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1.
目的:探索不同移植部位对移植的成年SD大鼠睾丸中睾丸间质细胞存活及雄激素分泌功能的影响。方法:将健康成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、假手术组、皮下组和肾包膜组。对照组大鼠不去势,其余大鼠于睾丸移植前1周行去势手术。对照组和假手术组去势后仅行背部皮肤切开,不进行睾丸移植;皮下组背部两侧各移植1/3个成年SD大鼠睾丸组织;肾包膜组每侧肾包膜下移植1/3个成年SD大鼠睾丸组织。4周后取材行HE和免疫组化染色,分析移植睾丸组织中睾丸间质细胞存活情况,ELISA法检测受体大鼠血清睾酮水平。结果:皮下组和肾包膜组移植物中难于见到完整的睾丸间质组织,但免疫组化染色发现大量HSD-17β1阳性细胞,对照组、皮下组和肾包膜组的HSD-17β1阳性细胞数分别为(24.33±4.30)、(9.83±4.05)和(12.67±2.81)个,对照组与皮下组相比差异具有统计学意义(p0.05);ELISA分析发现对照组、假手术组、皮下组和肾包膜组的血清睾酮浓度分别为(3.81±1.32)、(0.28±0.08)、(0.44±0.13)和(0.90±0.31)ng/m L,肾包膜组血清睾酮浓度高于假手术组(p0.01)和皮下组(p0.05),而皮下组血清睾酮水平高于假手术组,但两者差异无统计学意义(p0.05)。结论:移植的成年大鼠睾丸组织中的睾丸间质细胞可在受体肾包膜下或皮下存活,但肾包膜下移植可能更加有利于睾丸间质细胞存活和雄激素分泌。  相似文献   
2.
Polar lipids and membrane proteins are major components of biological membranes, both cell membranes and membranes of enveloped viruses. How these two classes of membrane components interact with each other to influence the function of biological membranes is a fundamental question that has attracted intense interest since the origins of the field of membrane studies. One of the most powerful ideas that driven the field is the likelihood that lipids bind to membrane proteins at specific sites, modulating protein structure and function. However only relatively recently has high resolution structure determination of membrane proteins progressed to the point of providing atomic level structure of lipid binding sites on membrane proteins. Analysis of X-ray diffraction, electron crystallography and NMR data over 100 specific lipid binding sites on membrane proteins. These data demonstrate tight lipid binding of both phospholipids and cholesterol to membrane proteins. Membrane lipids bind to membrane proteins by their headgroups, or by their acyl chains, or binding is mediated by the entire lipid molecule. When headgroups bind, binding is stabilized by polar interactions between lipid headgroups and the protein. When acyl chains bind, van der Waals effects dominate as the acyl chains adopt conformations that complement particular sites on the rough protein surface. No generally applicable motifs for binding have yet emerged. Previously published biochemical and biophysical data link this binding with function. This Article is Part of a Special Issue Entitled: Membrane Structure and Function: Relevance in the Cell's Physiology, Pathology and Therapy.  相似文献   
3.
In the present work, we performed docking and molecular dynamics simulations studies on two groups of long-tailored oximes designed as peripheral site binders of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and potential penetrators on the blood brain barrier. Our studies permitted to determine how the tails anchor in the peripheral site of sarin-inhibited human AChE, and which aminoacids are important to their stabilization. Also the energy values obtained in the docking studies corroborated quite well with the experimental results obtained before for these oximes.  相似文献   
4.
Functional domains of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
Summary 1. The cloning of the mammalian gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor sets the stage for rapid progress in understanding the structure of the receptor, its interaction with ligand, and its mechanisms of activation.2. The receptor is a 327 to 328-amino acid seven-transmembrane domain G protein-coupled receptor.3. Recent site-direct mutagenesis studies have provided considerable insight into glycosylation of the receptor, the arrangement of the helices, and the ligand binding domains.  相似文献   
5.
Protein secretion in streptomycetes   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
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7.
Summary D-Cycloserine can enhance activation of the NMDA receptor complex and could enhance the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP). In animals and humans, D-cycloserine can enhance performance in learning and memory tasks. This enhancing effect can disappear during repeated administration. The enhancing effects are also lost when higher doses are used, and replaced by behavioral and biochemical effects like those produced by NMDA antagonists. It has been reported that NMDA agonists, applied before or after tetanic stimulation, can block the induction of LTP. This may be the result of feedback inhibition of second messenger pathways stimulated by receptor activation. This may explain the antagonist-like effects of glycine partial agonists like D-cycloserine. In clinical trials of D-cycloserine in age-associated memory impairment (AAMI) and Alzheimer's disease, chronic treatment provided few positive effects on learning and memory. This may be due to inhibition of second messenger pathways following chronic stimulation of the receptor complex.  相似文献   
8.
Type II antifreeze proteins (AFP), which inhibit the growth of seed ice crystals in the blood of certain fishes (sea raven, herring, and smelt), are the largest known fish AFPs and the only class for which detailed structural information is not yet available. However, a sequence homology has been recognized between these proteins and the carbohydrate recognition domain of C-type lectins. The structure of this domain from rat mannose-binding protein (MBP-A) has been solved by X-ray crystallography (Weis WI, Drickamer K, Hendrickson WA, 1992, Nature 360:127-134) and provided the coordinates for constructing the three-dimensional model of the 129-amino acid Type II AFP from sea raven, to which it shows 19% sequence identity. Multiple sequence alignments between Type II AFPs, pancreatic stone protein, MBP-A, and as many as 50 carbohydrate-recognition domain sequences from various lectins were performed to determine reliably aligned sequence regions. Successive molecular dynamics and energy minimization calculations were used to relax bond lengths and angles and to identify flexible regions. The derived structure contains two alpha-helices, two beta-sheets, and a high proportion of amino acids in loops and turns. The model is in good agreement with preliminary NMR spectroscopic analyses. It explains the observed differences in calcium binding between sea raven Type II AFP and MBP-A. Furthermore, the model proposes the formation of five disulfide bridges between Cys 7 and Cys 18, Cys 35 and Cys 125, Cys 69 and Cys 100, Cys 89 and Cys 111, and Cys 101 and Cys 117.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   
9.
Myosin-binding protein C 3 (MYBPC3) variants are the most common cause of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). HCM is a complex cardiac disorder due to its significant genetic and clinical heterogeneity. MYBPC3 variants genotype–phenotype associations remain poorly understood. We investigated the impact of two novel human MYBPC3 splice-site variants: V1: c.654+2_654+4dupTGG targeting exon 5 using morpholino MOe5i5; and V2: c.772+1G>A targeting exon 6 using MOe6i6; located within C1 domain of cMyBP-C protein, known to be critical in regulating sarcomere structure and contractility. Zebrafish MOe5i5 and MOe6i6 morphants recapitulated typical characteristics of human HCM with cardiac phenotypes of varying severity, including reduced cardiomyocyte count, thickened ventricular myocardial wall, a drastic reduction in heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output. Analysis of all cardiac morphological and functional parameters demonstrated that V2 cardiac phenotype was more severe than V1. Coinjection with synthetic human MYBPC3 messenger RNA (mRNA) partially rescued disparate cardiac phenotypes in each zebrafish morphant. While human MYBPC3 mRNA partially restored the decreased heart rate in V1 morphants and displayed increased percentages of ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and area change, it failed to revert the V1 ventricular myocardial thickness. These results suggest a possible V1 impact on cardiac contractility. In contrast, attempts to rescue V2 morphants only restored the ventricular myocardial wall hypertrophy phenotype but had no significant effect on impaired heart rate, suggesting a potential V2 impact on the cardiac structure. Our study provides evidence of an association between MYBPC3 exon-specific cardiac phenotypes in the zebrafish model providing important insights into how these genetic variants contribute to HCM disease.  相似文献   
10.
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