苓桂术甘汤联合电针风池供血穴治疗椎基底动脉供血不足性眩晕的临床研究

目的:探讨苓桂术甘汤联合电针风池供血穴治疗椎基底动脉供血不足(VBI)性眩晕的临床疗效。方法:选择2017年11月-2019年8月我院收治的VBI性眩晕患者145例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分成联合组(75例)和对照组(70例)。在基础治疗的前提下,联合组采用苓桂术甘汤联合电针风池供血穴治疗,对照组采用西比灵治疗。比较两组临床疗效、眩晕改善情况、脑动脉血流速度指标、动脉硬化指数(AI)以及血液流变学指标。结果:治疗后联合组总有效率为89.33%,高于对照组的75.71%(P<0.05);治疗后联合组眩晕症状积分、欧洲眩晕评分量表(EEV)评分和眩晕障碍量表(DHI)评分低于对照组(P<0.05);联合组治疗后左侧动脉、基底动脉峰值流速(Vp)、左右侧动脉、基底动脉平均血流速度(Vm)均高于对照组,左侧动脉、基底动脉血管搏动指数(PI)、右侧动脉血管阻力指数(RI)、AI、高切全血黏度、中切全血黏度、低切全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞压积均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:苓桂术甘汤联合电针风池供血穴治疗VBI性眩晕,能够缓解患者的眩晕状况,疗效确切,改善脑动脉血流速度和脑动脉硬化程度,降低血液黏度。     

视频眼震检查在主诉非典型眩晕患者中的临床应用价值

目的:探讨视频眼震检查在主诉非典型眩晕患者中的临床应用价值。方法:分析118例主诉非典型眩晕患者的裸眼眼震、视频眼震,结合查体、已有的或者后续的双温试验、听力学检查以及影像学等临床资料,评估视频眼震检查的应用对前庭疾病临床诊断的意义。结果:主诉持续头昏沉感患者10例、飘飘感23例;低头、抬头、坐起、躺下、翻身等头部位置改变时不穏感50例;或者上述动作引起瞬间旋转感35例。以上患者均行自发性眼震检查和位置试验,裸眼下观察到眼震的患者有19例(19/118,16.1%),均得到临床诊断;视频下记录到眼震67例(67/118,56.8%),其中60例(60/118,50.8%)得出临床诊断。两种方法的眼震检出率比较差异有显著的统计学意义(P0.05),视频眼震检查的检出率显著高于裸眼下观察。结论:视频眼震检查所采用的眼罩有暗室诱发的效果,方便快捷,较裸眼观察,可显著地增加以下几种主诉非典型(转头时飘飘感,低头、抬头、坐起、躺下、翻身等头部位置改变时不穏感或者瞬间旋转感)眩晕患者眼震的临床诱发率,提供进一步的诊查方向,提高临床上对主诉非典型眩晕患者的诊断率。     

补阳还五汤联合强力定眩片对后循环缺血性眩晕患者眩晕症状、氧化应激及血流指标的影响

目的:探讨补阳还五汤联合强力定眩片对后循环缺血(PCI)性眩晕患者眩晕症状、氧化应激及血流指标的影响。方法:选取中国中医科学院西苑医院于2018年12月~2019年12月间接收的80例PCI性眩晕患者,采用信封法将患者随机分为对照组(n=40,常规西医治疗)和研究组(n=40,常规西医基础上增加补阳还五汤联合强力定眩片治疗),比较两组患者临床疗效、眩晕症状、氧化应激及血流指标,记录两组治疗期间不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗2个疗程后,研究组的总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗2个疗程后眩晕障碍量表(DHI)评分、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、一氧化氮(NO)水平、椎动脉平均血流速度、基底动脉平均血流速度均升高,且研究组高于对照组(P<0.05);两组丙二醛(MDA)水平、全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞压积均降低,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较无差异(P>0.05)。结论:补阳还五汤联合强力定眩片治疗PCI性眩晕患者,可改善患者眩晕症状及血流状况,降低机体氧化应激程度,疗效确切,且用药安全性较好。     

Physical interactions of static magnetic fields with living tissues

Clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was introduced in the early 1980s and has become a widely accepted and heavily utilized medical technology. This technique requires that the patients being studied be exposed to an intense magnetic field of a strength not previously encountered on a wide scale by humans. Nonetheless, the technique has proved to be very safe and the vast majority of the scans have been performed without any evidence of injury to the patient. In this article the history of proposed interactions of magnetic fields with human tissues is briefly reviewed and the predictions of electromagnetic theory on the nature and strength of these interactions are described. The physical basis of the relative weakness of these interactions is attributed to the very low magnetic susceptibility of human tissues and the lack of any substantial amount of ferromagnetic material normally occurring in these tissues. The presence of ferromagnetic foreign bodies within patients, or in the vicinity of the scanner, represents a very great hazard that must be scrupulously avoided. As technology and experience advance, ever stronger magnetic field strengths are being brought into service to improve the capabilities of this imaging technology and the benefits to patients. It is imperative that vigilance be maintained as these higher field strengths are introduced into clinical practice to assure that the high degree of patient safety that has been associated with MRI is maintained.     

眩晕宁颗粒联合盐酸倍他司汀对VBIV患者动脉血流速度、氧化应激及血液流变学的影响

摘要 目的：探讨眩晕宁颗粒联合盐酸倍他司汀对椎-基底动脉供血不足性眩晕症（VBIV）患者动脉血流速度、氧化应激及血液流变学的影响。方法：选取我院于2018年2月~2019年7月期间接收的360例VBIV患者。采用随机数字表法将患者分为研究组（n=180）、对照组（n=180）,对照组予以盐酸倍他司汀治疗,研究组在对照组基础上联合眩晕宁颗粒治疗,比较两组患者疗效、动脉血流速度、氧化应激及血液流变学指标情况,记录两组不良反应发生率。结果：研究组治疗1个月后的临床总有效率为84.44%（152/180）;高于对照组的66.11%（119/180）（P<0.05）。两组患者治疗1个月后左侧椎动脉、右侧椎动脉、基底动脉平均血流速度均升高,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组患者治疗1个月后超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）升高,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）;而丙二醛（MDA）则降低,且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组患者治疗1个月后红细胞聚集指数、红细胞压积、全血黏度均降低,且研究组低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组不良反应的发生率对比无差异（P>0.05）。结论：眩晕宁颗粒联合盐酸倍他司汀治疗VBIV,可减轻机体氧化应激,改善患者动脉血流速度及血液流变学,且不增加不良反应发生率,疗效显著。     

保守治疗颈性眩晕的研究进展

颈性眩晕是指因颈源性因素引起的以眩晕为主的综合征,多发于40岁以上,患病率非常高,临床表现为眩晕、颈头痛、耳鸣、耳聋、眼球震颤、恶心、呕吐、肩背痛、心悸、出汗等,症状不但复杂,而且不典型,患者常同时患耳鼻喉科与神经内科的疾病。研究表明,50岁以上的眩晕患者中,约50%为颈性眩晕,其伴随症状的复杂性和高患病率严重影响了患者的健康和生活。目前,颈性眩晕的发病机制、诊断标准、治疗方法仍未完全明确,常造成误诊、误治,且尚无一种治疗手段能够彻底治愈此病。手术治疗此病较少,临床多以保守治疗为主,包括手法推拿按摩治疗、牵引治疗、针灸及理疗以及中、西医药治疗、神经阻滞治疗等。本文主要对保守治疗颈性眩晕的研究进展进行了综述。     

EMBalance - validation of a decision support system in the early diagnostic evaluation and management plan formulation of balance disorders in primary care: study protocol of a feasibility randomised controlled trial

BackgroundBalance problems are caused by multiple factors and often lead to falls and related fractures, bringing large socio-economic costs. The complexity of balance control mechanisms, the lack of medical expertise, and the absence of specialised equipment contribute to the delayed or incorrect diagnosis and management ofthese patients. Advances in computer science have allowed the development of computer systems that support clinical diagnosis and treatment decisions based on individualised patient data. The aim of the EMBalance decision support system (DSS) is to support doctors facing this clinical challenge, to make a definitive diagnosis and implement an effective management plan. The EMBalance study will determine the accuracy of this supportive tool when used by non-specialist doctors. This study is funded by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme.Methods/designEMBalance is a proof-of-concept study designed as a non-commercial, international, multi-centre, single-blind, parallel-group randomised controlled trial to be carried out at four clinical sites in the United Kingdom, Germany, Greece and Belgium. The study is comprised of three stages: internal pilot, phase I (diagnosis) and stage II (management). For this purpose, 200 patients presenting with persistent dizziness (>3 months’ duration) to primary care services will be randomised to either the intervention group (diagnostic assessment with the DSS) or a control group (diagnostic assessment without the DSS). Patients allocated to the intervention group will be assessed by a doctor with the support of the EMBalance DSS, while patients allocated to the control group will receive a visit as per standard practice. Ultimately, all patients’ diagnoses and management plans will be certified by a consultant in neuro-otology.DiscussionEMBalance is the first trial to test the accuracy of a DSS in both the diagnosis of and the management plan for vestibular disorders across the healthcare systems of four different countries. The EMBalance study is the result of a combined effort of engineers and physicians to develop an accurate tool to support non-specialist doctors, with no risk for the patient. This trial will provide reliable information about the benefits of implementing DSSs in primary care while supporting the feasibility of testing the EMBalance algorithms in further research.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT02704819","term_id":"NCT02704819"}}NCT02704819. Registered 29 February 2016.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-016-1568-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

106例老年眩晕症的影响因素临床分析

目的:探讨临床中导致老年人眩晕发作的特点和诊治方法.方法:回顾性分析106例以眩晕发作为主要临床表现的患者的临床资料.结果:老年患者的眩晕发病年龄以60～70岁多见,女性明显多于男性.在106例眩晕患者中,周围性眩晕33例,中枢性眩晕58例,非系统性眩晕15例.引起老年眩晕症的病因以中枢性眩晕为主,心脑血管病是主要病因,其中最常见病因是椎-基底动脉供血不足.结论:老年眩晕是多种因素协同作用的结果,确定病因,全面检查,多科联合诊治十分必要.