花生壳粉作为生物吸附剂去除水溶液中偶氮染料的研究

用低值的花生壳粉作为生物吸附剂对苋菜红、日落黄两种偶氮染料进行了吸附研究,目的是寻求经济的染料废水处理方法。考察了PH、染料浓度、吸附剂量、吸附剂粒径、离子强度和吸附时间等因素对染料吸附的影响,确定了最佳吸附条件。结果显示,初始pH2,两种偶氮染料的去除率较高。吸附等温线符合Langmuir和Freondlich模式,吸附过程符合准一级反应动力学方程。研究结果表明,花生壳是一种很有前途的偶氮染料废水处理生物材料。     

皖南山区维管植物多样性研究

皖南山区地形复杂,生境多样,有维管植物2 342种、隶属198科913属。本区植被水平地带从北到南植被组成日趋复杂,南方成分和蕨类植物明显增多,阔叶林常见,但均呈小块状分布,常绿、落叶阔叶混交林面积逐渐减小,常绿阔叶林面积随之增大。垂直分布明显,从下至上依次是农耕区,常绿阔叶林,常绿、落叶阔叶混交林,落叶阔叶林,山地灌丛或山地草甸,基带以常绿阔叶林为主,推测其原始植被更是如此,并随着纬度的升高,其植被类型分布的上限随之降低。科的分布区类型以热带-亚热带、热带-温带分布占优势,其科的分布类型分别占31.8%与23.6%;属的分布区类型显示温带分布占50.7%处于优势,热带分布占36.6%,其中北温带和泛热带成分各自占了19.6%与18.6%,科属统计数据的差异性,以及本区草本植物含59.0%占优势等,都显示本区区系具有亚热带向暖温带过渡的双重性质,说明皖南山区是亚热带向暖温带过渡的重要地带。皖南山区古老成分众多,有单种科3科,单种属和寡种属丰富,各有65与133属,分占总属数的7.1%与14.6%。特有属、种众多,有特有属29个,占总属数的3.5%,低于全国特有属所占比例7.1%,有安徽特有被子植物25种,皖、浙、赣三省交界处特有蕨类4种,被子植物81种。本区还蕴藏丰富的食用、药用、工业与观赏用等经济植物,但一些种特别是药用植物的种质资源正逐渐减少,应加大保护力度。     

花生壳粉生物吸附水溶液中阴离子染料的研究

An untried,low cost, locally available biosorbent for its anionic dye removal capacity from aqueous solution was investigated. Powder prepared from peanut hull had been used for hiosorption of three anionic dyes, amaranth (Am), sunset yellow (SY) and fast green FCF (FG). The effects of various experimental parameters (e.g.initial pH and dye concentration, sorbent dosage, particle size, ion strength, contact time etc.) were examined and optimal experimental conditions were decided. At initial pH 2.0, three dyes studied could be removed effectively.When the dye concentration was 50 mg" L-1 the percentages of dyes sorbed was 95.5 % in Am, 91.3 % in SY and 94.98 % in FG, respectively. The ratios of dyes sorbed had neared maximum values in all three dyes whensorbent dose of 5.0 g·L^-1 and the sorbent particle size in 80—100 mesh was used. The increasing the ion strength of solution caused the decrease in biosorption percentages of dyes. The equilibrium values arrived at about 36 hour for all three dyes. The isothermal data of biosorption followed the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The biosorption processes conformed the pseudo-first-order rate kinetics. The results indicated that powdered peanut hull was an attractive candidate for removing anionic dyes from dye wastewater.