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1.
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a peptide-fermenting asaccharolytic periodontal pathogen. Its genome contains several genes encoding cysteine peptidases other than gingipains. One of these genes (PG1055) encodes a protein called Tpr (thiol protease) that has sequence similarity to cysteine peptidases of the papain and calpain families. In this study we biochemically characterize Tpr. We found that the 55-kDa Tpr inactive zymogen proteolytically processes itself into active forms of 48, 37, and 33 kDa via sequential truncations at the N terminus. These processed molecular forms of Tpr are associated with the bacterial outer membrane where they are likely responsible for the generation of metabolic peptides required for survival of the pathogen. Both autoprocessing and activity were dependent on calcium concentrations >1 mm, consistent with the protein''s activity within the intestinal and inflammatory milieus. Calcium also stabilized the Tpr structure and rendered the protein fully resistant to proteolytic degradation by gingipains. Together, our findings suggest that Tpr is an example of a bacterial calpain, a calcium-responsive peptidase that may generate substrates required for the peptide-fermenting metabolism of P. gingivalis. Aside from nutrient generation, Tpr may also be involved in evasion of host immune response through degradation of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 and complement proteins C3, C4, and C5. Taken together, these results indicate that Tpr likely represents an important pathogenesis factor for P. gingivalis.  相似文献   
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Evaluations of the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants and their components have been the subject of many studies. Furthermore, the biological activities of various plant species have been reported in various pieces of literature. Hyptis martiusii Benth (Lamiaceae), popularly known as “mad balm” is commonly found in the North, Southeast, and Northeast of Brazil. Its leaves are used ethnobiologically as antiulcerogenic, antimicrobial, antitumor and as insecticide. This study aimed to analyze the chemical composition of the essential oil of H. martiusii Benth (OEHM) by GC/MS as well as its possible topical activity as an antiedematogenic. This is verified by the models of ear edema induced by single (acute edema) and multiple (chronic edema) applications of croton oil topically, and systemically verified through the model of paw edema induced by carrageenan 1%. Doses of 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg OEHM were used in all tests. Chemical analysis of the oil revealed the 1,8-cineole (34.58%) and δ-carene (21:58%) as major components present in the essential oil. On the model of ear edema, acute and chronic OEHM in all the tested doses showed no significant antiedematogenic activity (p < 0.05). The systemic model of paw edema induced by carrageenin showed that a dose of 100 mg/kg effectively reduced swelling by 55.37% in the second hour evaluation when compared to the saline group. The anti-inflammatory systemic effect can give greater bioavailability of the components present in the essential oil and your interference in cytokines and leukotriene, thromboxane and prostaglandin biosynthesis. It is therefore concluded that OEHM presents systemic antiedematogenic activity but not topical activity at these doses.  相似文献   
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The antimicrobial properties of essential oil from various Santolina species have not been investigated enough in the previous studies dealing with the biological activities of medicinal plants. In Tunisia, Santolina chamaecyparissus L. (Asteraceae) is the only Santolina species recorded and is used as vermifuge and emmenagogue. The chemical composition, antibacterial and antifungal properties of essential oils from the flowerheads and roots of spontaneous S. chamaecyparissus growing in Tunisia and the chemical composition which leads to the Tunisian chemotype are investigated here for the first time. Essential oils isolated by hydro distillation from flowerheads and roots of S. chamaecyparissus were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Two methods served for antimicrobial assays of the essential oils: diffusion in a solid medium and micro-well dilution assay. Antifungal tests were carried out by the agar incorporation method. Sixty-seven constituents were identified from the essential oil of the flowerhead. The major constituents were: 1,8-cineole and β-eudesmol. Two non identified compounds were present at the highest concentration in root oil. Flowerhead oil was characterized by high contents in monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes oxygenated compounds. The flowerhead essential oil demonstrated potent of antibacterial properties against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC, with MIC of 0.625 μg/ml. These findings demonstrate that the flowerhead essential oils of S. chamaecyparissus have excellent antibacterial properties and for this reason they could contribute to decrease the problem of microbial resistance to antibiotics.  相似文献   
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Silkworm hemolymph contains unique proteins that exhibit anti-apoptotic activity in mammalian cells. Among them, 30 K protein, which is one of the major anti-apoptotic molecules in silkworm hemolymph, has been well investigated. However, little is known about the biological functions of storage protein 1 (SP1), another main protein in silkworm hemolymph. In this study, the anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative activities of SP1 were analyzed. A stable cell line expressing SP1 was constructed, which showed strong anti-apoptotic effect induced by staurosporine treatment. In addition, the cell line exhibited resistance to oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide. For practical applications of SP1, recombinant SP1 was produced in Escherichia coli, and the supplementation of recombinant SP1 into culture medium exhibited anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative activities. In addition, SP1 was found to be a cell-penetrating protein and localized in the cytosol as well as on the plasma membrane. The findings showed that SP1 itself is not an anti-oxidant; rather, it mediates intracellular anti-oxidative activity. In conclusion, the cellular resistance of SP1 to apoptosis and oxidative stress will provide a new strategy that could be utilized in the bio-industry for the production of biologics as well as for the development of anti-aging cosmetics.  相似文献   
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目的:探讨冠心病患者静息心率与血小板活性的相关研究。方法:选择2013年1月至2014年9月于我院住院患者474例,按静息心率快慢分为三组,心率70 bmp为第一组(Q1)150例,心率位于70~85 bmp为第二组(Q2)265例,心率85 bmp为第三组(Q3)59例,三组患者均于病情稳定时行血栓弹力图(TEG)中MA值检测,同时随访3个月,观察和比较三组患者MA值变化及预后。结果:三组患者MA值分别为61.16±7.29 mm、62.02±7.46 mm、65.32±6.56 mm,第三组患者MA值与第一组或第二组患者MA值比较差异均存在统计学意义(P0.05),通过血栓弹力图检测三组经花生四烯酸(AA)途径的血小板抑制率和经二磷酸腺苷(ADP)途径的血小板抑制率发现,静息心率高低与抗血小板药物作用疗效无相关关系(P0.05)。随访3个月,三组患者心绞痛、再住院、脑血管病及死亡的总发生率分别为28%、28.68%、40.67%。结论:冠心病患者静息心率越快,MA值越大即血小板活性越高,静息心率的高低与抗血小板药物作用疗效无关。  相似文献   
7.
Norhypersampsone A (1), a novel degraded polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol (PPAP) derivative, 3-(2-hydroxy-7-methyl-3-methyleneoct-6-enyl)-5-isoprenyl-2,4,6-trihydroxybenzophenone (2), a new polyprenylated benzophenone derivative, and nine known compounds (311) were isolated from Hypericum sampsonii. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic techniques. Compound 1 represents a novel cyclohexenone monocyclic-PPAP formed by losing the fragment of C-2–C-4 and the side chains at C-3 and C-5 in the phloroglucinol ring. The results of the inhibitory effects of compounds 111 on the nitric oxide (NO) production induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW 264.7 macrophages showed that compounds 1, 68, and 10 exhibited weak activities with IC50 values in the range of 20.3–37.1 μM.  相似文献   
8.
Two lanostane triterpenoid derivatives, astrasiaone (2), (22S, 25R, 26R)-26-methoxy-22-26-epoxylanost-8-en-3-one, and astrasiate (3), (3α, 22S, 25R)-3, 22-dihydroxylanost-8-en-26 -oate, together with six known compounds, astraodorol (1), artabotryol B (4), artabotryol C1 (5), 6-dehydrocerevisterol (6), ergosterol (7) and hypaphorine (8) were isolated from the edible mushroom Astraeus asiaticus. 3 and 4 exhibited weak cytotoxicity against KB and NCI-H187 cancer cell lines. A comparison of the structures of 2 and 3 to that of 1, 4 and 5 suggest that these two new compounds could be the intermediate form that occurs during biogenesis.  相似文献   
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