The oldest illustration of Chinese crinoid calyx: Annotated translation of “Cupressocrinus abbreviatus” reported by Fritz Frech in 1911

The early history on the discovery of the first Chinese crinoid calyx of “Cupressocrinus abbreviatus” (now Halocrinites schlotheimii Steininger, 1831) remains unclear. The first record of “C. abbreviatus” was reported by Fritz Frech in 1911. It was included in the fifth and the last volume of the series titled China by the German traveler and explorer Ferdinand Freiherr von Richthofen. The cover page, title page, and prologue are informative; thus, they are explained and translated in detail. Richthofen's specimen is still the oldest documented cupressocrinitid calyx known in China today. Discovery of a second cupressocrinitid specimen confirms the existence of this family in China. Current taxonomic positions of the Chinese specimens are discussed.     

A new genus of Coelotinae (Araneae,Agelenidae) from southern China

One new genus of the spider subfamily Coelotinae, Flexicoelotes gen. n., with five new species is described from southern China: Flexicoelotes huyunensis sp. n. (female), Flexicoelotes jiaohanyanensis sp. n. (male and female), Flexicoelotes jinlongyanensis sp. n. (male and female), Flexicoelotes pingzhaiensis sp. n. (female), Flexicoelotes xingwangensis sp. n. (male and female).     

Response of instream animal communities to a short-term extreme event and to longer-term cumulative impacts in a strategic water resource area,South Africa

Disturbance plays an integral part in generating heterogeneity required for ecosystem persistence, but the increased amplitude and duration of disturbances linked to drivers of global change could result in ecosystem shifts or collapse. Biomonitoring over time provides insights into trajectories of ecosystem change. The responses of two instream animal taxa to two contrasting disturbance events, a major flood event and the long-term cumulative effects of land-use changes, were assessed in 1999–2012 by quantifying variation and change in abundance of functional groups based on flow rate sensitivity, water quality and metrics of ecological condition. All metrics recovered to pre-flood conditions within seven months after the flood event. Similarly, cumulative impacts of land use effected significant decreases in some but not all metrics. Indices that did not change, including SASS total score and ASPT, were the result of insufficient consideration of the decrease in the abundance of sensitive taxa specifically, and the abundance of all taxa in general. The decrease in abundance of sensitive taxa could signal imminent collapse in certain metrics. Evidence is also provided for a shift in the structure of fish assemblages linked to the decrease and loss of taxa sensitive to ecosystem degradation caused by the longer-term impacts of land-use change.     

云南菜食花植物资源与食花文化调查

为了摸清云南省菜食花植物资源种类、自然分布与食用地区、食用方法等土著知识,对云南省16个地州102个县(市)农贸市场、地方菜餐馆、民间食花者进行了访问调查,对菜食花植物进行了植物学实地鉴定。调查到云南省菜食花植物140种,隶属52科108属,其中木本植物82种,草本植物58种;人工栽培76种,人工驯化栽培14种,野生资源50种。首次报道苦绳(Dregea sinensis Hemsl.)、云南山楂(Crataegus scabrifolia(Franch.)Rehder)、滇海水仙花(Primula pseudodenticulata Pax)、长毛黄葵(Abelmoschus crinitus Wall.)、尖叶美容杜鹃(Rhododendron caloplytum var.openshawianum(Rehd.et Wils.)Chamb.)、大纽子花(Vallaris indecora(Baill.)Tsiang et P.T.Li)、大花虫豆(Cajanus grandiflorus(Benth.ex Baker)Maesen Vaniot der Maesen)、须弥葛(Pueraria wallichii DC.)、白花灯笼(Clerodendrum fortunatum L.)等9种植物的花可以做菜食用。菜食花植物自然分布区与食用地区并非完全重叠,食用地区一般分布有该植物,而分布有该植物的地区不一定食用;食用种类具有从南向北逐渐减少的特点,与食花植物丰富度和少数民族有一定的关系;食花习俗具有一定的民族性,主要体现食花的种类和烹饪口味上。不同菜食花食用的部位不同,烹饪方式也呈多样化。本文针对食用花传统文化的消失与野生菜食花资源的开发利用提出了相关建议。     

云南主要有害实蝇种类及区划

采用诱剂诱捕辅以受害瓜果调查的方法,系统梳理了云南有害实蝇类群,确定主要有害种类25种。基于云南自然地理特征,采用聚类分析法深入探讨了云南实蝇区系,提出云南实蝇地理区划可分为德宏、版纳盆谷区,南部边缘中低山宽谷区,滇西南山原峡谷区,中东部高原、岩溶山原区以及北部高原山地区等5大区域。研究发现,受热量条件制约,云南主要有害实蝇类群呈南北向梯度递减;受纵向岭谷区"通道-阻隔"综合作用影响,云南西南部河谷地区是实蝇危害较为严重的区域。首次系统揭示了云南主要有害实蝇的地理分布规律。     

Chewing lice from high‐altitude and migrating birds in Yunnan,China, with descriptions of two new species of Guimaraesiella

In total, 366 birds representing 55 species in 24 families and eight orders, were examined for chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera) in two high‐altitude localities in Yunnan Province, China. In Ailaoshan, almost all of the birds examined were resident passeriforms, of which 36% were parasitized by chewing lice. In Jinshanyakou, most birds were on migration, and included both passerine and non‐passerine birds. Of the passerine birds caught in Jinshanyakou, only one bird (0.7%) was parasitized by chewing lice. The prevalence of Myrsidea and Brueelia‐complex lice on birds caught in Ailaoshan was higher than in previous reports. Of the chewing lice identifiable to species level, three represent new records for China: Actornithophilus hoplopteri (Mjöberg, 1910), Maculinirmus ljosalfar Gustafsson & Bush, 2017 and Quadraceps sinensis Timmermann, 1954. In total, 17 new host records are included, of which we describe two as new species in the Brueelia‐complex: Guimaraesiella (Cicchinella) ailaoshanensis sp. nov. ex Schoeniparus dubius dubius (Hume, 1874) and G. (C.) montisodalis sp. nov. ex Fulvetta manipurensis tonkinensis Delacour & Jabouille, 1930. This published work has been registered in ZooBank, http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9FC3D8EE‐2CED‐4DBE‐A1DB‐471B71260D27 .     

抗青枯病烟草种质资源在云南省的评价

筛选出抗性稳定的种质资源是选育抗病品种的重要基础。本文采用人工接种和病田自然发病方法鉴定了48份烟草种质的青枯病抗性表现。土壤盆栽接种鉴定表现为高抗的材料有CF207、岩烟97、TI448A、DB101、G80、RG17、GTH-1等7份材料,表现抗病的有MSK149、Oxford 2028、NC95、YN108、K346、K358、Enshu FC、Oxford 207、RG11等9份材料。苗期恒温水培接种鉴定结果表明,Oxford 207和岩烟97表现为高抗,Enshu FC表现抗病,抗病材料与云烟85和K326杂交F1的抗性表现为中感至抗病。田间自然发病鉴定结果表明,我国审定的中抗青枯病的品种RG17、RG11、K358和K346,在云南省田间抗性表现为中抗,产值较高。TI448A田间表现为抗青枯病,但易感黑胫病和空茎病。Oxford 2028和Oxford 207田间表现为抗病至高抗,产值较高。G3和岩烟97田间分别表现为高抗和抗病,产值较低。根据接种鉴定和田间病圃2年抗性鉴定,筛选出育种潜力较大的青枯病抗源Oxford 207、Enshu FC,岩烟97和TI448A。     

Matsutake Trade in Yunnan Province,China: An Overview

Matsutake Trade in Yunnan Province, China: An Overview. Matsutake are economically important wild mushrooms that contribute greatly to rural livelihoods and local economies in many parts of the northern hemisphere. This paper provides an overview of the matsutake trade in Yunnan province, China, where increased attention is being given to the sustainable utilization of nontimber forest products. Topics covered include the distribution, production, and export of matsutake in Yunnan, and the market chain for matsutake in Yunnan, whereby matsutake are harvested from the wild and exported to Japan within 48 hours.     

云南丽江-大理地区现代表土花粉垂直分布特征

文章主要研究云南丽江-大理地区不同海拔高度表土花粉。虽然松属花粉在各个植被带都占有优势，但是建群种花粉含量相对较高。降趋对应分析法（detrended correspondenc eanalysis，简称DCA）分析显示，表土花粉的分布和海拔之间具有非常密切的关系，DCA第一轴的值和海拔高度之间的线性相关系数达0．82（r^2=0．82）。此次研究表明，在云南山地，可以通过含量相对较高的花粉来重建古植被。