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1.
张富华  胡聃  孙凡  郭振  李元征  王晓琳  马生丽 《生态学报》2014,34(24):7385-7392
与光呼吸不同,光对植物叶片暗呼吸具有明显抑制作用。目前,植物叶片这一生理生态现象很少受到关注,但光抑制呼吸会导致叶片日间碳损失,对植物碳平衡有重要影响。利用Li-6400(Li-Cor,USA)光合仪模拟北京城区夏、秋季增温对月季(Rosa chinensis)叶片暗呼吸及光合参数的影响。结果表明:(1)短期增温处理显著提高了蒸腾速率(Tr),降低了胞间CO2浓度(Ci),夏季增温时气孔导度(Gs)降低而秋季增温明显升高。(2)夏季增温5℃,有光暗呼吸(RL)显著高于增温2℃(P0.05),而增温2℃对RL影响不显著(P0.05);秋季增温5℃,RL显著高于增温3℃(P0.05)。4个不同短期增温处理都对无光暗呼吸(RD)影响显著(P0.05)。(3)秋季增温5℃对光抑制呼吸影响显著(P0.05);其它3个短期增温影响不显著(P0.05)。(4)秋季增温5℃,月季暗呼吸对增温敏感性显著高于增温3℃的值(P0.05)。目的为分析城市白昼气温上升导致植物叶片碳损失估计提供实验案例,是提高城市植物碳汇生态服务功能可能途径的基础。  相似文献   
2.

Background

The pronuclear injection (PI) is the simplest and widely used method to generate transgenic (Tg) mice. Unfortunately, PI-based Tg mice show uncertain transgene expression due to random transgene insertion in the genome, usually with multiple copies. Thus, typically at least three or more Tg lines are produced by injecting over 200 zygotes and the best line/s among them are selected through laborious screening steps. Recently, we developed technologies using Cre-loxP system that allow targeted insertion of single-copy transgene into a predetermined locus through PI. We termed the method as PI-based Targeted Transgenesis (PITT). A similar method using PhiC31-attP/B system was reported subsequently.

Results

Here, we developed an improved-PITT (i-PITT) method by combining Cre-loxP, PhiC31-attP/B and FLP-FRT systems directly under C57BL/6N inbred strain, unlike the mixed strain used in previous reports. The targeted Tg efficiency in the i-PITT typically ranged from 10 to 30%, with 47 and 62% in two of the sessions, which is by-far the best Tg rate reported. Furthermore, the system could generate multiple Tg mice simultaneously. We demonstrate that injection of up to three different Tg cassettes in a single injection session into as less as 181 zygotes resulted in production of all three separate Tg DNA containing targeted Tg mice.

Conclusions

The i-PITT system offers several advantages compared to previous methods: multiplexing capability (i-PITT is the only targeted-transgenic method that is proven to generate multiple different transgenic lines simultaneously), very high efficiency of targeted-transgenesis (up to 62%), significantly reduces animal numbers in mouse-transgenesis and the system is developed under C57BL/6N strain, the most commonly used pure genetic background. Further, the i-PITT system is freely accessible to scientific community.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1432-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   
3.
对新疆东天山地区6个宽刺蔷薇(Rosa platyacantha)居群进行叶片、花序、果实、种子等11个表型性状的遗传多样性分析,结果表明:宽刺蔷薇各表型性状无论在居群间还是在居群内均表现出显著或极显著差异,存在丰富的表型多样性。6个居群11个性状的平均表型分化系数为27.50%,表明居群内多样性较居群间多样性更为丰富。各表型性状平均变异系数为16.51%,离散程度相对较低。对表型性状进行的变异系数多重比较和主成分分析均显示,果实相关性状的变异是造成宽刺蔷薇表型变异的主要来源。性状相关性分析进一步发现,生殖生长与前期的营养生长并无明显相关关系。聚类分析结果表明,6个宽刺蔷薇居群的表型性状并没有严格依地理距离聚类,而是受到遗传因素与环境条件特别是海拔因子的共同影响。  相似文献   
4.
Primates have long been used as indicator species for assessing overall ecosystem health. However, area‐wide census methods are time consuming, costly, and not always feasible under many field conditions. Therefore, it is important to establish whether monitoring a subset of a population accurately reflects demographic changes occurring in the population at large. Over the past 35 years, we have conducted 15 area‐wide censuses in Sector Santa Rosa, Costa Rica. These efforts have revealed important trends in population growth patterns of capuchin monkeys following the protection and subsequent regeneration of native forests. During this same period, we have also intensively studied a subset of the capuchin groups. Comparing these two datasets, we investigate whether the population structures of the closely monitored groups are reliable indicators of area‐wide demographic patterns. We compare the overall group size and the individual age/sex class compositions of study groups and nonstudy groups (i.e., those contacted during area‐wide censuses only). Our study groups contained more individuals overall with a larger proportion of infants, and there were indications that the proportion of adult and subadult males was lower. These differences can be ascribed either to sampling errors or real differences attributable to human presence and/or better habitat quality for the study groups. No other sex/age classes differed, and major demographic changes were simultaneously evident in both study and nonstudy groups. This study suggests that the Santa Rosa capuchin population is similarly impacted by large‐scale ecological patterns observable within our study groups.  相似文献   
5.
金线莲外植体筛选及愈伤组织诱导研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以金线莲茎段、叶片、茎片、不定芽为试材,分别在添加6-BA、ZT、NAA、KT 5个不同处理的MS及1/2MS培养基上培养,诱导愈伤组织。结果表明,以茎段、茎片、不定芽为外植体,在MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA0.5 mg/L、MS+NAA 2.0 mg/L+KT 0.1 mg/L和MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+ZT 0.2 mg/L培养基中培养,均能成功诱导愈伤组织。不定芽为诱导愈伤组织最佳外植体,最佳培养基为MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+KT 0.2 mg/L。  相似文献   
6.
采用正交设计及方差分析对影响狗蔷薇植株再生体系的因素进行了优化研究,结果表明:影响狗蔷薇植株再生的最主要因素是NAA和BAP,其次为AgNO3和蔗糖.适宜狗蔷薇茎尖再生的培养基为:MS+BAP1.5mg.L-1+NAA0.1mg.L-1+AgNO33.5mg.L-1+蔗糖40g.L-1+琼脂6.0g.L-1,植株再生频率高达96.3%,增殖系数为6.5.  相似文献   
7.
皖西大别山区金樱子野生资源贮备量的调查研究   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
本文采用不同地段金樱子多度调查,样方调查等方法,对皖西大别山区野生金樱子的资源储备量作了调查研究,提出了该区金樱子年产量的计算方法,并对金樱子的进一步开发提出建议。  相似文献   
8.
Sixty-seven species belonging to four sections of the genus Rosa were analysed by means of flavonoids and isozyme polymorphism (esterase, leucine amino peptidase and superoxyde dismutase). A clear delineation of most of Pimpinellifoliae and Synstylae was observed. A more subtle dichotomy was observed for the Cinnamomeae, which showed two groups: the first very close to the hypothetical ancestor of wild roses, the second much more advanced. The Carolinae section was associated with the first group of Cinnamomeae.  相似文献   
9.
Summary The ability of suspension-cultured rose (Rosa damascena Mill. cv Gloire de Guilan) cells to reduce ferricyanide is decreased by 50% during an overnight incubation in a low-nutrient (1 mM CaCl2, 0.1 mM KCl) solution. This loss is not observed when nitrate and/or glutamate is added to the low-nutrient medium, but it occurs in medium containing all the components needed for normal growth except nitrate plus glutamate. Thus, the cells possess both constitutive and inducible enzymes for the reduction of ferricyanide, and nitrate or glutamate is both necessary and sufficient to stimulate the production of the inducible enzyme.  相似文献   
10.
对中甸刺玫Rosa praelucens种子结构及其透水性,赤霉素处理对胚的影响,果壳、种皮、胚乳的粗提物活性进行研究。结果表明:(1) 中甸刺玫外种皮是由多层排列紧密的厚壁细胞组成,内种皮为坚硬致密的栅栏组织;(2) 种皮对种子的吸胀阻碍较大, 未处理的种子吸水率较低,吸水13 d后增加量为18.82%;(3) 果实结籽率为0.69%,多数果实中没有饱满的种子;(4) 赤霉素100 mg·kg-1预处理种子可加快胚的萌发速率;(5) 胚乳、种皮、果壳中存在内源抑制物。中甸刺玫种子的休眠是由其形态和生理特点引起的综合休眠。  相似文献   
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