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排序方式: 共有112条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
ras p21 and other Gn proteins are detected in mammalian cell lines by [gamma-35S]GTP gamma S binding
J G Comerford J R Gibson A P Dawson I Gibson 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1989,159(3):1269-1274
The presence of guanine nucleotide binding proteins in mouse and human cell lines was investigated using [gamma-35S]GTP gamma S and [gamma-32P]GTP. Cell lysate polypeptides were separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred to nitrocellulose. Incubation of the nitrocellulose blots with [gamma-35S]GTP gamma S identified 9 distinct GTP-binding polypeptides in all lysates. One of these is the ras oncogene product, p21, as demonstrated by subsequent immunochemical staining of the nitrocellulose blots. We have shown that this procedure provides a sensitive method for detection of p21 in culture cell lines. 相似文献
2.
The effects of the trichothecene mycotoxins (acetyl T-2 toxin, T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, palmityl T-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), deoxynivalenol (DON), and T-2 tetraol) on bovine platelet function were examined in homologous plasma stimulated with platelet activating factor (PAF). The mycotoxins inhibited platelet function with the following order of potency: acetyl T-2 toxin > palmityl T-2 toxin = DAS > HT-2 toxin = T-2 toxin. While T-2 tetraol was completely ineffective as an inhibitor, DON exhibited minimal inhibitory activity at concentrations above 10×10?4M. The stability of the platelet aggregates formed was significantly reduced in all mycotoxin treated platelets compared to that of the untreated PAF controls. It is suggested that the increased sensitivity of PAF stimulated bovine platelets to the more lipophilic mycotoxins may be related to their more efficient partitioning into the platelet membrane compared to the more hydrophilic compounds. 相似文献
3.
Hrushikesh S. Chaudhari Omkar S. Palkar KM Abha Mishra Kalyan K. Sethi 《Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology》2023,37(9):e23417
During the period of COVID-19, the occurrences of mucormycosis in immunocompromised patients have increased significantly. Mucormycosis (black fungus) is a rare and rapidly progressing fungal infection associated with high mortality and morbidity in India as well as globally. The causative agents for this infection are collectively called mucoromycetes which are the members of the order Mucorales. The diagnosis of the infection needs to be performed as soon as the occurrence of clinical symptoms which differs with types of Mucorales infection. Imaging techniques magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scan, culture testing, and microscopy are the approaches for the diagnosis. After the diagnosis of the infection is confirmed, rapid action is needed for the treatment in the form of antifungal therapy or surgery depending upon the severity of the infection. Delaying in treatment declines the chances of survival. In antifungal therapy, there are two approaches first-line therapy (monotherapy) and combination therapy. Amphotericin B ( 1 ) and isavuconazole ( 2 ) are the drugs of choice for first-line therapy in the treatment of mucormycosis. Salvage therapy with posaconazole ( 3 ) and deferasirox ( 4 ) is another approach for patients who are not responsible for any other therapy. Adjunctive therapy is also used in the treatment of mucormycosis along with first-line therapy, which involves hyperbaric oxygen and cytokine therapy. There are some drugs like VT-1161 ( 5 ) and APX001A ( 6 ), Colistin, SCH 42427, and PC1244 that are under clinical trials. Despite all these approaches, none can be 100% successful in giving results. Therefore, new medications with favorable or little side effects are required for the treatment of mucormycosis. 相似文献
4.
Cytochrome P-448 (mol wt 55,000 Daltons) from rabbit liver was purified to a specific content of 16.6 nmol/mg. Mice were immunised with this preparation, their spleens removed and dissociated lymphocytes hybridised with myeloma cells. Four monoclonal antibodies against cytochrome P-448 were raised and partially characterised. All four antibodies interacted with cytochrome P-448 in intact microsomal fractions and selectively immunoadsorbed cytochrome P-448 from solubilised microsomal preparations. One of the antibodies inhibited benzo[a] pyrene hydroxylase activity in a reconstituted system, one had no effect on activity and two increased activity. The possible applications of such antibodies are discussed. 相似文献
5.
Developing desorption isotherms for inorganic phosphorus (P) is a time-consuming and non-standardized procedure. Anion exchange
membranes (AEMs) have been successfully used in studies of P desorption kinetics and total membrane-desorbable P, but rarely
have they been used for developing P desorption isotherms. Our study had two objectives: (1) to evaluate the suitability of
using multiple strips of AEMs (termed the Multiple AEM Method) to develop P desorption isotherms; and (2) to compare the Multiple
AEM Method with a sequential-extraction approach using AEMs (termed the Sequential AEM Method) to determine if the manner
in which AEMs were used would influence the slope of the desorption isotherm, i.e. the partition coefficient. Both methods
yielded well-defined, but numerically different desorption isotherms for all levels of sorbed P. However, estimated K
d
values among methods were equivalent in the low and medium levels of P sorbed. The Multiple AEM method was quicker than the
Sequential AEM method, but both gave similar K
d
values in an agriculturally significant range of soil solution concentrations. These methods should be tested on a range
of soil type to determine their suitability in developing P desorption isotherms and to move toward method standardization
for desorption isotherms. 相似文献
6.
Matthew E. Wikstrom Peter Fleming Iain Comerford Shaun R. McColl Christopher E. Andoniou Mariapia A. Degli-Esposti 《Journal of virology》2013,87(14):7911-7920
Murine cytomegalovirus encodes numerous proteins that act on a variety of pathways to modulate the innate and adaptive immune responses. Here, we demonstrate that a chemokine-like protein encoded by murine cytomegalovirus activates the early innate immune response and delays adaptive immunity, thereby impairing viral clearance. The protein, m131/129 (also known as MCK-2), is not required to establish infection in the spleen; however, a mutant virus lacking m131/129 was cleared more rapidly from this organ. In the absence of m131/129 expression, there was enhanced activation of dendritic cells (DC), and virus-specific CD8+ T cells were recruited into the immune response earlier. Viral mutants lacking m131/129 elicited weaker production of alpha interferon (IFN-α) at 40 h postinfection, indicating that this protein exerts its effects during early rounds of viral replication in the spleen. Furthermore, while wild-type and mutant viruses activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) equally at this time, as measured by the upregulation of costimulatory molecules, the presence of m131/129 stimulated more pDC to secrete IFN-α, accounting for the stronger IFN-α response than from the wild-type virus. These data provide evidence for a novel immunomodulatory function of a viral chemokine and expose the multifunctionality of immune evasion proteins. In addition, these results broaden our understanding of the interplay between innate and adaptive immunity. 相似文献
7.
V KW Wong T Li B YK Law E DL Ma N C Yip F Michelangeli C KM Law M M Zhang K YC Lam P L Chan L Liu 《Cell death & disease》2013,4(7):e720
Autophagy is an important cellular process that controls cells in a normal homeostatic state by recycling nutrients to maintain cellular energy levels for cell survival via the turnover of proteins and damaged organelles. However, persistent activation of autophagy can lead to excessive depletion of cellular organelles and essential proteins, leading to caspase-independent autophagic cell death. As such, inducing cell death through this autophagic mechanism could be an alternative approach to the treatment of cancers. Recently, we have identified a novel autophagic inducer, saikosaponin-d (Ssd), from a medicinal plant that induces autophagy in various types of cancer cells through the formation of autophagosomes as measured by GFP-LC3 puncta formation. By computational virtual docking analysis, biochemical assays and advanced live-cell imaging techniques, Ssd was shown to increase cytosolic calcium level via direct inhibition of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase pump, leading to autophagy induction through the activation of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase–AMP-activated protein kinase–mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. In addition, Ssd treatment causes the disruption of calcium homeostasis, which induces endoplasmic reticulum stress as well as the unfolded protein responses pathway. Ssd also proved to be a potent cytotoxic agent in apoptosis-defective or apoptosis-resistant mouse embryonic fibroblast cells, which either lack caspases 3, 7 or 8 or had the Bax-Bak double knockout. These results provide a detailed understanding of the mechanism of action of Ssd, as a novel autophagic inducer, which has the potential of being developed into an anti-cancer agent for targeting apoptosis-resistant cancer cells. 相似文献
8.
Yalda A. Kharaz Simon R. Tew Mandy Peffers Elizabeth G. Canty‐Laird Eithne Comerford 《Proteomics》2016,16(10):1547-1556
Tendons and ligaments (T/Ls) play key roles in the musculoskeletal system, but they are susceptible to traumatic or age‐related rupture, leading to severe morbidity as well as increased susceptibility to degenerative joint diseases such as osteoarthritis. Tissue engineering represents an attractive therapeutic approach to treating T/L injury but it is hampered by our poor understanding of the defining characteristics of the two tissues. The present study aimed to determine differences in the proteomic profile between native T/Ls and tissue engineered (TE) T/L constructs. The canine long digital extensor tendon and anterior cruciate ligament were analyzed along with 3D TE fibrin‐based constructs created from their cells. Native tendon and ligament differed in their content of key structural proteins, with the ligament being more abundant in fibrocartilaginous proteins. 3D T/L TE constructs contained less extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and had a greater proportion of cellular‐associated proteins than native tissue, corresponding to their low collagen and high DNA content. Constructs were able to recapitulate native T/L tissue characteristics particularly with regard to ECM proteins. However, 3D T/L TE constructs had similar ECM and cellular protein compositions indicating that cell source may not be an important factor for T/L tissue engineering. 相似文献
9.
Pine plantations of the southeastern USA are regional carbon (C) sinks. In spite of large increases in woody biomass due to
advanced growing systems, studies have shown little or even negative effects on the C content of the extremely sandy soils
of this region. Hence, it is important to understand the mechanisms that determine the impact of intensive forest management
on soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. This study was conducted to examine the C profile in a 4-year-old loblolly pine
(Pinus taeda L.) plantation managed under two levels of management intensity (chemical understory control and fertilizer inputs). Soil
organic C and nitrogen (N) pools were evaluated using two size fractionation methods, dry and wet sieving (2000–250 μm, 250–150 μm,
150–53 μm and <53 μm). Dry sieving was preferred over wet sieving for soil size fractionation, as it preserved more structure
and water-soluble SOC components such as esters and amides and did not affect the N distribution. Diffuse Reflectance Infrared
Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) spectra were used to examine the chemical composition of the size fractions, which
showed the presence of recently added organic matter in the largest sand fraction, as well as more decomposed organic matter
in the <53 μm fraction. Intensive forest management reduced SOC in all three 2000–53 μm fractions, most likely due to reduced
root input of understory plants that were controlled using herbicides. The 2000–250 μm fractions contained nearly half of
the total SOC and showed a 23% decrease in C content due to the intensive management regime. Results from this study indicated
the significance and responsiveness of sand size SOC fractions in Florida Spodosols. Results also showed that reductions in
SOC due to intensive management occurred after four years and highlighted the need to understand the long-term impacts and
the mechanisms responsible.
Responsible Editor: Barbara Wick 相似文献
10.
Parthenolide sensitizes cells to X-ray-induced cell killing through inhibition of NF-kappaB and split-dose repair 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Mendonca MS Chin-Sinex H Gomez-Millan J Datzman N Hardacre M Comerford K Nakshatri H Nye M Benjamin L Mehta S Patino F Sweeney C 《Radiation research》2007,168(6):689-697
Human cancers have multiple alterations in cell signaling pathways that promote resistance to cytotoxic therapy such as X rays. Parthenolide is a sesquiterpene lactone that has been shown to inhibit several pro-survival cell signaling pathways, induce apoptosis, and enhance chemotherapy-induced cell killing. We investigated whether parthenolide would enhance X-ray-induced cell killing in radiation resistant, NF-kappaB-activated CGL1 cells. Treatment with 5 microM parthenolide for 48 to 72 h inhibited constitutive NF-kappaB binding and cell growth, reduced plating efficiency, and induced apoptosis through stabilization of p53 (TP53), induction of the pro-apoptosis protein BAX, and phosphorylation of BID. Parthenolide also enhanced radiation-induced cell killing, increasing the X-ray sensitivity of CGL1 cells by a dose modification factor of 1.6. Flow cytometry revealed that parthenolide reduced the percentage of X-ray-resistant S-phase cells due to induction of p21 waf1/cip1 (CDKN1A) and the onset of G1/S and G2/M blocks, but depletion of radioresistant S-phase cells does not explain the observed X-ray sensitization. Further studies demonstrated that the enhancement of X-ray-induced cell killing by parthenolide is due to inhibition of split-dose repair. 相似文献