Changes in rat testis glandulocytes under deep hypothermia]

White mongrel rats weighing 180-220 g were daily cooled in water at 4-5 degrees C up to 21-23 degrees C in the rectum. The animals were killed on the 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25th days of experiment. The total amount of glandulocytes counted per a cross section of the tubule did not change throughout the experiment. The total weight of pictures of 100 glandulocytes (taken randomly), obtained through a drawing apparatus on a standard paper was reliably decreased by 28%. By the end of the observation period the amount of degenerating glandulocytes increased 2 times and that of slightly active in a functional respect so-called "small" glandulocytes increased 4 times, while the number of active ("large") glandulocytes diminished approximately 1,5 times. The activity of SDG and ICDG in interstitial cells dropped by 26% and 18%. The activity of LDG was 52% greater. The G-6-PhDG activity was 40% greater while the activity of clue enzyme steroidgenase--3beta-OSD under hypothermia was inhibited by 36%.     

Immunomodulating effect of cyclophosphamide on cytotoxic activity of rat and mouse splenocytes

The goal of this work consisted in study of the immunomodulating action of the cytostatic drug cyclophosphamide (CP) on the natural cytotoxic activity of rat and mice splenocytes. The cytotoxicity of effector cells (EC) with respect to monolayer cell lines of the Zajdela rat hepatoma and the HTC rat hepatoma and of the MH-22a mouse hepatoma was determined with the aid of morphometric analysis. CP at a dose of 100 mg/kg 48 h after administration to animals has been shown to produce an immunomodulating effect on cytotoxicity of splenocytes—a suppressive one with respect to cell-targets (CT) of Zajdela hepatoma and an immunopotentiating one with respect to CT of HTC and MH-22 hepatomas. Possible mechanisms of the CP immunopotentiating action are discussed.     

Anthocyanins of Basil Leaves: Determination and Preparation of Dried Encapsulated Forms

Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry - The anthocyanin composition of five purple leaves cultivars of Ocimum basilicum L. was investigated by reversed-phase HPLC with mass-spectrometric...     

The "air pouch" model in mice and a study of the wound fluid proteolytic activity

The experimental model of a cutaneous wound in mice has been offered, aimed to study the proteolytic activity of the wound fluid produced at early stages of wound healing, and to examine the continuous inflammatory state. The presence of metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the wound fluid matrix was found to correlate with the existence of neutrophils and macrophages in the tissue.     

Effect of melanins from black yeast fungi on cultured human cells. II. Differentiation of keratinocytes in vitro

Data on the influence of the black yeast melanin (3 samples) on the in vitro differentiation of human keratinocytes are presented. The effect of melanins was estimated by the morphological state of keratinocytes using electron microscopy. The obtained differences in the state of the formed multilayer keratinocyte sheets depended on the melanin sample.     

Enhancement of growth promoting activity of human blood on keratinocytes after its irradiation in vivo (transcutaneously) and in vitro with visible and infrared polarized light

To stimulate wound healing, current medicine uses various methods of phototherapy. The induced activation of proliferative processes in the wound occurs due to development of not only local, but also systemic processes, whose nature remains largely uninvestigated. The present work provides evidences that as early as 30 min after irradiation of a small area of the volunteer's body surface with polychromatic visible light + infrared polarized light (400-3400 nm, 95% of polarization) at a therapeutic dose (12 J/cm2), soluble factors appear in the circulating blood, which are able to stimulate proliferation of human keratinocytes in primary culture. A similar effect was also revealed after a direct blood irradiation. A proof is provided in favor of a hypothesis that a rapid rise of growth promoting activity of the entire circulating blood may be a consequence of transcutaneous photomodification of the small amount of light-modified blood in superficial skin vessels, and of the effect of such blood on its entire circulating volume. A possibility of a release into plasma of growth factors from blood cells and complexes with alpha 2-macroglobulin is discussed.     

Effects of extracellular matrix elements on pseudopodial activity of rat keratinocytes

Effects of extracellular matrix elements on the migration activity of keratinocytes have been studied in the primary culture obtained from newborn rats. Collagen of type I, matrigel, its fractions and the matrix produced by fibroblasts were used as substrata for cultivation. A method of migration activity estimation using latex spheres 0.8 mkm in diameter was first used. We have revealed that keratinocytes from the primary culture do not migrate on matrigel and fibroblast matrix, though displaying some pseudopodial activity. This activity dramatically increases on type I collagen, and a weak migration ability appears correlating with a particular structure of the actin cytoskeleton, i.e. with the appearance of special lamellopodia-connected filopodia.     

Distribution of mitochondrial NADH fluorescence lifetimes: steady-state kinetics of matrix NADH interactions

The lifetimes of fluorescent components of matrix NADH in isolated porcine heart mitochondria were investigated using time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Three distinct lifetimes of fluorescence were resolved: 0.4 (63%), 1.8 (30%), and 5.7 (7%) ns (% total NADH). The 0.4 ns lifetime and the emission wavelength of the short component were consistent with free NADH. In addition to their longer lifetimes, the remaining pools also had a blue-shifted emission spectrum consistent with immobilized NADH. On the basis of emission frequency and lifetime data, the immobilized pools contributed >80% of NADH fluorescence. The steady-state kinetics of NADH entering the immobilized pools was measured in intact mitochondria and in isolated mitochondrial membranes. The apparent binding constants (K(D)s) for NADH in intact mitochondria, 2.8 mM (1.9 ns pool) and >3 mM (5.7 ns pool), were on the order of the estimated matrix [NADH] (approximately 3.5 mM). The affinities and fluorescence lifetimes resulted in an essentially linear relationship between matrix [NADH] and NADH fluorescence intensity. Mitochondrial membranes had shorter emission lifetimes in the immobilized poo1s [1 ns (34%) and 4.1 ns (8%)] with much higher apparent K(D)s of 100 microM and 20 microM, respectively. The source of the stronger NADH binding affinity in membranes is unknown but could be related to high order structure or other cofactors that are diluted out in the membrane preparation. In both preparations, the rate of NADH oxidation was proportional to the amount of NADH in the long lifetime pools, suggesting that a significant fraction of the bound NADH might be associated with oxidative phosphorylation, potentially in complex 1.     

Polyarchal spindles in higher plant meiosis

Morphogenesis and functioning of polyarchal spindles in higher plant meiosis were studied. A mechanism of anastral spindle formation in discussed.