Recognition of peat-forming plant communities from their peat deposits in two south Swedish bog complexes

Peat samples, 3 015 from 103 boring points, on two mires (Åkhult mire, Store Mosse mire) south Sweden, have been subjected to macrofossil analysis. Based on plant remains, 9 peat groups were distinguished in the field. A further classification using phytosociological methods revealed 29 peat types. The affinities between the peat types were determined from TABORD classification and a Reciprocal Averaging ordination. The primary floristic differentiation is correlated with a gradient from treeless-to wooded stands, which coincides largely with the mire expanse-mire margin gradient. The poor-rich gradient seems to parallel the treeless-wooded gradient as well and may reflect the natural conditions in this mire before it was affected by man. The hummock-mud-bottom gradient is easy to distinguish in peat, formed by bog communities, but is not distinct in peat formed by fen communities and impossible to detect in peat dominated by wood remains. The amount of identifiable remains depends on the decomposition, which is determined by (1) the period of time the plant litter stays in the acrotelm, and (2) the nutrient status. The decomposition is greatest in fen-peat with abundant wood remains. This probably depends on a good supply of oxygen caused by greater horizontal water movements and better nutrient status.     

浙江省商品粮基地县粮食生产力的评价与分析

利用系统聚类法和稳定性测度的Finlay和Wilkinson模型分析了浙江21个商品粮基地县的粮食生产力水平及其稳定性．结果表明：21个县（市）的粮食生产力水平可以分成4类,而绍兴与海盐为生产力最高的一类,同时绍兴县的生产力稳定性高于平均稳定性．生产力的年度稳定性之间存在显著差异,其中1984年与1985年的生产力稳定性分别显著与极显著地高于平均稳定性,而1988年的稳定性却显著地低于平均稳定性;然而,生产力的地区稳定性之间却无显著差异．本文还依据分析结果就维持生产力稳定性问题提出了建议.     

涡鞭毛虫（甲藻）着丝粒／动粒蛋白的检查

利用ＡＣＡ血清、抗人着丝粒蛋白Ｂ的单抗和多抗、抗ＣＨＯ细胞动粒蛋白的单抗,对典型涡鞭毛虫隐沟虫（隐甲藻）（Ｃｒｙｐｔｈｅｃｏｄｉｎｉｕｍｃｏｈｎｉｉ）和特殊涡鞭毛虫尖尾虫（尖尾藻）（Ｏｘｙｒｒｈｉｓｍａｒｉｎａ）的着丝粒／动粒蛋白进行了检查。用ＡＣＡ血清作的荧光观察表明,隐沟虫的这些蛋白虽结合在核骨架上,但在间期时并不形成点状的前着丝粒。免疫印迹检查表明两种涡鞭毛虫的着丝粒蛋白Ｂ彼此一致,而且与四膜虫和眼虫的也高度一致。但用ＡＣＡ血清作免疫印迹检查时,尖尾虫的蛋白虽与四膜虫和眼虫的相近,与隐沟虫的却有极大的差异。以抗动粒蛋白的单抗作此种检查时,尖尾虫与眼虫的反应带相同,而隐沟虫则与源真核生物（Ａｒｃｈｅｚｏａ）贾第虫（Ｇｉａｒｄｉａｌａｍｂｌｉａ）的相同;而且隐沟虫和贾第虫都与几种原细菌有两条相同的反应带,其中５０ｋＤ的一条是尖尾虫和眼虫都没有的。上述发现不仅从一个新的方面支持了认为应把尖尾虫从典型涡鞭毛虫分出来独立为一个门的主张（李靖炎,１９９０）,而且指出典型涡鞭毛虫在后真核生物（Ｍｅｔａｋａｒｙｏｔａ）中间是非常原始的。     

高等级病原微生物实验室建设科技进展

高等级病原微生物实验室是生物安全级别最高的防护实验室,是从事高致病性病原微生物检测和科学研究的重要技术平台,也是保护实验室工作人员不被感染、外界环境不受污染的防护屏障。近年来,强致病性微生物引发的烈性传染病在全球范围内逐步扩散。世界各国为满足应急控制传染病突发事件以及提升生物国防实力的重大需求,纷纷开始加紧建设高等级病原微生物实验室。阐述了世界生物安全实验室的发展历程与等级划分,各国高等级病原微生物实验室的建设进展与成果以及我国高等级病原微生物实验室在关键技术、装备研发以及国产化四级模式实验室建设等方面所取得的科技进展,并对未来科技发展方向进行了展望。