Unsteady-state operation of continuous fermentor for enhancement of cell mass production

The transient behavior of continuous fermentation is studied concentrating on the time scale intrinsic to the system. The time scale is the time required for the fermentorto reach a stable steady state after the disturbance of cell mass is introduced. When the cell concentration is disturbed from the steady-state value, in particular, at the dilution rate near washout, the transient period becomes extended significantly, and the steady state is resumed sluggishly. This sluggish transient behavior could be turned to an advantage for enhancing the cell mass output rate. The proposed transient operation is a continuous fermentation whereby a positive disturbance in the cell mass is introduced, so that the cell concentration is higher than the steady-state value for an extended transient period. It is shown that a significantly higher cell mass production than that from the steady-state continuous fermentation can be achieved. Simple experiments were performed to demonstrate the improvement of cell (Candida utilis) productivity.     

中国眼镜蛇血清白蛋白的部分氨基酸序列

中国眼镜蛇血清白蛋白是一种酸性蛋白,等电点4.1±0.1,分子量70500。它能和同源的蛇神经毒素和心脏毒素结合。生理条件下,白蛋白和~(125)I-神经毒素分子结合比为1:8±1。白蛋白的存在可使小鼠对蛇毒的耐受性成倍提高,并显著抑制心脏毒素的溶血作用。对白蛋白氨基酸序列的研究有助于白蛋白-毒素作用机理的研究,并揭示眼镜蛇的自我解毒功能。     

异育淇鲫及淇亲本血清生化组成的比较研究

应用Beckman 42型临床生化分析仪测定异育淇鲫（淇鲫♀×兴国红鲤♂）及其亲本血清的生化指标,包括总蛋白、白蛋白、尿素氮、血糖、乳酸脱氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、谷草转氨酶和羟丁酸脱氢酶,经t检验发现异育淇鲫与其母本的血清生化指标均无明显差异,而与其父本均有十分显著的差异。本文从代谢方面论证了淇鲫与兴国红鲤属间“杂交”,异源精子只起刺激作用,而并不产生生物学效应。结果与传统的雌核发育相吻合。     

Optimal substrate feeding policy for a fed batch fermentation with substrate and product inhibition kinetics

The optimal substrate feeding policy for the fed batch fermentation which is governed by product and substrate inhibited kinetics is presented. The conjunction point between nonsingular and singular arcs and the feeding policy along the singular arc are derived analytically in terms of the concentrations of substrate and product and the liquid volume. Thus, it is possible to determine the feeding rate by monitoring the state variables (i.e., closed loop control). As a specific example, an optimization study of the fed batch fermentation for ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae is presented. It is shown that the optimal feeding patterns are heavily dependent upon the initial conditions. The point selectivity provides the guideline for predicting the optimal feeding patterns and explaining the results of rigorous mathematical analysis.