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The morphology and infraciliature of a new ciliate, Metopus yantaiensis n. sp., discovered in coastal soil of northern China, were investigated. It is distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following features: nuclear apparatus situated in the preoral dome; 18–21 somatic ciliary rows, of which three extend onto the preoral dome (dome kineties); three to five distinctly elongated caudal cilia, and 21–29 adoral polykinetids. The 18S rRNA genes of this new species and two congeners, Metopus contortus and Metopus hasei, were sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed. The new species is more closely related to M. hasei and the clevelandellids than to other congeners; both the genus Metopus and the order Metopida are not monophyletic. In addition, the digestion‐resistant bacteria in the cytoplasm of M. yantaiensis were identified, using a 16S rRNA gene clone library, sequencing, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The detected intracellular bacteria are affiliated with Sphingomonadales, Rhizobiales, Rickettsiales (Alphaproteobacteria), Pseudomonas (Gammaproteobacteria), Rhodocyclales (Betaproteobacteria), Clostridiales (Firmicutes), and Flavobacteriales (Bacteroidetes).  相似文献   
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The antimicrobial activity of plant extract of Peganum harmala, a medicinal plant has been studied already. However, knowledge about bacterial diversity associated with different parts of host plant antagonistic to different human pathogenic bacteria is limited. In this study, bacteria were isolated from root, leaf and fruit of plant. Among 188 bacterial isolates isolated from different parts of the plant only 24 were found to be active against different pathogenic bacteria i.e. Escherichia coli, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These active bacterial isolates were identified on the basis of 16S rRNA gene analysis. Total population of bacteria isolated from plant was high in root, following leaf and fruit. Antagonistic bacteria were also more abundant in root as compared to leaf and fruit. Two isolates (EA5 and EA18) exhibited antagonistic activity against most of the targeted pathogenic bacteria mentioned above. Some isolates showed strong inhibition for one targeted pathogenic bacterium while weak or no inhibition for others. Most of the antagonistic isolates were active against MRSA, following E. faecium, P. aeruginosa, E. coli and E. faecalis. Taken together, our results show that medicinal plants are good source of antagonistic bacteria having inhibitory effect against clinical bacterial pathogens.  相似文献   
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Zonula Occludens (ZO) proteins are ubiquitous scaffolding proteins providing the structural basis for the assembly of multiprotein complexes at the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane and linking transmembrane proteins to the filamentous cytoskeleton. They belong to the large family of membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK)-like proteins comprising a number of subfamilies based on domain content and sequence similarity. ZO proteins were originally described to localize specifically to tight junctions, or Zonulae Occludentes, but this notion was rapidly reconsidered since ZO proteins were found to associate with adherens junctions as well as with gap junctions, particularly with connexin-made intercellular channels, and also with a few other membrane channels. Accumulating evidence reveals that in addition to having passive scaffolding functions in organizing gap junction complexes, including connexins and cytoskeletals, ZO proteins (particularly ZO-1) also actively take part in the dynamic function as well as in the remodeling of junctional complexes in a number of cellular systems. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Reciprocal influences between cell cytoskeleton and membrane channels, receptors and transporters. Guest Editor: Jean Claude Hervé.  相似文献   
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目的:本实验以大亚湾原发性锥状斯氏藻为例,采集野外样品,分析藻华不同时期主要菌群的结构和环境样品的硫化物与赋存形态。方法:应用末端限制性片段长度多态性技术和主成分分析方法,分析藻华发生过程中浮游细菌群落相似程度的情况,得到差异显著的浮游细菌类群。选出代表类群的样品进行16S r DNA高变区测序,获取浮游细菌的分类结果及相对丰度。采用Pearson相关性分析浮游细菌、藻、硫化物两两间的相互关系。结果:早期藻华以Enterobacteriaceae为主导,各优势菌群(Enterobacteriaceae:Alteromonadaceae:Rhodobacteraceae)的比例约为8:1:21,硫元素主要以DMS形式存在;而后期Alteromonadaceae成为优势物种,各优势菌群的比例转变为3:5:25,硫的赋存形态由DMS转变为DMSO;Rhodobacteraceae在藻华的前期与后期均以优势种存在。本实验还发现藻华不同时期4种与藻呈正向相关的细菌,以及8种对藻起负向调节作用的细菌,它们在藻华生消的过程中扮演着不同的角色。结论:菌群的组成性改变与藻华生消具有一定的相关性,并对藻类的硫代谢产生影响。结果的获得有助于认识藻华微生物学过程中硫代谢的生态学功能,拓展锥状斯氏藻藻华的理论认识。  相似文献   
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目的:探讨腹腔镜粘连松解术治疗粘连性肠梗阻(AIO)的疗效,减少再梗阻率。方法:将120 例AIO 患者随机分为两组,每 组60 例,开腹组实施开腹手术,腹腔镜组实施腹腔镜粘连松解术,观察两组术后恢复及并发症发生情况,对再梗阻危险因素进行 Logistic 回归分析。结果:腹腔镜组术中失血量(73.48± 9.32)mL,少于开腹组的(207.45± 33.21)mL(P<0.05);腹腔镜组手术、术后 镇痛、下床活动、肠恢复蠕动、肛门恢复排气、拔除尿管及住院时间分别为(69.15± 10.13)min、(14.67± 7.23)h、(27.14± 7.04)h、 (3.11± 0.96)d、(3.24± 1.02)d、(3.37± 1.23)d、(7.95± 3.05)d,均短于开腹组的(83.84± 9.24)min、(27.38± 8.02)h、(36.23± 5.87) h、(4.05± 1.35)d、(4.35± 1.74)d、(5.02± 2.13)d、(10.35± 3.71)d(P<0.05);腹腔镜组并发症发生率、再梗阻率分别为10.00%、 10.00%,均低于开腹组的33.33%、40.00%(P<0.05);多因素Logistic 回归分析显示开腹手术、手术时间≥ 60 min 是再梗阻发生的独 立危险因素。结论:腹腔镜手术治疗AIO 疗效优于开腹手术,而且并发症与再梗阻率低。  相似文献   
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目的:比较血小板生成素与白介素-11治疗胃癌患者术后化疗血小板减少症的时效和安全性。方法:术后辅助化疗出现血小板计数低于75×109/L的进展期胃癌患者68例,将其分为TPO组与IL-11组,分别为35例和33例。分别皮下注射rhTPO 15000U,每日1次;rhIL-11 1.5 mg,每日1次,当血小板计数125×109/L或比用药前上升50×109/L,即停止给药,疗程最长为14天。每3天抽取外周静脉血2 m L,通过全自动血液分析仪测定血小板计数,密切观察出现的不良反应并记录。比较两组患者不同临床病理资料、血小板计数、血小板计数升至75×109/L和125×109/L的时程、药物不良反应。结果:两组患者年龄、性别、化疗方案、血小板最低值出现的化疗周期及临床病理分期的比较均没有统计学差异(P值均0.05)。TPO组与IL-11组血小板动态值的比较,第9天出现显著差异(P=0.032)。TPO组与IL-11组血小板计数恢复至75×109/L和125×109/L所需的时间,有显著差异(P=0.041,P=0.013)。TPO组中,有3例(8.6%)患者发生不良反应,IL-11组中,有13例(39.4%)患者发生不良反应,TPO组患者出现的不良反应少且较轻微(P=0.006)。结论:rhTPO治疗胃癌患者术后化疗血小板减少症时效快,安全性好。  相似文献   
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