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In order to investigate the effect of organic volatiles from poplar species on the host plants orientation of Saperda populnea, the essential oil in the 2–3 years old branches from the sapling or mature trees of Populus simonii Carr. and P. simonii Carr. × P. nigra L. were extracted using the steam distillation method. The chemical composition and relative content in essential oil from those branches was analyzed by GC–MS. The main components contained in those volatiles from the four kinds of branches are mainly aromatic compounds such as 1,2-cyclohexanedione, 2-cyclohexene-1-one, p-xylene and 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene and so on. The relative content of aromatic compounds contained in branches from saplings was higher than that contained in branches from old tress. EAG response and behavioral reaction of S. populnea L. to those four kinds of distillated essential oil were tested. The results shown that male and female adults of S. populnea L. shown significant choice behavior and strong olfactory response to those essential oil distillated from branches of P. simonii Carr. and P. simonii Carr. × P. nigra L.. The EAG bioassay of S. populnea L. to 10 kinds of monomers compounds which had relative higher contents was tested. The results shown that the EAG response of female adults of S. populnea L. to 1 mol L?1 p-xylene was intensest and reached 1.027 mV, the strength of their EAG response to 0.1 mol L?1 phenol took the second place. The EAG response of male adult of S. populnea L. to 1 mol L?1 p-xylene was strongest and reached to 0.824 mV, the strength of their EAG response to 1 mol L?1 salicylaldehyde took the second place. In the choice behavior test of S. populnea L. adult to monomeric compound carried out in ‘Y’ type olfactometer have found that female and male adult of S. populnea L. all appeared obvious positive taxis to 0.1 mol L?1 p-xylene. The selection rate of female and male adults ware (76.7 ± 4.1)% and (71.7 ± 2.6)%, respectively. The selective reaction to 0.1 mol L?1 1,2-cyclohexanedione and 2-cyclohexene-1-one were not obviously than that to 0.1 mol L?1 p-xylene. The male and female adult of S. populnea L. appeared repelling behavior to 0.1 mol L?1 salicylaldehyde.  相似文献   
2.
G. Tsankov  G. Georgiev 《BioControl》1991,36(4):493-498
During the period 1986–1988 the parasitoids of smaller poplar borer,Saperda populnea L. (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) along the Danube in Bulgaria were studied. A total of 898 smaller poplar borer galls were investigated—289 in 1986, 404 in 1987, and 205 in 1988. In the particular years the parasitoids of smaller poplar borer namelyBillaea irrorata Meig.(Diptera, Tachinidae), Dolichomitus populneus Ratz. (Hym.: Ichneumonidae), andIphiaulax impostor Scop. (Hym.: Braconidae) destroyed from 13.1 up to 28.0% of the pest larvae, thus decreasing their frequency together with the other limiting factors by 56.1% up to 81.2%. The tachinid flyB. irrorata decreased the smaller poplar borer larvae frequency by 9.3% up to 18.9%, while the ichneumonoidD. populneus, and the braconoidI. impostor destroyed insignificant percentages of these larvae—0.5% up to 1.7% and 0.5% up to 2.5% resp. The flight period of the pest preceded or almost coincided with the ones ofD. populneus, andI. impostor. The flyB. irrorata always appeared last and its flight period was expanded.   相似文献   
3.
本文研究了检疫截获的楔天牛属7种楔天牛八点楔天牛、白桦楔天牛、斑点楔天牛、柳楔天牛、青杨楔天牛、山杨楔天牛、十星楔天牛雄性外生殖器的形态结构,并提供其解剖图。研究表明,楔天牛属雄性外生殖器由阳茎基、中茎和内囊3部分组成。阳茎基的阳基侧突具有相对遗传稳定性,且在属内均成近似矩形,并首次测量了7种楔天牛的成虫雄性外生殖器阳基侧突的长宽比。得出了雄性外生殖器形态特征在楔天牛属种内差异小、种间差异大,并能用雄性外生殖器特征有效区分楔天牛属近似种的结论。  相似文献   
4.
【目的】揭示寄主体型大小对肿腿蜂生殖潜力的影响,进一步认识寄生蜂准社会行为的进化以及为大规模繁殖和利用肿腿蜂的生物防治实践提供科学依据。【方法】以管氏肿腿蜂Sclerodermus guani和寄主青杨天牛Saperda populnea幼虫为材料,为雌蜂终身连续提供称重的寄主,观察逐日产卵量及在无抚育条件下其子代蜂发育至成虫的表现,分析产卵时期(早、中和晚期)、寄主体重对产卵量及其子代发育指标的影响。【结果】寄主体重和产卵期均影响管氏肿腿蜂终身产卵量,产卵量随寄主体重增大而呈二次函数式增大,但随产卵期延长而大幅减小。寄主体重和产卵期互作影响管氏肿腿蜂子代蜂存活率、岀蜂数、成虫体重和性比等子代发育指标,表现在:(1)产卵早期所产子代蜂的存活率随寄主体重增大而略降低,产卵中期所产子代蜂存活与寄主体重无关,产卵晚期所产子代蜂的存活率可能与寄主体重无关;(2)产卵早期和晚期产子代蜂的羽化成虫数和性比不受寄主体重的影响,但产卵中期产的子代蜂出蜂数随寄主体重增大而增加,性比随寄主体重增大而逐渐减小;(3)产卵早期产的子代雌蜂体重随寄主体重增大而呈二次函数式增大,而产卵中期产的子代蜂体重不受寄主体重的影响。【结论】寄主体型大小对管氏肿腿蜂早期产卵量及其子代蜂发育表现有显著影响。  相似文献   
5.
从青杨天牛分离的几种致病真菌   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
从青杨天牛虫尸上分离出枝顶孢霉、球孢白僵菌、金龟子绿僵菌、轮状镰刀菌和尖孢镰刀菌5种病原真菌,其中枝顶孢霉为国内新记录。利用青杨天牛蛹对五种致病真菌进行了生物测定,5种病原菌的致病力顺序为:金龟子绿僵菌>球孢白僵菌>枝顶孢霉>尖孢镰刀菌>轮状镰刀菌。青杨天牛不同虫期对金龟子绿僵菌的易感性顺序为:1龄幼虫>蛹>老熟幼虫。利用金龟子绿僵菌和枝顶孢霉菌液田间防治青杨天牛幼虫,死亡率分别为95.56%及48.72%。  相似文献   
6.
苹楔天牛Saperda candida Fabricius(鞘翅目Coleoptera:天牛科Cerambycidae)原产北美,主要危害果树,300多年来被认为是原产地果园最具毁灭性的害虫。2008年该害虫首次传入欧洲(德国费马恩岛),因而受到许多国家的重视。该害虫的寄主植物苹果、梨、李、山楂等果树在我国种植非常广泛,具有十分重要的经济价值。该天牛会随着寄主植物的引进、调运进行远距离传播,我国应加强对该害虫的检疫。文章就其形态特征、危害特点、生物学特性及潜在风险作一阐述。  相似文献   
7.
An industrially valuable tree, aspen, suffers from several fungal diseases and insect pests such as the large poplar borer (Saperda carcharias). The role of the beetle as a pest of aspen and hybrid aspen was investigated in five aspen and three hybrid aspen stands in Finland. Approximately 50% of the trees in the study had signs of the large poplar borer. Of these trees, 5% had insect exit holes. Approximately 70% of the trees with larval galleries had only one or two larval galleries. The trees with larval galleries were on average 2 m shorter than those without larval galleries. No significant difference could be detected in the diameter growth between these two groups. The proportion of decay was greater in hybrid aspen (27%) than in aspen (14%). These results show that the large poplar borer is an important pest of both aspen and hybrid aspen in Finland. No significant difference was observed between the aspen and hybrid aspen stands in the number of trees with larval galleries. Hybrid aspen therefore does not appear to be more sensitive to damage caused by the large poplar borer. Thus, a change from hybrid aspen to regular aspen in aspen cultivation is unnecessary, presuming that healthy saplings and an optimal rotation time are used.  相似文献   
8.
Summary The larvae of the aspen borer, Saperda calcarata, which feed on the inner bark and sapwood of living aspen stems, are unable to digest cellulose. However, they can be transformed into cellulose digesters by adding the active cellulase complex of the fungus, Penicillium funiculosum to their diet. S. calcarata larvae are preadapted to exploit the digestive potential of ingested microbial enzymes. We argue that ingested fungal enzymes may be responsible for cellulose digestion in many, perhaps most or even all, cellulose digesting cerambycid beetles.  相似文献   
9.
Chi D F  Li X C  Yu J  Xie X  Wang G L 《农业工程》2011,31(6):334-340
In order to investigate the effect of organic volatiles from poplar species on the host plants orientation of Saperda populnea, the essential oil in the 2–3 years old branches from the sapling or mature trees of Populus simonii Carr. and P. simonii Carr. × P. nigra L. were extracted using the steam distillation method. The chemical composition and relative content in essential oil from those branches was analyzed by GC–MS. The main components contained in those volatiles from the four kinds of branches are mainly aromatic compounds such as 1,2-cyclohexanedione, 2-cyclohexene-1-one, p-xylene and 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene and so on. The relative content of aromatic compounds contained in branches from saplings was higher than that contained in branches from old tress. EAG response and behavioral reaction of S. populnea L. to those four kinds of distillated essential oil were tested. The results shown that male and female adults of S. populnea L. shown significant choice behavior and strong olfactory response to those essential oil distillated from branches of P. simonii Carr. and P. simonii Carr. × P. nigra L.. The EAG bioassay of S. populnea L. to 10 kinds of monomers compounds which had relative higher contents was tested. The results shown that the EAG response of female adults of S. populnea L. to 1 mol L?1 p-xylene was intensest and reached 1.027 mV, the strength of their EAG response to 0.1 mol L?1 phenol took the second place. The EAG response of male adult of S. populnea L. to 1 mol L?1 p-xylene was strongest and reached to 0.824 mV, the strength of their EAG response to 1 mol L?1 salicylaldehyde took the second place. In the choice behavior test of S. populnea L. adult to monomeric compound carried out in ‘Y’ type olfactometer have found that female and male adult of S. populnea L. all appeared obvious positive taxis to 0.1 mol L?1 p-xylene. The selection rate of female and male adults ware (76.7 ± 4.1)% and (71.7 ± 2.6)%, respectively. The selective reaction to 0.1 mol L?1 1,2-cyclohexanedione and 2-cyclohexene-1-one were not obviously than that to 0.1 mol L?1 p-xylene. The male and female adult of S. populnea L. appeared repelling behavior to 0.1 mol L?1 salicylaldehyde.  相似文献   
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