世居及移居高原青少年最大有氧能力的特征

本文报道海拔３４１７ｍ和４２８０ｍ地区世居藏族和移居汉族青少年运动状态下心肺功能的对比研究。结果显示：３４１７ｍ和４２８０ｍ世居藏族的最大氧耗量、无氧阈值及最大心输出量都明显大于汉族,血氧饱和度（Ｓａｏ２）随运动负荷的增加而降低。海拔３４１７ｍ藏、汉族的△Ｓａｏ２分别为７．４６％和１０．０３％,４２８０ｍ处为８．５７％和１３．７５％,最大心率随海拔升高而下降。研究提示,藏族青少年有较高的最大有氧能力,反映了他们对低氧环境的适应优势。     

The phylogeny of the ant tribe Formicini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with the description of a new genus

Abstract. The holarctic ant tribe Formicini is revised, the new genus Bajcaridris described, and possible phylogenetic relationships are discussed. The subgenus Iberoformica is synonymized with Formica. A synopsis, diagnosis and keys to the genera are provided.     

Biofeedback training and human functional state control

Biofeedback (BFB) training paradigm has outstanding place among various approaches to non-phrarmacological human functional state correction. Being an universal way for voluntary self-regulation of physiological functions, it is characterized by efficacy, accessibility and absence of side effects. However, the lack of fundamental knowledge about the BFB mechanisms leads to existence of numerous difficulties and problems that seriously limit the BFB possibilities. Most difficulties seem to concern the problem of adequate choice of BFB type or parameter being voluntary controlled via feedback signals. Some ways to solve this problem are drown on the base of general systems theory. It is shown that BFB procedures could be especially effective in conditions of close interaction between the BFB mechanisms and the central regulatory mechanisms. Such interaction could be reacheb by utilization of certain characteristics of brain electrical activity reflected in the electroencephalogram (EEG). The most perspective seems to be the utilization of discrete narrow band EEG spectral components, individual resonance EEG oscillators or some correlates of human EEG amplitude modulation processes.     

New photoreactive cleavable reagents with (trifluoromethyl)diazirine group

Photoreactive cross-linking reagents that simultaneously contain a trifluoromethyldiazirine and an o-nitrobenzyl groups were synthesized for the first time. Photochemical properties of the reagents were studied, and the possibility of separate activation of the diazirine group and o-nitrobenzyl linker was shown.     

Again about the Fine Structure of the α Rhythm of Human EEG: Two Spectral Components in the Resting State

In order to study the fine structure of the EEG frequency band in the resting state, two-minute segments of baseline EEG derived from symmetrical frontal, central, parietal, and occipital areas of 16 male subjects were analyzed by Fast Fourier Transform by successively increasing the analysis epoch from 2 to 20 s with 0.5-s steps. It was shown that the EEG band at rest is a heterogeneous complex of two independent components that differ in the frequency, on average, by 0.9 ± 0.2 Hz. These components can exist in the Fourier spectrum either simultaneously or independently of each other, which is determined by experimentally-induced and natural shifts in the functional state of the system. Doublets of these components can be located on the frequency axis in any part of the range. This finding does not allow the a prioridivision of the band into the classical ₁, ₂, etc. subbands.     

Effects of chronic irradiation of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in Chernobyl exclusion zone

The quantitative "dose rate-effect" dependences are presented for the cytogenetic damages in the seedlings and apical meristem of Scots pine growing in the Chernobyl zone. The specific patterns of dynamics of formation of the morphological effects in the studied species are considered for the conditions of the internal and external chronic irradiation. The correlation dependencies are established for the irradiation effects appearing at the morphological and cell level. The assumption concerning the mechanism of the morphological changes formation is done.     

Destruction of human blood cells upon interaction with detonation nanodiamonds in experiments in vitro

The influence of nanodiamonds synthesized by detonation on human red and white blood cells in vitro was studied. Nine nanodiamond samples produced by different manufacturers and two samples of modified nanodiamonds with high colloidal stability were used in the study. It was shown that nanoparticles cause the destruction of white cells and the hemolysis of erythrocytes. Possible mechanisms of the desctructive effect of detonation nanodiamonds on blood-forming elements are discussed.