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1.
To discuss the cold resistance performance of different Herba Rhodiolae and successfully transplant Herba Rhodiolae to the Gansu plateau area for nursing, domestication and planting, this paper systematically studies six physiological and biochemical features of Rhodiola kirilowii, Rhodiola algida, Rhodiola crenulata and Herba Rhodiolae that are closely associated with cold resistance features and concludes with the cold resistance capability of Rhodiola kirilowii. In the selected six main indexes of the Herba Rhodiolae, the POD, SOD and CAT activity and MDA and Pro content in the leaf are the main physiological and biochemical indexes to indicate the cold resistance performance of four Herba Rhodiolae seedlings and can be regarded as the preliminary indexes to assess the winter performance of Herba Rhodiolae. The research work will provide the theoretical basis for the wild variants of Herba Rhodiolae and GAPJ base construction.  相似文献   
2.
Na2CO3胁迫对黄瓜幼苗生长及生理指标的影响   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
以‘津优一号’和‘春四’黄瓜为实验材料,采用砂培法研究了Na2CO3胁迫对黄瓜幼苗生长及生理指标的影响。结果显示,随着Na2CO3浓度的增大,两个黄瓜品种的幼苗根冠比逐渐下降,叶绿素含量先上升后下降,可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量、SOD活性逐渐上升;‘津优一号’的相对电导率和丙二醛含量随Na2CO3浓度的增大逐渐增加,而‘春四’的相对电导率和丙二醛含量在20 mmol.L-1时最低,此后逐渐上升。主成分分析结果显示,丙二醛含量、SOD活性、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量、叶绿素b,这5项指标在评价黄瓜幼苗的Na2CO3耐性方面是比较重要的。结合这5项指标综合分析,发现‘津优一号’较‘春四’有较强的耐碱性。  相似文献   
3.
Programed cell death resembles a real nature active defense in Datura metel against TMV after three days of virus infection. This adaptive plant immune response was quantitatively assessed against Tomato Mosaic Virus infection by the following physiological markers; Chlorophyll-a (mg/g), Chlorophyll-b (mg/g), total protein (mg/g), hydrogen peroxide H2O2 (μmol/100 mg), DNA (μg/100 mg), RNA (μg/100 mg), Salicylic acid (μg/g), and Comet Assays. Parameters were assessed for asymptomatic healthy and symptomatic infected detached leaves. The results indicated H2O2 and Chlorophyll-a as the most potential parameters. Chlorophyll-a was considered the only significant predictor variant for the H2O2 dependent variant with a P value of 0.001 and R-square of 0.900. The plant immune response was measured within three days of virus infection using the cutoff value of H2O2 (⩽1.095 μmol/100 mg) and (⩽3.201 units) for the tail moment in the Comet Assay. Their percentage changes were 255.12% and 522.40% respectively which reflects the stress of virus infection in the plant. Moreover, H2O2 showed 100% specificity and sensitivity in the symptomatic infected group using the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC). All tested parameters in the symptomatic infected group had significant correlations with twenty-five positive and thirty-one negative correlations where the P value was <0.05 and 0.01. Chlorophyll-a parameter had a crucial role of highly significant correlation between total protein and salicylic acid. Contrarily, this correlation with tail moment unit was (r = −0.930, P < 0.01) where the P value was <0.01. The strongest significant negative correlation was between Chlorophyll-a and H2O2 at P < 0.01, while moderate negative significant correlation was seen for Chlorophyll-b where the P value < 0.05. The present study discloses the secret of the three days of rapid transient production of activated oxygen species (AOS) that was enough for having potential quantitative physiological parameters for defensive plant response toward the virus.  相似文献   
4.
铀尾沙对油菜幼苗生长和生理特征的影响   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
采用沙培盆栽试验,以铀尾沙所占比例分别为0%(CK)、25%(T1)、50%(T2)、75%(T3)、100%(T4)的培养基质,研究了铀尾沙对芥菜型油菜、甘蓝型油菜和白菜型油菜出苗率、幼苗生物量、叶绿素含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量的影响.结果表明:不同比例的铀尾沙对油菜出苗率的影响差异不显著(P>0.05).3种油菜的生物量均随铀尾沙处理量的增加而呈先增后降的现象,甘蓝型油菜和白菜型油菜在T2时生物量最大,芥菜型油菜在T3时生物量最大.MDA含量则呈先降低后升高,甘蓝型油菜和白菜型油菜在T2时MDA含量最低,芥菜型油菜在T3时的MDA含量最低,并与叶绿素含量呈显著的负相关.随铀尾沙处理量的增加,3种类型的油菜SOD、CAT、POD、APX和GR活性逐渐增加,GSH含量也持续升高.铀尾沙对油菜幼苗生长和抗氧化酶系统产生了一定的诱导作用,而这3种油菜也对铀尾沙也表现出较强的耐受能力.  相似文献   
5.
Understanding the evolution of reproductive isolation is tantamount to describing the origin of species. Therefore, a primary goal in evolutionary biology is to identify which reproductive barriers are most important to the process. To achieve this goal, the strength of multiple forms of isolation must be compared in an equivalent manner. However, a diversity of methods has been used to estimate barrier strength, falling into several mathematically distinct categories. This study provides a unified method for calculating isolation that relates the amount of gene flow experienced by taxa to random expectations in a simple linear framework. This approach has three distinct advantages over previous methods: (1) it is directly related to gene flow, (2) it is symmetrical, such that measures in both the positive and negative range are comparable, and (3) it is equivalent between broad categories of reproductive isolation, allowing for appropriate comparisons. This linear formulation can be adjusted for use in all forms of isolation, and can accommodate cases in which null expectations for con‐ and heterospecific gene flow differ. Additionally, this framework can be used to calculate total reproductive isolation and the relative contributions of individual barriers.  相似文献   
6.
利用体视显微镜和组织细胞分析系统软件对北五味子种子萌发过程中形态学进行动态观察,并对其部分生理生化指标进行分析。实验结果表明,层积处理(4℃,沙培)初期,种子胚部较小,富含油脂;处理后期,胚部变得细长,逐渐伸向种子尖端一侧。处理60d时,种子开始萌动;至150d时,种胚突破种皮限制,开始发芽。随着种胚的发育,种子的含水量和可溶性蛋白的含量增加,α-淀粉酶活性逐渐提高,而可溶性总糖的含量则呈现先降低而后增高的趋势。  相似文献   
7.
We investigated the effects of maturation on the dynamic body sways of healthy girls. Prepubertal and postpubertal girls practising professional physical activities requiring a good ability to maintain equilibrium (acrobats and dancers) were asked to stand on a free seesaw platform and the results compared to those for untrained age-matched girls. This platform (stabilometer) allows self-induced body sways. Stabilograms were obtained by a double integration of the angular acceleration from the recordings of the platform sways made with an accelerometer. Fast Fourier transform processing of stabilograms allowed spectral frequency analysis. The total spectrum energy and the energies of three frequency bands (0–0.5 Hz, 0.5–2 Hz, 2–20 Hz) were determined. ANOVA showed that, for all groups of different equilibrium activity and independent of visual input, prepubertal girls had higher energy values than postpubertal girls in the 0- to 0.5-Hz band whereas the opposite was true for 0.5- to 2-Hz band. Ballet dancers were more dependent than acrobats on visual inputs for the regulation of their postural control but were less dependent than untrained girls at both ages. Maturation seemed to shift body sways towards higher frequencies and the utilization of the cues of postural control was different according to the type of equilibrium activity practised by the subjects. Accepted: 7 February 1997  相似文献   
8.
磁化水浸种对西瓜种子萌发及幼苗生理的影响   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
用不同强度的磁化水(0.05T、0.08T、0.10T、0.15T)浸种西瓜种子研究磁化水对西瓜种子萌发及幼苗生理的影响,结果表明:与对照相比,各种强度磁化水浸种都能提高种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和幼苗的抗坏血酸含量,其中0.10T磁化水处理后西瓜种子发芽率、发芽势提高幅度最大;对抗坏血酸含量的影响以0.08T处理最明显;经过不同强度磁化水处理后幼苗中的过氧化物酶同工酶酶、酯酶同工酶活性得到不同强度的增强,不同品种表现不同。实验结果说明磁化水处理后能明显提高西瓜种子的萌发能力,并能提高幼苗的各种生理活性。  相似文献   
9.
Yield of the clonal plant Glechoma hederacea was compared at different spatial scales, in heterogeneous and homogeneous environments providing the same amount of nutrients. For the heterogeneous treatments, environments were created with different patch sizes and different degrees of contrast in nutrient concentration between patches of different quality. Total clone yield differed by almost 2.5-fold across treatments, being highest in environments with large patches and high contrast, lowest in environments with small patches and high contrast, and intermediate under homogeneous conditions. Compared with plants in homogeneous conditions, there were significant increases or decreases in yield at all scales of measurement in many of the heterogeneous treatments. These effects on yield reflected a combination of local responses to growing conditions and modification of these responses due to physiological integration with other parts of the plant growing in contrasting conditions, supporting the proposal of de Kroon et al. (2005 New Phytol 166:73–82). The results show that plant yield at all scales is strongly dependent on environmental context, and that maximum yield can only be realized under a limited range of heterogeneous conditions.  相似文献   
10.
Plants often respond to elevated atmospheric CO2 levels with reduced tissue nitrogen concentrations relative to ambient CO2-grown plants when comparisons are made at a common time. Another common response to enriched CO2 atmospheres is an acceleration in plant growth rates. Because plant nitrogen concentrations are often highest in seedlings and subsequently decrease during growth, comparisons between ambient and elevated CO2-grown plants made at a common time may not demonstrate CO2-induced reductions in plant nitrogen concentration per se. Rather, this comparison may be highlighting differences in nitrogen concentration between bigger, more developed plants and smaller, less developed plants. In this study, we directly examined whether elevated CO2 environments reduce plant nitrogen concentrations independent of changes in plant growth rates. We grew two annual plant species. Abutilon theophrasti (C3 photosynthetic pathway) and Amaranthus retroflexus (C4 photosynthetic pathway), from seed in glass-sided growth chambers with atmospheric CO2 levels of 350 mol·mol–1 or 700 mol·mol–1 and with high or low fertilizer applications. Individual plants were harvested every 2 days starting 3 days after germination to determine plant biomass and nitrogen concentration. We found: 1. High CO2-grown plants had reduced nitrogen concentrations and increased biomass relative to ambient CO2-grown plants when compared at a common time; 2. Tissue nitrogen concentrations did not vary as a function of CO2 level when plants were compared at a common size; and 3. The rate of biomass accumulation per rate of increase in plant nitrogen was unaffected by CO2 availability, but was altered by nutrient availability. These results indicate that a CO2-induced reduction in plant nitrogen concentration may not be due to physiological changes in plant nitrogen use efficiency, but is probably a size-dependent phenomenon resulting from accelerated plant growth.  相似文献   
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