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EARL OF CRANBROOK PHILIP J. PIPER 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2008,94(2):413-419
Fossil mandibles of the Bornean shrew Crocidura foetida recovered from excavations at the west mouth of Niah cave, Sarawak, Malaysia, show that the late Pleistocene population at this lowland location was comparable in size with the large subspecies Crocidura foetida doriae , presently occurring at inland, upland locations. Two Holocene specimens fall in the size range of the smaller lowland subspecies C. f. foetida . Comparable post-Pleistocene size-reduction is known among other mammals of Borneo, but this is the first instance of dated examples. The evolutionary trend conforms with Bergmann's 'rule' but, other than climate change, no selective agent is apparent. © 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2008, 94 , 413–419. 相似文献
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Christopher D. Philipson Philippe Saner Toby R. Marthews Reuben Nilus Glen Reynolds Lindsay A. Turnbull Andy Hector 《Biotropica》2012,44(5):627-636
A continuing challenge in tropical ecology is to explain the coexistence of large numbers of rain forest tree species. One possible coexistence mechanism is partitioning of the highly variable and dynamic forest light environment, in which species that grow better in one light treatment grow worse in another. To test whether species respond differently to the light environment, we estimated growth rates of 21 Dipterocarpaceae species from Malaysian Borneo grown in shade houses for 2 yr in three light treatments (0.3%, 3%, and 18% full sunlight). We made regular measurements of height, diameter, and aboveground biomass, enabling us to calculate growth rates for each response. We estimated size‐specific growth rates using nonlinear mixed‐effects models, as average relative growth rate was strongly size dependent. For all species, the greatest diameter growth rate was achieved in 18 percent full sunlight, whereas for five of the twenty‐one species, the greatest height growth rate was achieved in three percent full sunlight. We investigated correlations among growth rates in different light treatments, but no negative correlations were found, indicating that species growing well in one light treatment did not grow poorly in the others. There were substantial crossovers, however, in species ranks among the three light treatments, indicating that there was no single growth rate hierarchy common to all light treatments. The lack of a single consistent growth hierarchy across light treatments indicates that heterogeneity in the forest light environment could contribute to the maintenance of the diversity of Dipterocarpaceae found in lowland Bornean rain forests via light‐based regeneration niches. 相似文献
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Seasonality and historic trends in the reef fisheries of Pulau Banggi, Sabah, Malaysia 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
L. S. L. Teh D. Zeller A. Cabanban L. C. L. Teh U. Rashid Sumaila 《Coral reefs (Online)》2007,26(2):251-263
The reef fisheries of Pulau (meaning “island” in Malay) Banggi, Sabah are not managed, and lack baseline fisheries data despite
forming part of a proposed marine park. Thus, a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches was applied to obtain
a baseline picture about the past and present state of the fisheries. Fish landings were monitored, and fisher interviews
conducted to investigate seasonal effects and historical changes in Banggi’s reef fisheries. Monsoon winds were a major driver
of seasonal differences in catch quantities for the hook and line, but not the gillnet fishery. Spatial distribution of fishing
effort and target species also differed by season. Fishers consistently indicated that Banggi’s fisheries were declining,
with a suggested three to four times decrease in catch rates over the last 20 years. Interestingly, it appeared that substantial
decreases began in the year 2000. The responses of fishers to seasonal changes, and the resultant implications for management
are discussed. Importantly, the need for immediate management policies to prevent further declines and to maintain sustainable
reef fisheries is stressed.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
相似文献
L. S. L. TehEmail: |
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Lydia C. L. Teh Louise S. L. Teh Fung Chen Chung 《Biodiversity and Conservation》2008,17(13):3061-3077
Many marine protected areas (MPAs), particularly in developing countries, have failed because of a lack of enforcement and
monitoring due to limited public funds for conservation. Private investment and management in MPAs offers a potential solution,
and has been applied with initial positive results at the Sugud Islands Marine Conservation Area (SIMCA) in Sabah, Malaysia.
Conservation fees charged to visitors to Lankayan Island Dive Resort within the SIMCA have generated a sustainable source
of financing to meet the majority of management costs for the conservation area, which is separately managed by a private
organization called Reef Guardian. The availability of adequate funds has enabled Reef Guardian to invest in personnel training
and surveillance technology to enforce the rules and regulations of the conservation area. In collaboration with government
enforcement agencies, Reef Guardian has reduced threats such as illegal fishing and turtle egg poaching. As a result, there
is a comparatively high abundance of commercially important fish, and turtle nestings at Lankayan Island have increased. Private
management can be effective in conserving biodiversity in MPAs, and may well succeed regionally in suitable locations.
相似文献
Lydia C. L. TehEmail: |
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Walsh RP Nussbaum R Fowler D Weilenmann M Hector A 《Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences》2011,366(1582):3354-3358
The context and challenges relating to the remaining tropical rainforest are briefly reviewed and the roles which science can play in addressing questions are outlined. Key messages which articles in the special issue, mainly based on projects of the Royal Society South East Asia Rainforest Research Programme (SEARRP), have raised of relevance to policies on land use, land management and REDD+ are then considered. Results from the atmospheric science and hydrology papers, and some of the ecological ones, demonstrate the very high ecosystem service values of rainforest (compared with oil palm) in maintaining high biodiversity, good local air quality, reducing greenhouse emissions, and reducing landslide, flooding and sedimentation consequences of climate change-and hence provide science to underpin the protection of remaining forest, even if degraded and fragmented. Another group of articles test ways of restoring forest quality (in terms of biodiversity and carbon value) or maintaining as high biodiversity and ecological functioning levels as possible via intelligent design of forest zones and fragments within oil palm landscapes. Finally, factors that have helped to enhance the policy relevance of SEARRP projects and dissemination of their results to decision-makers are outlined. 相似文献
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《Journal of bryology》2013,35(2):287-291
AbstractThe length of the annual growing season of five Sphagnum species was investigated on the Silver Flowe N.N.R. It ranged from five to six months for S. papillosum and S. magellanicum through approximately seven and ten months for S. capillifolium and S. auriculatum var. inundatum to twleve months for S. cuspidatum A mechanism of hollow and pool enlargement is proposed. 相似文献
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Harmful algal blooms (HABs) resulting in red discoloration of coastal waters in Sepanggar Bay, off Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, East Malaysia, were first observed in January 2005. The species responsible for the bloom, which was identified as Cochlodinium polykrikoides, coincided with fish mortalities in cage-cultures. Determinations of cell density between January 2005 and June 2006 showed two peaks that occurred in March–June 2005 and June 2006. Cell abundance reached a maximum value of 6 × 106 cells L−1 at the fish cage sampling station where the water quality was characterized by high NO3–N and PO4–P concentrations. These blooms persisted into August 2005, were not detected during the north–east monsoon season and occurred again in May 2006. Favorable temperature, salinity and nutrient concentrations, which were similar to those associated with other C. polykrikoides blooms in the Asia Pacific region, likely promoted the growth of this species. Identification of C. polykrikoides as the causative organism was based on light and scanning microscopy, and confirmed by partial 18S ribosomal DNA sequences of two strains isolated during the bloom event (GenBank accession numbers DQ915169 and DQ915170). 相似文献
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