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Summary The changes in Na current during development were studied in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Cells obtained from rats 1–3 and 5–8 days after birth were cultured and their Na currents were compared. On top of the two types of Na currents reported in these cells (fast-FA current and slow-S current) a new fast current was found (FN). The main characteristics of the three currents are: (i) The voltages of activation are –37, –36, and –23 mV for the FN, FA and S currents, respectively. (ii) The activation and inactivation kinetics of FN and FA currents are about five times faster than those of the S current. (iii) The voltages at which inactivation reaches 50% are –139, –75 and –23 mV for the FN, FA and S currents, respectively.The kinetics and voltage-dependent parameters of the three currents and their density do not change during the first eight days after birth. However, their relative frequency in the cells changes. In the 1–3 day-old rats the precent of cells with S, FA, and mixed S+FN currents is 22, 18, and 60% of the cells, respectively. In the 5–8 day-old, the percent of cells with S, FA, and FN+S is 10, 66 and 22%. The relative increase in the frequency of cells with FA current during development can contribute to the ease of action potential generation compared with cells with FN currents, which are almost completely inactivated under physiological conditions. The predominance of FA cells also results in a significant decrease in the relative frequency of cells with the high-threshold, slow current.Antibodies directed against a part of the S4 region of internal repeat I of the sodium channel (C
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, amino acids 210–223, eel channel numbering) were found to shift the voltage dependence of FA current inactivation (but not of FN or S currents) to more negative potentials. The effect was found only when the antibodies were applied externally. The results suggest that FN, FA and S types of Na currents are generated by channels, which are different in the topography of the C
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region in the membrane. 相似文献
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本文用膜片箝技术研究了孕烯酮硫酸醌对大脑皮层锥体神经元膜48pS延迟整流型钾通道开放概率和平均开放时间的影响。在加入PS后40s,即可观察到IK通道的开放概率增大,平均开放时间延长,表明PS加强IK通道的活动。在浓度为300-100μmol/L的范围内,其增大程度与PS的浓度呈正相关,但PS不影响通道的电流幅度。 相似文献
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外来物种入侵后的多物种竞争共存的集合种群模型 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
基于多物种竞争共存模型,提出外来物种与本地物种竞争共存途径的两种假想:外来物种通过插队竞争与本地物种实现共存;外来物种通过等位竞争与本地物种实现共存.并提出根据外来物种在两种竞争共存模式下占据生境斑块比例的稳定值大小来判断外来物种和本地物种的竞争共存途径.根据两种假想,分别建立了外来物种插队竞争共存模型和等位竞争共存模型.通过应用数学软件Mathematica 4.0对两个模型进行了模拟,得出以下结论:在外来物种与本地物种竞争共存状态下,如果外来物种通过插队竞争与本地物种实现共存,当本地物种竞争力差异较大时,外来物种极易对本地稀少物种构成危害.虽然外来物种不会直接造成本地稀少物种的灭绝,但是会使本地稀少物种的生境斑块急剧减少,增加本地稀少物种灭绝的可能性,而当本地物种竞争力差异较小时,外来物种对本地所有物种的影响都较小.如果外来物种通过等位竞争与本地物种实现共存,无论本地物种竞争力差异大小与否,外来物种只是影响到与其生态位相同的本地物种,影响程度取决于外来物种侵入时所占据生境斑块的比例大小. 相似文献
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A hierarchical multi‐scale analysis of the spatial relationship between parasitism and host density in urban habitats 下载免费PDF全文
María Silvina Fenoglio Victoria Werenkraut Juan Manuel Morales Adriana Salvo 《Austral ecology》2017,42(6):732-741
Studies on spatial density dependence in parasitism have paid scarce attention to how changes in host density at different hierarchical scales could influence parasitism in an herbivore at a particular scale. Here, we evaluated if rates of parasitism per leaf (by the whole parasitic complex and by dominant species) of the specialist leaf miner Liriomyza commelinae (Diptera: Agromyzidae) respond to variations in host density at the leaf, plant patch and site levels in an urban setting. We used multi‐level Bayesian models that incorporate the spatial hierarchy occurring in this system, as well as habitat factors previously found to have an effect on the L. commelinae parasitoid community in an urban context (patch size, patch isolation and urbanization level). According to the fitted model, overall parasitism rates decreased with increasing number of mines per leaf, being independent of host‐density variations at patch and site level. Patch structure was found to have a strong effect on parasitism rates per leaf. The analysis of parasitism by parasitoid species separately showed consistent results with the response at community level. These results suggest that parasitism of the parasitoid community here studied would be sensitive to hierarchical cues related to the host at the leaf level and to the host habitat at the patch level. 相似文献
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太行山中低山区河谷内农田斑块特征及其分布格局—以河北省阜平县胭脂河主流河谷为例 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以景观生态学原理为指导,调查了位于太行山中低山区的河北省阜平县胭脂河主流河谷,对河谷内农田斑块的特征及其分布格局进行了分析,结果表明,农田斑块了作河流源头外贯穿整个河谷,从上游向下游,人为活动的增加使农田的比重不断增加,导致自然景观减少,环境异质性降低,农田斑块破碎化和蔼减小,胭脂河河谷总面积为2297.09hm^2,构成河谷景观主体的农田有117个斑块,面积为1027.78hm^2,占河谷面积的44.74%,农田基本紧靠河岸分布,处在水分条件优越但易受洪水威胁的土地带上,农田在河流两侧是非对称分布,其中左岸农田面积587.58hm^2,占57.17%,斑块的宽度呈增加的态势,但变化比较大,基本上以狭长的特征出现。 相似文献
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基于斑块尺度的生境适宜性研究,可以通过物种分布的景观格局特征,推导出研究区的景观适宜性,有利于景观规划决策。研究首先分析农业用地对神农架川金丝干扰的阈值,其次采用泊松回归构建基于斑块尺度的包含植被类型、斑块特征和人为干扰特征的猴群分布模型,依据模型结果叠加道路适宜性分级图对川金丝猴适宜生境进行评价。结果显示:(1)农业用地干扰阈值为2000 m;(2)最优模型显示猴群偏好面积大、形状简单的寒温性针叶林、寒温性针叶-落叶阔叶混交林、温性针叶-落叶阔叶混交林斑块,对农业用地具有回避性;(3)道路干扰已成为川金丝猴迁移的主要障碍,川金丝猴分布区受到的农业干扰较小,但其成为阻碍川金丝猴扩张分布区的屏障。建议神农架保护区全面开展道路与旅游景点对野生动物干扰的监测。 相似文献