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1.
2.
Vikas Yadav Patade Sujata Bhargava Penna Suprasanna 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》2012,108(2):279-286
In order to discriminate between the ionic and osmotic components of salt stress, sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L. cv. Co 86032) calli were cultured on media containing NaCl or polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000 that exerted the same osmotic
pressure (−0.7 MPa). PEG stress exposure for 15 days led to significant growth reduction and loss in water content than salt
stressed and control tissues. Osmotic adjustment (OA) was observed in callus tissues grown on salt, but was not evident in
callus grown on PEG. Oxidative damage to membranes, estimated in terms of accumulation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances-TBARS
and electrolytic leakage was significantly higher in both the stressed calli than the control however, the extent of damage
was more in the PEG stressed calli. The stressed callus tissues showed inhibition of ascorbate peroxidase activity, while
catalase activity was increased. These results indicate sensitivity of cells to PEG-mediated stress than salt stress and differences
in their OA to these two stress conditions. The sensitivity to the osmotic stress indicate that expression of the stress tolerance
response requires the coordinated action of different tissues in a plant and hence was not expressed at the cellular level. 相似文献
3.
For estimation of growth, the efficiency of linked cross sectional scheme has been compared with pure longitudinal and cross sectional schemes. The relevant estimation theory has been developed and the expressions for the optimum estimators alongwith their variances have been derived. It has been observed that for estimation of growth, the linked cross-sectional scheme has been observed to be less efficient as compared to pure longitudinal scheme but more efficient than pure cross-sectional scheme. 相似文献
4.
R. R. Yadav 《Journal of biosciences》2009,34(5):699-707
Tree-ring analyses from semi-arid to arid regions in western Himalaya show immense potential for developing millennia long
climate records. Millennium and longer ring-width chronologies of Himalayan pencil juniper (Juniperus polycarpos), Himalayan pencil cedar (Cedrus deodara) and Chilgoza pine (Pinus gerardiana) have been developed from different sites in western Himalaya. Studies conducted so far on various conifer species indicate
strong precipitation signatures in ring-width measurement series. The paucity of weather records from stations close to tree-ring
sampling sites poses difficulty in calibrating tree-ring data against climate data especially precipitation for its strong
spatial variability in mountain regions. However, for the existence of strong coherence in temperature, even in data from
distant stations, more robust temperature reconstructions representing regional and hemispheric signatures have been developed.
Tree-ring records from the region indicate multi-century warm and cool anomalies consistent with the Medieval Warm Period
and Little Ice Age anomalies.
Significant relationships noted between mean premonsoon temperature over the western Himalaya and ENSO features endorse utility
of climate records from western Himalayan region in understanding long-term climate variability and attribution of anthropogenic
impact. 相似文献
5.
6.
Genes encoding wild type acetolactate synthase (ALS) and a sulfonylurea herbicide-resistant form of the enzyme, isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana, were expressed in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum plants under the control of their native promoters or of the highly active cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Expression of the wild type coding region from the 35S promoter resulted in a small, threefold increase in sulfonylurea tolerance above the levels measured in tissue expressing the native wild type gene. A much larger, 300-fold increase in herbicide tolerance was conferred by the mutant gene encoding a herbicide-resistant ALS. An additional 10-fold increase in tolerance was attained by expressing this coding region from the 35S promoter. The increase in both wild type and mutant gene expression directed by the 35S promoter resulted in over 25-fold higher levels of ALS messenger RNA in some transformants as compared with those expressing the native genes. However, ALS specific activity increased at most twofold, indicating that the amount of functional enzyme and messenger RNA are not correlated. 相似文献
7.
A complete three-dimensional structure of the Klenow fragment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I (pol I) has been proposed on the basis of molecular modeling and molecular mechanics studies using available C alpha coordinates. The structure seems quite reliable because the overall surface of electrostatic potentials calculated for the molecularly modeled enzyme closely resembles that reported for the X-ray structure. The modeled structure is then used in developing a ternary complex of dTTP and (dA)25-(dT)14 poised in its active site. The orientation of both substrates in the ternary complex was primarily guided by the amino acid residues which had been known to interact with dNTP and DNA substrates from earlier studies. The proposed model (a) explains the geometrical and physicochemical relationship of the two substrates with the various critical amino acid residues involved in the binding process and (b) suggests possible roles for additional residues in the binding and/or polymerization reaction. Furthermore, the ternary complex appears to satisfy many biochemical and genetic data concerning catalytic requirements known to exist for the polymerization reaction. 相似文献
8.
An in vitro procedure for large scale multiplication of Sterculia urens Roxb. (Gum Kadaya Tree) has been developed using cotyledonary node segments. An average of 4.0 shoots per node were obtained on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium containing 2.0 mgl–1 6-benzyl amino-purine (BAP) within 21 days of initial culture. Upon subsequent subculture 16 shoots/node could be harvested every three weeks and upto three times. Sixty per cent of the shoots were successfully rooted. Rooted plantlets were transferred to plastic pots containing soil under mist house conditions before they were finally exposed to an external environment. Fifty seven per cent of the plantlets survived in nursery sheds. 相似文献
9.
A. Mukhopadhyay N. Arumugam A. K. Pradhan H. N. Murthy B. S. Yadav Y. S. Sodhi D. Pental 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1994,89(1):19-25
Oilseed crop Brassica carinata BBCC is a natural allotetraploid of diploid species B. nigra BB and B. oleracea CC. To transfer the nuclear and organelle genes in a concerted manner from an alien species, B. tournefortii TT, to B. carinata, we produced somatic hybrids with genomic configuration TCBB using B. nigra and B. oleracea stocks that carried selectable marker genes. B. tournefortii TT was sexually crossed with hygromycin-resistant B. oleracea CC. Protoplasts isolated from shoot cultures of hygromycin-resistant F1 hybrids of B. tournefortiixB. oleracea TC were fused with protoplasts of kanamycin-resistant B. nigra BB. In two different fusion experiments 80 colonies were obtained through selection on media containing both hygromycin and kanamycin. Of these, 39 colonies regenerated into plants. Analysis of 15 regenerants by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers showed the presence of all three genomes, thereby confirming these to be true hybrids. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of organelle genomes with heterologous chloroplast (cp)and mitochondrial (mt) DNA probes showed that the chloroplast genome was inherited from either of the two parents while mitochondrial genomes predominantly showed novel configurations due to either rearrangements or intergenomic recombinations. We anticipate that the TCBB genomic configuration will provide a more conducive situation for recombination between the T and C genomes during meiosis than the TTCCBB or TCCBB type configurations that are usually produced for alien gene transfer. The agronomic aim of producing TCBB hybrids is to transfer mitochondrial genes conferring cytoplasmic male sterility and nuclear genes for fertility restoration from B. tournefortii to B. carinata. 相似文献
10.
Cloning of a higher-plant plastid omega-6 fatty acid desaturase cDNA and its expression in a cyanobacterium. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4 下载免费PDF全文
W D Hitz T J Carlson J R Booth Jr A J Kinney K L Stecca N S Yadav 《Plant physiology》1994,105(2):635-641
Oligomers based on amino acids conserved between known plant omega-3 and cyanobacterium omega-6 fatty acid desaturases were used to screen an Arabidopsis cDNA library for related sequences. An identified clone encoding a novel desaturase-like polypeptide was used to isolate its homologs from Glycine max and Brassica napus. The plant deduced amino acid sequences showed less than 27% similarity to known plant omega-6 and omega-3 desaturases but more than 48% similarity to cyanobacterial omega-6 desaturase, and they contained putative plastid transit sequences. Thus, we deduce that the plant cDNAs encode the plastid omega-6 desaturase. The identity was supported by expression of the B. napus cDNA in cyanobacterium. Synechococcus transformed with a chimeric gene that contains a prokaryotic promoter fused to the rapeseed cDNA encoding all but the first 73 amino acids partially converted its oleic acid fatty acid to linoleic acid, and the 16:1(9c) fatty acid was converted primarily to 16:2(9c, 12) in vivo. Thus, the plant omega-6 desaturase, which utilizes 16:1(7c) in plants, can utilize 16:1(9c) in the cyanobacterium. The plastid and cytosolic homologs of plant omega-6 desaturases are much more distantly related than those of omega-3 desaturases. 相似文献