleotide segment in the protein coding region. Using a cDNA probe from within this segment, the 4.2 kb and 3.8 kb size classes of PAM mRNA in the central nervous system appeared to resemble those in the heart atrium. In the remaining tissues, a subset of PAM mRNAs in the 3.8 kb and 3.6 kb size classes hybridized with this probe, suggesting that additional forms of PAM mRNA are present. 相似文献
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Niels J. H. M. Gerrits Anita C. van Loenhoud Stan F. van den Berg Henk W. Berendse Elisabeth M. J. Foncke Martin Klein Diederick Stoffers Ysbrand D. van der Werf Odile A. van den Heuvel 《PloS one》2016,11(2)
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is often associated with cognitive deficits, although their severity varies considerably between patients. Recently, we used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to show that individual differences in gray matter (GM) volume relate to cognitive heterogeneity in PD. VBM does, however, not differentiate between cortical thickness (CTh) and surface area (SA), which might be independently affected in PD. We therefore re-analyzed our cohort using the surface-based method FreeSurfer, and investigated (i) CTh, SA, and (sub)cortical GM volume differences between 93 PD patients and 45 matched controls, and (ii) the relation between these structural measures and cognitive performance on six neuropsychological tasks within the PD group. We found cortical thinning in PD patients in the left pericalcarine gyrus, extending to cuneus, precuneus and lingual areas and left inferior parietal cortex, bilateral rostral middle frontal cortex, and right cuneus, and increased cortical surface area in the left pars triangularis. Within the PD group, we found negative correlations between (i) CTh of occipital areas and performance on a verbal memory task, (ii) SA and volume of the frontal cortex and visuospatial memory performance, and, (iii) volume of the right thalamus and scores on two verbal fluency tasks. Our primary findings illustrate that i) CTh and SA are differentially affected in PD, and ii) VBM and FreeSurfer yield non-overlapping results in an identical dataset. We argue that this discrepancy is due to technical differences and the subtlety of the PD-related structural changes. 相似文献
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Production of tailor-made fructans in sugar beet by expression of onion fructosyltransferase genes 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Weyens G Ritsema T Van Dun K Meyer D Lommel M Lathouwers J Rosquin I Denys P Tossens A Nijs M Turk S Gerrits N Bink S Walraven B Lefèbvre M Smeekens S 《Plant biotechnology journal》2004,2(4):321-327
The consumption of fructans as a low caloric food ingredient or dietary fibre is rapidly increasing due to health benefits. Presently, the most important fructan source is chicory, but these fructans have a simple linear structure and are prone to degradation. Additional sources of high-quality tailor-made fructans would provide novel opportunities for their use as food ingredients. Sugar beet is a highly productive crop that does not normally synthesize fructans. We have introduced specific onion fructosyltransferases into sugar beet. This resulted in an efficient conversion of sucrose into complex, onion-type fructans, without the loss of storage carbohydrate content. 相似文献
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Joyce L. Browne Sabine W. van Nievelt Emmanuel K. Srofenyoh Diederick E. Grobbee Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch 《PloS one》2015,10(4)
Objectives
Severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia are one of the major causes of maternal mortality globally. Reducing maternal morbidity and mortality demands optimizing quality of care. Criteria-based audits are a tool to define, assess and improve quality of care. The aim of this study was to determine applicability of a criteria-based audit to assess quality of care delivered to women with severe hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, and to assess adherence to protocols and quality of care provided at a regional hospital in Accra, Ghana.Methods
Checklists for management of severe preeclampsia, hypertensive emergency and eclampsia were developed in an audit cycle based on nine existing key clinical care protocols. Fifty cases were audited to assess quality of care, defined as adherence to protocols. Analysis was stratified for complicated cases, defined as (imminent) eclampsia, perinatal mortality and/or one or more WHO maternal near miss C-criteria.Results
Mean adherence to the nine protocols ranged from 15–85%. Protocols for ‘plan for delivery’ and ‘magnesium sulphate administration’ were best adhered to (85%), followed by adherence to protocols for ‘eclampsia’ (64%), ‘severe pre-eclampsia at admission’ (60%), ‘severe pre-eclampsia ward follow-up’ (53%) and ‘hypertensive emergency’ (53%). Protocols for monitoring were least adhered to (15%). No difference was observed for severe disease. Increased awareness, protocol-based training of staff, and clear task assignment were identified as contributors to better adherence.Conclusion
A criteria-based audit is an effective tool to determine quality of care, identify gaps in standard of care, and allow for monitoring and evaluation in a health facility, ultimately resulting in improved quality of care provided and reduced maternal morbidity and mortality. In our audit, good adherence was observed for plan for delivery and treatment with magnesium sulphate. Substandard adherence to a number of protocols was identified, and points towards opportunities for targeted improvement strategies. 相似文献7.
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MicroRNA (miRNA) play important roles in the development and physiological function of hematopoietic stem/progenitor and mature cell lineages. In addition, deregulated miRNA expression and subsequent gene expression changes are associated with hematologic diseases including myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia. This review focuses on myelopoiesis as a model to highlight the involvement of miRNA in the regulation of normal and malignant cellular signaling pathways. By incorporating miRNA regulation into well-established myeloid signal transduction pathways, we hope to shed light on targetable factors both upstream and downstream of miRNA signaling. These pathway-specific miRNA functions suggest scenarios wherein miRNA-based therapeutics may be beneficial either alone or in combination with current therapies. 相似文献
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S. A. M. Compiet R. T. A. Willemsen K. T. S. Konings H. E. J. H. Stoffers 《Netherlands heart journal》2018,26(7-8):377-384