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In a study of 50 cases of bronchogenic carcinoma in which brushings and washings during fiberoptic bronchoscopy, as well as sputum cytopathologic examinations were performed in the same patients, accuracy rates were respectively: 76 per cent, 76 per cent and 56 per cent. The main cytologic differences setting brush apart from wash and sputum specimens referred to the arrangement of tumor cells as well as the distribution of chromatin within their nuclei. These differences appeared related to cell degeneration which was minimal in brush materials and maximum in sputum specimens. Only six cases were assigned a different cell type of bronchogenic carcinoma when brush cytopathologic diagnoses were compared with results obtained by biopsy or lobectomy specimens. Our findings are consistent with the view that the brush technique is very accurate for the cytodiagnosis of lung cancer and becomes also rather specific once cytologic characteristics of the fresher samples obtained become familiar to the cytopathologist. Non-observance of the special characteristics of these better preserved cellular samples is the major pitfall as to diagnosing, cell typing and judging degree of differentiation of bronchogenic carcinoma in brush cytology specimens. 相似文献
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Che-Ying Kuo Mariya Shevchuk Justin Opfermann Ting Guo Marco Santoro John P. Fisher Peter CW Kim 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》2019,116(1):181-192
Trophoblast invasion and remodeling of the maternal spiral arteries are required for pregnancy success. Aberrant endothelium–trophoblast crosstalk may lead to preeclampsia, a pregnancy complication that has serious effects on both the mother and the baby. However, our understanding of the mechanisms involved in this pathology remains elementary because the current in vitro models cannot describe trophoblast–endothelium interactions under dynamic culture. In this study, we developed a dynamic three-dimensional (3D) placenta model by bioprinting trophoblasts and an endothelialized lumen in a perfusion bioreactor. We found the 3D printed perfusion bioreactor system significantly augmented responses of endothelial cells by encouraging network formations and expressions of angiogenic markers, cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). Bioprinting favored colocalization of trophoblasts with endothelial cells, similar to in vivo observations. Additional analysis revealed that trophoblasts reduced the angiogenic responses by reducing network formation and motility rates while inducing apoptosis of endothelial cells. Moreover, the presence of endothelial cells appeared to inhibit trophoblast invasion rates. These results clearly demonstrated the utility and potential of bioprinting and perfusion bioreactor system to model trophoblast–endothelium interactions in vitro. Our bioprinted placenta model represents a crucial step to develop advanced research approach that will expand our understanding and treatment options of preeclampsia and other pregnancy-related pathologies. 相似文献
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Quinlan ME Hilgert S Bedrossian A Mullins RD Kerkhoff E 《The Journal of cell biology》2007,179(1):117-128
Spire and Cappuccino are actin nucleation factors that are required to establish the polarity of Drosophila melanogaster oocytes. Their mutant phenotypes are nearly identical, and the proteins interact biochemically. We find that the interaction between Spire and Cappuccino family proteins is conserved across metazoan phyla and is mediated by binding of the formin homology 2 (FH2) domain from Cappuccino (or its mammalian homologue formin-2) to the kinase noncatalytic C-lobe domain (KIND) from Spire. In vitro, the KIND domain is a monomeric folded domain. Two KIND monomers bind each FH2 dimer with nanomolar affinity and strongly inhibit actin nucleation by the FH2 domain. In contrast, formation of the Spire-Cappuccino complex enhances actin nucleation by Spire. In Drosophila oocytes, Spire localizes to the cortex early in oogenesis and disappears around stage 10b, coincident with the onset of cytoplasmic streaming. 相似文献
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Granja Nde M Ricardo SA Longatto Filho A Alves VA Bedrossian CW Wiley EL Schmitt FC 《Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology / the International Academy of Cytology [and] American Society of Cytology》2005,27(2):61-66
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the presence of allelic loss in 16q22.1, including the locus of E-cadherin, in pleural effusions in breast cancer patients. STUDY DESIGN: Molecular analysis of DNA was performed using a DNA extraction kit (NucleoSpin, Macherey-Nagel, Germany). Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in primary tumors and pleural effusions was analyzed using a microsatellite marker of the CDH1 gene, D16S265, described in previous studies. LOH was evaluated by radioactive polymerase chain reaction assay in 17 samples of pleural effusions and breast tissues (primary tumors and nonneoplastic adjacent tissue) from breast cancer patients: 7 positive for neoplastic cells, 6 suspected and 4 cases without evidence of neoplastic cells in the effusions. RESULTS: Thirteen cases (76%) were informative. LOH was detected in 5 cases (38.5%). In 3 of them LOH was detected only in the cytologic sample, and in 2 of them LOH was detected in the primary tumor and cytologic sample. CONCLUSION: Results show that LOH in the CDH1 gene can identify tumor cells in pleural effusions when morphologic analysis is difficult. 相似文献
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Woo JA Jung AR Lakshmana MK Bedrossian A Lim Y Bu JH Park SA Koo EH Mook-Jung I Kang DE 《Cell death and differentiation》2012,19(9):1413-1423
Neurodegeneration associated with amyloid β (Aβ) peptide accumulation, synaptic loss, neuroinflammation, tauopathy, and memory impairments encompass the pathophysiological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We previously reported that the scaffolding protein RanBP9, which is overall increased in brains of AD patients, simultaneously promotes Aβ generation and focal adhesion disruption by accelerating the endocytosis of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and β1-integrin, respectively. Here, we show that RanBP9 protein levels are increased by fourfold in FAD mutant APP transgenic mice. Accordingly, RanBP9 transgenic mice demonstrate significantly increased synapse loss, neurodegeneration, gliosis, and spatial memory deficits. RanBP9 overexpression promotes apoptosis and potentiates Aβ-induced neurotoxicity independent of its capacity to promote Aβ generation. Conversely, RanBP9 reduction by siRNA or gene dosage mitigates Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. Importantly, RanBP9 activates/dephosphorylates cofilin, a key regulator of actin dynamics and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, and siRNA knockdown of cofilin abolishes both Aβ and RanBP9-induced apoptosis. These findings implicate the RanBP9-cofilin pathway as critical therapeutic targets not only for stemming Aβ generation but also antagonizing Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. 相似文献
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This article gives an overview of anthropological research on bioprospecting in general and of available literature related to bioprospecting particularly in South Africa. It points out how new insights on value regimes concerning plant-based medicines may be gained through further research and is meant to contribute to a critical discussion about the ethics of Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS). In South Africa, traditional healers, plant gatherers, petty traders, researchers and private investors are assembled around the issues of standardization and commercialization of knowledge about plants. This coincides with a nation-building project which promotes the revitalization of local knowledge within the so called African Renaissance. A social science analysis of the transformation of so called Traditional Medicine (TM) may shed light onto this renaissance by tracing social arenas in which different regimes of value are brought into conflict. When medicinal plants turn into assets in a national and global economy, they seem to be manipulated and transformed in relation to their capacity to promote health, their market value, and their potential to construct new ethics of development. In this context, the translation of socially and culturally situated local knowledge about muthi into global pharmaceuticals creates new forms of agency as well as new power differentials between the different actors involved. 相似文献
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Michael CW Chan Renee WY Chan Wendy CL Yu Carol CC Ho WH Chui CK Lo Kit M Yuen Yi Guan John M Nicholls JS Malik Peiris 《Respiratory research》2009,10(1):102