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两对互补的显性基因控制着柑桔属和枳属的无融合生殖   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
洪棋斌  向素琼  陈克玲  陈力耕 《遗传学报》2001,28(11):1062-1067
无融合生殖具有重要的学术价值和应用价值。这种生殖方式普遍存在于 柑桔属及其近缘属植物中,对母本分别为单胚(即有性生殖)的宽皮柑桔品种克力迈丁和韦尔金,父本分别为多胚(即无融合生殖)的甜橙品种锦橙,新会橙,桃叶橙和哈姆林的杂种F1代群体总计8个杂交组合的229个开花结果后代,进行了胚性分离的调查,发现F1代中既有有性生殖,也有无融合生殖,有性生殖与无融合生殖的分离比例,在韦尔金后代中接近1:2,而在克力迈丁后代中接近1:1。根据该结果,结合前人的研究资料,提出在柑桔属和枳属或者还包括其他柑桔近缘属中,无融合生殖受到位于细胞核的两对互补的显性基因A1和A2的调控,且其中一对基因,设为A1表现显性纯合致死效应,两对基因的分离重组符合孟德尔的分离定律和自由组合定律,按该模式可以较为合理地解释已有的大部分常规杂交资料。  相似文献   
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Hongkong kumquat (Fortunella hindsii) is a wild citrus species characterized by dwarf plant height and early flowering. Here, we identified the monoembryonic F. hindsii (designated as ‘Mini‐Citrus’) for the first time and constructed its selfing lines. This germplasm constitutes an ideal model for the genetic and functional genomics studies of citrus, which have been severely hindered by the long juvenility and inherent apomixes of citrus. F. hindsii showed a very short juvenile period (~8 months) and stable monoembryonic phenotype under cultivation. We report the first de novo assembled 373.6 Mb genome sequences (Contig‐N50 2.2 Mb and Scaffold‐N50 5.2 Mb) for F. hindsii. In total, 32 257 protein‐coding genes were annotated, 96.9% of which had homologues in other eight Citrinae species. The phylogenomic analysis revealed a close relationship of F. hindsii with cultivated citrus varieties, especially with mandarin. Furthermore, the CRISPR/Cas9 system was demonstrated to be an efficient strategy to generate target mutagenesis on F. hindsii. The modifications of target genes in the CRISPR‐modified F. hindsii were predominantly 1‐bp insertions or small deletions. This genetic transformation system based on F. hindsii could shorten the whole process from explant to T1 mutant to about 15 months. Overall, due to its short juvenility, monoembryony, close genetic background to cultivated citrus and applicability of CRISPR, F. hindsii shows unprecedented potentials to be used as a model species for citrus research.  相似文献   
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