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1.
We have screened numerous different yeast species for the presence of sequences homologous to the intron of the mitochondrial 21S rRNA gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (intron r1) and found them in all Kluyveromyces species, some of the Saccharomyces species and none of the other yeasts tested. We have determined the nucleotide sequence of the r1-intron in K. thermotolerans and compared it with that of S. cerevisiae. The two introns are inserted at the same position within the 21S rRNA gene. They contain homologous internal open reading frames (ORFs) initiated at the same AUG codon which can be aligned over their entire length. Several silent multi-substitutions indicate that these intronic ORFs represent selectively conserved functional genes. Other intron segments, on the contrary, reveal short blocks of extensive homology separated by non-homologous stretches and/or additions-deletions. Comparison of our two yeast r1-introns with equivalent introns of N. crassa and A. nidulans mitochondria reveals that introns with very similar RNA secondary structures can accommodate different types of ORFs. 相似文献
2.
Daneva T Spinedi E Hadid R Jacquier MC Giacomini M Gaillard RC 《Mediators of inflammation》1993,2(2):123-127
The potential role of endogenous sex hormones in regulating hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function was investigated after a single injection of endotoxin in adult (8 week old) BALB/c mice of both sexes. The effect of LPS on plasma ACTH, corticosterone (B), testosterone and oestradiol (E) levels and on anterior pituitary (AP) ACTH and adrenal B contents at different times after treatment was studied. The results indicate that: (a) basal B but not ACTH plasma levels were significantly higher in female than in male mice; (b) LPS significantly increased both ACTH and B plasma levels over the baseline 2 h after injection, both hormone levels being higher in female than in male mice; (c) although plasma ACTH concentrations recovered the basal value at 72 h after LPS in animals of both sexes, plasma B levels returned to the baseline only at 120 h after treatment; (d) E plasma levels significantly increased 2 h after LPS and returned to the baseline at 72 h post-treatment, in both sexes; (e) at 2 h after LPS, testosterone plasma levels significantly decreased in male mice and increased in female mice, recovering the baseline level at 120 and 72 h after LPS, respectively; (f) AP ACTH content was similar in both sexes in basal condition and it was significantly diminished 72 h post-treatment without sex difference; whereas AP ACTH returned to basal content 120 h after LPS in males, it remained significantly decreased in females; (g) basal adrenal B content was higher in female than in male mice, and it significantly increased in both sexes 2 h post-LPS, maintaining this sex difference. Whereas adrenal B returned to basal content 72 h after treatment in male mice, it remained significantly enhanced up to 120 h post-LPS in female animals. The data demonstrate the existence of a clear sexual dimorphism in basal condition and during the acute phase response as well as in the recovery of the HPA axis function shortly after infection. 相似文献
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4.
Jan Derksen Bart Knuiman Karin Hoedemaekers Anouchka Guyon Sandrine Bonhomme Elisabeth S. Pierson 《Sexual plant reproduction》2002,15(3):133-139
Tricellular pollen tubes of Arabidopsis thaliana were cultured in vitro on solid media and studied with respect to growth, cellular organization and ultrastructure, cytoskeletal organization, organelle movement, deposition and structure of the wall and the occurrence of coated pits, all elements assumed to be relevant for tip growth. For our ultrastructural studies we used freeze fixation and freeze substitution. Although Arabidopsis pollen tubes are broadly similar to those of bicellular species such as Nicotiana tabacum and Lilium spec. and in vivo grown pollen tubes of Arabidopsis, some differences occurred. The density of the equally distributed, relatively small (85 nm) secretory vesicles (SV) in the tip is low (five/µm 2). In between the SV of the tip, membranous material, possibly smooth endoplasmic reticulum, fragments of rough endoplasmic reticulum and loose ribosomes are present. The wall in the tip is not amorphous but layered and a secondary wall is formed already in the flanks of the tip. The general pattern of organelle motion is reverse fountain-like, but individual organelles move in distinct lanes at speeds of up to 2 µm/s, and about half of the organelle population shows a moderate velocity or Brownian movement. These properties are discussed in relation to the low growth rate (10 µm/h) of Arabidopsis pollen grown in vitro. The two similar sperm cells are closely attached and are always found near the vegetative nucleus. No surrounding wall and no cytoskeletal elements were obvious in the sperm cells. The preferential location of the mitochondria at the wall and the large (up to 400 nm) coated pits are unique for angiosperm pollen tubes. The size of the coated pits may allow not only membrane retrieval but also pinocytosis. 相似文献
5.
Peyroche G Saveanu C Dauplais M Lazard M Beuneu F Decourty L Malabat C Jacquier A Blanquet S Plateau P 《PloS one》2012,7(5):e36343
Hydrogen selenide is a recurrent metabolite of selenium compounds. However, few experiments studied the direct link between this toxic agent and cell death. To address this question, we first screened a systematic collection of Saccharomyces cerevisiae haploid knockout strains for sensitivity to sodium selenide, a donor for hydrogen selenide (H(2)Se/HSe(-/)Se(2-)). Among the genes whose deletion caused hypersensitivity, homologous recombination and DNA damage checkpoint genes were over-represented, suggesting that DNA double-strand breaks are a dominant cause of hydrogen selenide toxicity. Consistent with this hypothesis, treatment of S. cerevisiae cells with sodium selenide triggered G2/M checkpoint activation and induced in vivo chromosome fragmentation. In vitro, sodium selenide directly induced DNA phosphodiester-bond breaks via an O(2)-dependent reaction. The reaction was inhibited by mannitol, a hydroxyl radical quencher, but not by superoxide dismutase or catalase, strongly suggesting the involvement of hydroxyl radicals and ruling out participations of superoxide anions or hydrogen peroxide. The (?)OH signature could indeed be detected by electron spin resonance upon exposure of a solution of sodium selenide to O(2). Finally we showed that, in vivo, toxicity strictly depended on the presence of O(2). Therefore, by combining genome-wide and biochemical approaches, we demonstrated that, in yeast cells, hydrogen selenide induces toxic DNA breaks through an O(2)-dependent radical-based mechanism. 相似文献
6.
Saveanu C Namane A Gleizes PE Lebreton A Rousselle JC Noaillac-Depeyre J Gas N Jacquier A Fromont-Racine M 《Molecular and cellular biology》2003,23(13):4449-4460
Ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes depends on the coordinated action of ribosomal and nonribosomal proteins that guide the assembly of preribosomal particles. These intermediate particles follow a maturation pathway in which important changes in their protein composition occur. The mechanisms involved in the coordinated assembly of the ribosomal particles are poorly understood. We show here that the association of preribosomal factors with pre-60S complexes depends on the presence of earlier factors, a phenomenon essential for ribosome biogenesis. The analysis of the composition of purified preribosomal complexes blocked in maturation at specific steps allowed us to propose a model of sequential protein association with, and dissociation from, early pre-60S complexes for several preribosomal factors such as Mak11, Ssf1, Rlp24, Nog1, and Nog2. The presence of either Ssf1 or Nog2 in complexes that contain the 27SB pre-rRNA defines novel, distinct pre-60S particles that contain the same pre-rRNA intermediates and that differ only by the presence or absence of specific proteins. Physical and functional interactions between Rlp24 and Nog1 revealed that the assembly steps are, at least in part, mediated by direct protein-protein interactions. 相似文献
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8.
Comparative tumor morphogenesis of two human colon adenocarcinoma cell clones xenografted in the immunosuppressed newborn rat 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lionel Rémy Marie-France Jacquier Noucha Daémi Jean-François Doré Jean-Claude Lissitzky 《Differentiation; research in biological diversity》1993,54(3):191-200
Abstract. Involucrin is a precursor of the keratinocyte cornified envelope that is specifically expressed in the suprabasal layers of the epidermis and other stratifying squamous epithelia. To study involucrin gene expression and the function of involucrin, we expressed a 6 kb DNA fragment of the human involucrin gene, containing approximately 2.5 kb of upstream sequence and 0.5 kb of downstream sequence, in transgenic mice. The transgene produces a 68 kDa protein that is detected by a human involucrin-specific antibody, and is expressed in a tissuespecific and differentiation-appropriate manner (i.e., expression is confined to the suprabasal layers of the epidermis, extocervix, trachea, esophagus and conjunctiva).
Soluble involucrin levels are two to four times higher in transgenic epidermal keratinocytes compared to human foreskin keratinocytes. Newborn heterozygous animals have a normal birth weight and a normal appearing epidermis and hair growth begins at 4 to 5 days of age (i.e., the same time as hair growth in non-transgenic animals). In a subpopulation of the newborn homozygous animals birth weight is reduced, the epidermis is scaly and hair growth begins late, at around 9 to 10 days of age. In addition, the hair tends to stand erect on both heterozygous and homozygous adult animals giving the appearance of diffuse alopecia.
Immunofluorescent and electron microscopy localize involucrin in the hair follicle and cornified envelope, respectively. These results suggest that overexpression of involucrin may cause abnormalities in hair follicle structure/function and cornified envelope structure. These animals provide a new model for the study of cornified envelope structure and function. 相似文献
Soluble involucrin levels are two to four times higher in transgenic epidermal keratinocytes compared to human foreskin keratinocytes. Newborn heterozygous animals have a normal birth weight and a normal appearing epidermis and hair growth begins at 4 to 5 days of age (i.e., the same time as hair growth in non-transgenic animals). In a subpopulation of the newborn homozygous animals birth weight is reduced, the epidermis is scaly and hair growth begins late, at around 9 to 10 days of age. In addition, the hair tends to stand erect on both heterozygous and homozygous adult animals giving the appearance of diffuse alopecia.
Immunofluorescent and electron microscopy localize involucrin in the hair follicle and cornified envelope, respectively. These results suggest that overexpression of involucrin may cause abnormalities in hair follicle structure/function and cornified envelope structure. These animals provide a new model for the study of cornified envelope structure and function. 相似文献
9.
Reyes Babiano Gwenael Badis Cosmin Saveanu Abdelkader Namane Antonia Doyen Antonio Díaz-Quintana Alain Jacquier Micheline Fromont-Racine Jesús de la Cruz 《Nucleic acids research》2013,41(20):9461-9470
Ribosome biogenesis requires >300 assembly factors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ribosome assembly factors Imp3, Mrt4, Rlp7 and Rlp24 have sequence similarity to ribosomal proteins S9, P0, L7 and L24, suggesting that these pre-ribosomal factors could be placeholders that prevent premature assembly of the corresponding ribosomal proteins to nascent ribosomes. However, we found L7 to be a highly specific component of Rlp7-associated complexes, revealing that the two proteins can bind simultaneously to pre-ribosomal particles. Cross-linking and cDNA analysis experiments showed that Rlp7 binds to the ITS2 region of 27S pre-rRNAs, at two sites, in helix III and in a region adjacent to the pre-rRNA processing sites C1 and E. However, L7 binds to mature 25S and 5S rRNAs and cross-linked predominantly to helix ES7Lb within 25S rRNA. Thus, despite their predicted structural similarity, our data show that Rlp7 and L7 clearly bind at different positions on the same pre-60S particles. Our results also suggest that Rlp7 facilitates the formation of the hairpin structure of ITS2 during 60S ribosomal subunit maturation. 相似文献
10.
The p21-activated protein kinase inhibitor Skb15 and its budding yeast homologue are 60S ribosome assembly factors 下载免费PDF全文
Saveanu C Rousselle JC Lenormand P Namane A Jacquier A Fromont-Racine M 《Molecular and cellular biology》2007,27(8):2897-2909
Ribosome biogenesis is driven by a large number of preribosomal factors that associate with and dissociate from the preribosomal particles along the maturation pathway. We have previously shown that budding yeast Mak11, whose homologues in other eukaryotes were described as modulating a p21-activated protein kinase function, accumulates in Rlp24-associated pre-60S complexes when their maturation is impeded in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The functional inactivation of WD40 repeat protein Mak11 interfered with the 60S rRNA maturation, led to a cell cycle delay in G(1), and blocked green fluorescent protein-tagged Rpl25 in the nucleoli of yeast cells, indicating an early role of Mak11 in ribosome assembly. Surprisingly, Mak11 inactivation also led to a dramatic destabilization of Rlp24. The suppression of the thermosensitive phenotype of a mak11 mutant by RLP24 overexpression and a direct in vitro interaction between Rlp24 and Mak11 suggest that Mak11 acts as an Rlp24 cofactor during early steps of 60S ribosomal subunit assembly. Moreover, we found that Skb15, the Mak11 homologue in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, also associated with preribosomes and affected 60S biogenesis in fission yeast. It is thus likely that the previously observed phenotypes for MAK11 homologues in other eukaryotes are secondary to the main function of these proteins in ribosome formation. 相似文献