Possible domestication of uranium oxides using biological assistance reduction

Uranium has been defined in material research engineering field as one of the most energetic radioactive elements in the entire Mendeleev periodic table. The manipulation of uranium needs higher theories and sophisticated apparatus even in nuclear energy extraction or in many other chemical applications. Above the nuclear exploitation level, the chemical conventional approaches used, require a higher temperature and pressure to control the destination of ionic form. However, it has been discovered later that at biological scale, the manipulation of this actinide is possible under friendly conditions. The review summarizes the relevant properties of uranium element and a brief characterization of nanoparticles, based on some structural techniques. These techniques reveal the common link between chemical approaches and biological assistance in nanoparticles. Also, those biological entities have been able to get it after reduction. Uranium is known for its ability to destroy ductile materials. So, if biological cell can really reduce uranium, then how does it work?     

Responses to a stranger mother-son pair in the wild chimpanzee: A case report

A stranger mother-son pair of the chimpanzee was observed twice interacting with conspecifics of a neighbouring unit-group: first, when the mother and son accidentally encountered them within the core area of the former; second, when the mother and son temporarily immigrated for about one week. On both occasions, the mother and son were severely attacked by adult males of the neighbouring unit-group, and would have been killed had it not been for human intervention. The main target of the aggression was not the infant, but the mother. Some adult males intervened and prevented other males and females from attacking the mother-son pair. Moreover, most adult males displayed an ambivalent attitude since they showed aggression towards them on one occasion, but groomed, reassured and played on another. The reasons for the variable responses of adult males to a stranger female are discussed in terms of possible differences in their mating strategies.     

The efficacy of biobehavioral and compliance interventions in the adjunctive treatment of mild pregnancy-induced hypertension

This investigation assessed the efficacy of a biobehavioral intervention in the adjunctive treatment of mild pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), a potentially serious complication of pregnancy in which normotensive women develop hypertension, proteinuria, and edema of unknown etiology late in gestation. Forty-five women with symptoms of PIH were randomly assigned to one of three treatment conditions: bed rest alone (the most common obstetrical treatment), bed rest with individualized compliance enhancement training, or a four-session biobehavioral treatment consisting of bed rest, compliance enhancement training, and individualized thermal biofeedback-assisted relaxation training. Results indicated that while blood pressure for the bed rest and compliance enhancement groups continued to rise and pose an increasing health risk to maternal and fetal well-being, subjects in the biobehavioral group maintained their blood pressure at a significantly lower, and presumably safer, level. The biobehavioral treatment is hypothesized to affect blood pressure levels in subjects with mild PIH through the mediation of the sympathetic nervous system, decreasing peripheral vascular resistance and cardiac output. The results of this investigation suggest that the biobehavioral intervention may be an effective adjunct to bed rest in the treatment of mild PIH remote from term.     

Free Radical Formation by Ultrasound in Aqueous Solutions. A Spin Trapping Study

Our recent spin trapping studies of free radical generation by ultrasound in aqueous solutions are reviewed. The very high temperatures and pressures induced by acoustic cavitation in collapsing gas bubbles in aqueous solutions exposed to ultrasound lead to the thermal dissociation of water vapor into H atoms and OH radicals. Their formation has been confirmed by spin trapping. Sonochemical reactions occur in the gas phase (pyrolysis reactions), in the gas-liquid interfacial region, and in the bulk of the solution (radiation-chemistry reactions). The high temperature gradients in the interfacial regions lead to pyrolysis products from non-volatile solutes present at sufficiently high concentrations. The sonochemically generated radicals from carboxylic acids, amino acids, dipeptides. sugars, pyrimidine bases. nucleosides and nucleo-tides were identified by spin trapping with the non-volatile spin trap 3.5-dibromo-2.6-dideuterio-4-nitrosobenzenesulfonate. At low concentrations of the non-volatile solutes. the spin-trapped radicals produced by sonolysis are due to H atom and OH radical reactions. At higher concentrations of these non-volatile solutes, sonolysis leads to the formation of additional radicals due to pyrolysis processes (typically methyl radicals). A preferred localization of non-volatile surfactants (compared to analogous non-surfactant solutes) was demonstrated by the detection of pyrolysis radicals at 500-fold lower concentrations. Pyrolysis radicals were also found in the sonolysis of aqueous solutions containing only certain nitrone spin traps. The more hydrophobic the spin trap, the lower the concentration at which the pyrolysis radicals can be observed. The effect of varying the temperature of collapsing transient cavities in aqueous solutions of different rare gases and of N₂O on radical yields and on cell lysis of mammalian cells was investigated.     

Platelet activating factor (PAF) stimulates release of PGI2 from inflamed rabbit gallbladder cell cultures

This study examines the hypothesis that PAF stimulates release of PGI₂ from inflamed rabbit gallbladder explant cell cultures. New Zealand white rabbits underwent bile duct ligation for 72 h (72 h BDL), or sham operation, Sham and 72 h BDL gallbladder explants were placed in culture, and the cells grown to 75% confluence. The cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of PAF for 60 min. The media analyzed for eicosanoid release by EIA and the cells analyzed for cyclooxygenase and prostacyclin synthase content by immunoblot analysis. PAF increased release of 6-keto-PGF_1α from the 72 h BDL gallbladder cell cultures in a dose-related manner which was inhibited by indomethacin preincubation by 90%. The increased 72 h BDL cell release of 6-keto-PGF_1α was not associated with changes in the content of cyclooxygenase or prostacyclin synthase. PAF did not alter eicosanoid release from sham control cell cultures. These data suggest that PAF can only up-regulate endogenous 6-keto-PGF_1α release from the 72 h BDL cells that had been previously stimulated by inflammation. PAF may thus contribute to gallbladder distention and injury by chronic stimulation of inflamed gallbladder PGI₂ release.     

Fine structure of aphid stylet routes in plant tissues in correlation with EPG signals

Abstract. Plant penetration by Aphis fabae (Scopoli) was recorded by the electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique and followed by stylectomy during wave-forms that were suspected of indicating sieve element punctures. The severed stylets in the plant tissue were subsequently processed for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and sectioned either transverse or longitudinal to the stylets. Two completely serially sectioned probes from the epidermis to the phloem were reconstructed.
In one probe the stylet pathway went to a sieve element and showed many empty branches of salivary sheath material. Breaks in cell walls filled with sheath material demonstrated that the majority of cells bordering the track had been punctured, which supports earlier evidence from EPGs. All types of cells showed punctures and the highest number was found inside the vascular bundle. Very few cells died, which would appear to be important for virus transmission, and in others cellular reactions remained limited to some callose formation. The route of the stylets was intercellular and passed through the secondary wall material. The role of pectinase in intercellular penetration, and previous evidence for intracellular tracks are discussed. Most sieve elements had been punctured but only one was eventually accepted. Thus, reaching a sieve element in a host plant does not automatically imply its acceptance though the reason remains unclear. Gelation of phloem proteins was shown in the stylet canal.
In a second probe, plant cytological and morphological correlations with the EPG were emphasized. Probes by other aphid-plant combinations showed great similarity.     

Ethical obligation and legal requirements: On informed consent practices in Bangladesh

Informed consent to medical intervention is fundamental in both ethics and law. But in practice it is often not taken seriously in developing countries. This paper provides an appraisal of informed consent practices in Bangladesh. Following a review of the ethical and legal principles of informed consent, it assesses the degree to which doctors adhere to it in Bangladesh. Based on findings of non-compliance, it then investigates the reasons for such non-compliance through an appraisal of informed consent practices in Bangladesh and provides recommendations aimed at improving such practices. The significance of this paper lies in unveiling the interdependence between the ethical and legal traits of informed consent and their ramifications on strengthening the patient-oriented approach of duty to care.     

七氟醚联合瑞芬太尼维持麻醉对介入治疗颅内动脉瘤患者神经功能、认知功能、炎性因子的影响

摘要 目的：探讨七氟醚联合瑞芬太尼维持麻醉对介入治疗颅内动脉瘤（IA）患者神经功能、认知功能及炎性因子的影响。方法：选入2020年1月~2022年6月在我院接受介入手术治疗的IA患者80例,根据麻醉方式不同分为A组（七氟醚联合瑞芬太尼）和B组（丙泊酚联合瑞芬太尼）,每组40例。评价两组患者的神经功能、认知功能、炎症因子水平等指标,并进行统计比较。结果：A组T1~T3时心率（HR）和平均动脉压（MAP）明显优于B组（P＜0.05）;A组术后24 h和术后7 d美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）评分明显低于B组（P＜0.05）,易智能精神状态检查量表（MMSE）评分显著高于B组（P＜0.05）;A组术后24 h、术后3 d血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、C反应蛋白（CRP）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）水平均明显低于B组（P＜0.05）;A组术后自主呼吸恢复时间、苏醒时间、拔管时间及拔管后躁动发生率较B组低（P<0.05）;不良反应无差异（P＞0.05）。结论：将七氟醚联合瑞芬太尼维持麻醉应用于介入治疗IA患者,可平稳血流动力学,改善术后神经功能及认知功能,降低炎症反应,提高麻醉苏醒质量。     

蝮蛇抗栓酶对家兔慢性胆囊炎防治的实验研究

作者用家兔４２只随机分成造型组（Ａ）,预防组（Ｂ）及治疗组（Ｃ）。各组又分处理组（Ａ１、Ｂ１、Ｃ１）和对照组（Ａ２、Ｂ２、Ｃ２）两个亚组。Ａ２组仅喂基本饲料,其余５组喂基本饲料加造型剂。Ａ组没用任何治疗。Ｂ１组慢性胆囊炎形成前,Ｃ１组慢性胆囊炎形成后分别用蝮蛇抗栓酶（０．２Ｕ／ｋｇ／日３０天）,Ｂ２和Ｃ２组仅给等量生理盐水。Ａ２及治疗后的Ｂ１、Ｃ１组血清胆固醇含量均明显低于Ａ１、Ｂ２、Ｃ２组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。胆囊的病理变化,Ｂ２和Ｃ２组改变明显,表面呈暗褐色,与周围组织粘连,粘膜面粗糙,胆囊壁增厚,体积增加,胆汁潴留,镜下粘膜增生呈乳头状,部分粘膜脱落,粘膜下及肌层水肿,炎细胞浸润。结果表明,蝮蛇抗栓酶对慢性胆囊炎既有预防作用又有治疗作用。     

正常胎盘的超声图像定量分析研究

我们用ＤＦＹ－Ｉ型超声图像定量分析诊断仪,测定组织结构超声图像的分贝,灰阶值,本文检测分析了３９例正常台盘测值。