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排序方式: 共有115条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
Buba Ibrahim Ahmed Aliya Abubakar Sani Yusuf Ringim Namwa Voncir 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2013,46(7):650-658
Abstract Field experiments were carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi during the rainy season of 2005. The study was carried out with sole objective of evaluating the efficacy of six selected plant materials (sweetsop, red pepper, garlic, neem, mahogany and gmalina) against the major insect pests of cowpea variety, Dan Sokoto. The experiment was laid down in randomised complete block design with seven treatments. Each treatment was replicated three times. The results of the study showed that all the plant materials used were significantly (p < 0.05) better than control where no plant material was used in controlling the population of B. tabaci, E. dolichi, M. sjostedti and C. tomentosicollis at 1, 2 and 3 days after application of the treatments. Similarly the effects of these plant materials on the number of seeds/pod showed a significant (p < 0.05) difference between plots treated with plant materials and control. On the grain yield of the crop, all the plant materials showed significant effect except mahogany and the control which were statistically similar. Furthermore, the order of level of control indicated that sweet sop has (70.7%), garlic (69.3%), neem (61.0%), red pepper (54.0%), ash (30.9%), and mahogany (3.5%). The result of the present finding therefore recommends the use of sweet sop, garlic and neem as they were found to be the most promising in the control of major cowpea insect pests. 相似文献
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Garba ML Pilcher CD Bingham AL Eron J Frelinger JA 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》2002,168(5):2247-2254
HIV-infected individuals may progressively lose both HIV-specific and unrelated CTL responses despite the high number of circulating CD8+ T cells. In this study, we report that approximately 25% of HIV+ donors produced TGF-beta(1) in response to stimulation with HIV proteins or peptides. The production of TGF-beta(1) was sufficient to significantly reduce the IFN-gamma response of CD8+ cells to both HIV and vaccinia virus proteins. Ab to TGF-beta reversed the suppression. We found the source of the TGF-beta(1) to be predominantly CD8+ cells. Different peptide pools stimulated TGF-beta(1) and IFN-gamma in the same individual. The TGF-beta(1) secreting cells have distinct peptide specificity from the IFN-gamma producing cells. This represents an important mechanism by which an HIV-specific response can nonspecifically suppress both HIV-specific and unrelated immune responses. 相似文献
5.
The erythrocyte surface sialic acid concentration of clinically healthy mongrel and exotic (Alsatian i.e. German shepherd and Terrier) breeds of dogs was analyzed in order to determine their role in the genetic resistance of these
breeds of dogs to diseases that cause anaemia. The mean erythrocyte surface sialic acid (ESA) concentration was 57.08 ± 1.67,
34.50 ± 2.30 and 20.20 ± 3.54 mg/dl for Mongrel, Alsatian (German shepherd) and Terrier breeds of dogs, respectively, on acid
hydrolysis. The mean values of ESA obtained following enzymic hydrolysis of haemoglobin-free erythrocyte membranes using Clostridium chauvoei (Jakari strain) sialidase were 49.08 ± 0.41, 30.97 ± 1.82 and 18.64 ± 0.75 mg/dl for Mongrel, Alsatian (German shepherd)
and Terrier dogs respectively. When Trypanosoma vivax sialidase was used the ESA values obtained were 50.81 ± 0.37, 41.70 ± 0.94 and 19.65 + 0.65 mg/dl for Mongrel, Alsatian
(German shepherd) and Terrier breeds of dogs respectively. This represents a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001) between the mean ESA concentration of all the breeds of dogs investigated in this study. The higher mean ESA concentration
in Mongrel dogs, compared to the exotic breeds may be responsible for their resistance to disease conditions, whose aetiologic
agents produce neuraminidase and also cause anaemia. 相似文献
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Evans JT Serafino Wani RL Anderson L Gibson AL Smith EG Wood A Olowokure B Abubakar I Mann JS Gardiner S Jones H Sonnenberg P Hawkey PM 《PloS one》2011,6(3):e17930
Background
We describe the identification of, and risk factors for, the single most prevalent Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain in the West Midlands region of the UK.Methodology/Principal Findings
Prospective 15-locus MIRU-VNTR genotyping of all M. tuberculosis isolates in the West Midlands between 2004 and 2008 was undertaken. Two retrospective epidemiological investigations were also undertaken using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis. The first study of all TB patients in the West Midlands between 2004 and 2008 identified a single prevalent strain in each of the study years (total 155/3,056 (5%) isolates). This prevalent MIRU-VNTR profile (32333 2432515314 434443183) remained clustered after typing with an additional 9-loci MIRU-VNTR and spoligotyping. The majority of these patients (122/155, 79%) resided in three major cities located within a 40 km radius. From the apparent geographical restriction, we have named this the “Mercian” strain. A multivariate analysis of all TB patients in the West Midlands identified that infection with a Mercian strain was significantly associated with being UK-born (OR = 9.03, 95%CI = 4.56–17.87, p<0.01), Black Caribbean (OR = 5.68, 95%CI = 2.96–10.91, p<0.01) resident in Wolverhampton (OR = 9.29, 95%CI = 5.69–15.19, p<0.01) and negatively associated with age >65 years old (OR = 0.25, 95%CI = 0.09–0.67, p<0.01). A second more detailed investigation analyzed a cohort of 82 patients resident in Wolverhampton between 2003 and 2006. A significant association with being born in the UK remained after a multivariate analysis (OR = 9.68, 95%CI = 2.00–46.78, p<0.01) and excess alcohol intake and cannabis use (OR = 6.26, 95%CI = 1.45–27.02, p = .01) were observed as social risk factors for infection.Conclusions/Significance
The continued consistent presence of the Mercian strain suggests ongoing community transmission. Whilst significant associations have been found, there may be other common risk factors yet to be identified. Future investigations should focus on targeting the relevant risk groups and elucidating the biological factors that mediate continued transmission of this strain. 相似文献8.
Differential Mechanisms of Shedding of the Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored NKG2D Ligands 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lola Fern��ndez-Messina Omodele Ashiru Philippe Boutet Sonia Ag��era-Gonz��lez Jeremy N. Skepper Hugh T. Reyburn Mar Val��s-G��mez 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2010,285(12):8543-8551
Tumor cells release NKG2D ligands to evade NKG2D-mediated immune surveillance. The purpose of our investigation was to explore the cellular mechanisms of release used by various members of the ULBP family. Using biochemical and cellular approaches in both transfectant systems and tumor cell lines, this paper shows that ULBP1, ULBP2, and ULBP3 are released from cells with different kinetics and by distinct mechanisms. Whereas ULBP2 is mainly shed by metalloproteases, ULBP3 is abundantly released as part of membrane vesicles known as exosomes. Interestingly, exosomal ULBP3 protein is much more potent for down-modulation of the NKG2D receptor than soluble ULBP2 protein. This is the first report showing functionally relevant differences in the biochemistry of the three members of the ULBP family and confirms that in depth study of the biochemical features of individual NKG2D ligands will be necessary to understand and manipulate the biology of these proteins for therapy. 相似文献
9.
Serum magnesium concentration was measured in 80 adult patients (age range: 18–40 yr) presenting with acute, uncomplicated
falciparum malaria infection and a control group of 20 age-matched, healthy individuals. The mean serum magnesium concentration in the
patients was 1950.0 ±10.0 μg/dL. The control serum magnesium was 640.0±40.0 μg/dL. This represents an over threefold increase
in serum magnesium levels above normal value, p<0.01. The key pathogenic event in acute falciparum malaria infection is the hemolysis of both infected and uninfected red blood cells. Therefore, the increased serum magnesium
concentration might occur because of the hemolysis arising from erythrocytic merogony because red blood cells contain high
amounts of magnesium. In conclusion, the increased serum magnesium has potential application as a biomarker of acute falciparum malaria infection in adults. 相似文献
10.
Bonnie L. Webster Aiden M. Emery Joanne P. Webster Anouk Gouvras Amadou Garba Oumar Diaw Mohmoudane M. Seye Louis Albert Tchuem Tchuente Christopher Simoonga Joseph Mwanga Charles Lange Curtis Kariuki Khalfan A. Mohammed J. Russell Stothard David Rollinson 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2012,6(10)