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1.
Few studies have quantified juvenile salmon growth among different habitats or evaluated the mechanisms controlling salmon growth and survival. We used otolith microstructure to compare daily relative growth rates among main-channel riverine areas, off-channel ponds, and non-natal seasonal tributaries of the Sacramento River, CA. We compared prey availability, prey preference, and stomach fullness between these sites. We observed larger average otolith growth increments, higher prey densities, and warmer water temperatures in both off-channel ponds and non-natal seasonal tributaries compared to the main-channel areas in both 2001 and 2002. Our findings suggest that warmer temperatures and abundant prey in off-channel habitats during Central Valley Chinook salmon rearing periods may lead to higher growth rates, which in turn may improve juvenile survival. Our results suggest that off-channel habitats may be critical habitats to include in conservation and management plans for juvenile salmon.  相似文献   
2.
湘江鳡仔稚鱼个体和耳石生长发育研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
2008年6月至7月间于鳡(Elopichthys bambusa Richardson)的主要繁殖季节在湘江采集鳡仔稚鱼共370尾,耳石分析表明这些仔稚鱼日龄在4—25d间,推算孵化日期为5月27日至6月22日。仔鱼前弯曲期向弯曲期转化时间为第6日龄,弯曲期向后弯曲期转化为第10日龄,后弯曲期向稚鱼期转化为15.5日龄。体长生长和耳石生长均在进入后弯曲期后(12—13日龄)出现1个节点:节点后体长生长速度是节点前的5倍,节点后耳石生长速度是节点前的2倍。早期生活史不同阶段鳡微耳石形态显著改变:前弯曲期耳石为圆形;弯曲期耳石前后轴的生长速度明显超过背腹轴生长,耳石也变为椭圆形;后弯曲期耳石进一步延长,耳石后端形成略尖的突起,耳石呈梨形;进入稚鱼期后,耳石后突起变得较为平滑,耳石形状呈贝形。耳石半径和体长的关系在后弯曲期阶段出现节点,节点前后呈不同的直线关系。  相似文献   
3.
青海湖裸鲤生长特征的研究   总被引:13,自引:1,他引:12  
对2002年5月—2003年7月采自青海湖的1174尾青海湖裸鲤样本年龄进行了耳石鉴定,并依据年龄推算了生长率。青海湖裸鲤体长与体重的关系为:W=0.000174×L2.4990(♀)、W=0.0000402×L2.7538(♂),雌、雄个体生长差异显著。其体长Von Bertalanffy生长方程为:Lt=551.9301(1-e-0.0711(t 0.3044))(♀),Lt=682.8688(1-e-0.0530(t 0.4240))(♂);体重Von Bertalanffy生长方程为:Wt=1237.3431(1-e-0.0711(t 0.3044))2.4990(♀),Wt=2567.3242×(1-e-0.0530(t 0.4240))2.7538(♂)。其雌、雄生长拐点分别为12.57龄和18.67龄。  相似文献   
4.
We evaluated the spatial and temporal scales over which otolith signatures varied in a reef fish on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) using the non-dispersing damselfish Acanthochromis polyacanthus. We found a robust multi-element separation in otolith signatures from reef clusters in the northern and southern GBR. Variance components indicated that this spatial scale accounted for the majority of the variation in two elemental ratios (Ba/Ca and Sr/Ca) over the 2 years of the study. There was also significant variation in elemental signatures between otoliths collected over two consecutive years, as well as within a season. Individual reefs within clusters were less distinguishable based on otolith chemistry and were probably observed by differences within reefs (among sites and broods within sites). These results indicate that it may be difficult to determine the reef of origin for individual fish using otolith chemistry, while determining natal region seems a realistic goal.  相似文献   
5.
太湖新银鱼移植对(鳖)早期摄食和生长的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究选择长江中游西洞庭湖水系太湖新银鱼移植水体(黄石水库)和未移植水体(蒙泉水库),研究太湖新银鱼(Neosalanx taihuensis Chen)移植对浮游动物食性鱼类(Hemiculter leucisculus Basilewsky)早期生长和摄食的影响。2009年7月下旬和8月中旬共采集稚鱼157尾,其中7月下旬采集稚鱼在14—23日龄之间,两水体间生长差异不显著;8月中旬采集稚鱼在20—49日龄之间,黄石水库生长率显著小于蒙泉水库。对样品耳石日轮分析发现25日龄之前两水体稚鱼生长率相似,之后黄石水库稚鱼较蒙泉水库生长慢。食性分析发现25日龄前两水体稚鱼食物组成相似,主要摄食轮虫、小型枝角类和桡足类;25日龄后黄石水库稚鱼食性没有显著变化,而蒙泉水库稚鱼则转食大型枝角类、昆虫及鱼卵和仔鱼。两水体气候条件、营养状况、鱼类区系组成上基本相同,是否有太湖新银鱼移植是两水体间的主要差别。太湖新银鱼春群在1—5月间繁殖,而的繁殖在6月下旬之后。因此在早期生活史阶段与太湖新银鱼的食物竞争会主要发生在转食大型浮游动物之后。太湖新银鱼摄食使黄石水库大型浮游动物饵料资源短缺,稚鱼在25日龄后不能转食,是导致黄石水库幼鱼在25日龄后生长减慢的重要因素。  相似文献   
6.
鳗鲡幼鱼耳石日轮的研究   总被引:15,自引:1,他引:14  
李勃  解玉浩 《动物学研究》1992,13(3):201-207
本文报道采自辽东半岛沿岸鳗鲡(Anguilla japonica)的白仔鳗和经人工培育的当年幼鳗耳石日轮生长的观察结果。白仔鳗和幼鳗耳石平均直径均与体全长成直线相关。12尾白仔鳗耳石的平均日轮数146.3,据此推测其产卵期为11—12月。观察证实从咸淡水转人到淡水生活的幼鳗耳石的环纹有过渡带存在。  相似文献   
7.
Synopsis Atlantic croaker, Micropogonias undulatus, sampled from a transect along a pollution gradient show a trend of declining growth and physical condition. This trend is apparent in the mean size of 0-group croaker, in their recent growth rate measured by marginal otolith increment widths, in longer term growth rate as indicated by relative otolith weights, and in general physical condition as measured by an index of condition of the caudal fin. We suggest that these measures are indicators of stress associated with environmental conditions. Because croaker from different positions along the pollution gradient were distinguishable, it appears that they remain for extended periods within areas of degraded environmental quality.  相似文献   
8.
Predicted increases in temperature associated with climate change are expected to have consequences for fish, in particular for Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, a cold-adapted fish species. Despite differences in predicted hydroecological responses to climate change in fluvial and lacustrine environments, little is known of whether fluvial and lacustrine Arctic charr populations may respond differently to increasing temperatures. In order to compare growth and thermal habitat use between habitat types, otolith-inferred average water temperatures estimated from whole otoliths and fork lengths at capture were measured for young-of-the-year (YOY) Arctic charr obtained from two proximal fluvial and lacustrine sites in Labrador, Canada. Otolith-inferred average experienced water temperatures were not significantly correlated with air temperatures at both sites, suggestive of behavioural thermoregulation by YOY. The majority of Kogluktokoluk Brook (fluvial) YOY were found using water temperatures consistent with laboratory determined preferred temperatures for juvenile Arctic charr, whereas most Tom's Pond (lacustrine) YOY were found using temperatures ranging between preferred temperatures and optimal temperatures for growth. There was no consistent difference between mean water temperatures used between YOY from the two sites. Otolith-inferred average experienced water temperatures were only correlated to fork lengths in Tom's Pond YOY. The lack of correlation in Kogluktokoluk Brook YOY is argued to reflect resource partitioning occurring as a result of territoriality known to occur among stream salmonids. The limited range of temperatures used by fluvial YOY in this study, particularly the lack of cooler temperatures, also suggests that fluvial YOY may face barriers to thermal refugia, and as a result may be particularly vulnerable to climate change.  相似文献   
9.
为确认茜素络合物对鲫(Carassius auratus)耳石进行有效标记的可行性,以便为鲫甚至其他鲤科鱼类标志放流技术的开发及效果评估提供一定的借鉴,本研究以孵出后90 d的鲫幼鱼为研究对象,设置单一浓度(100 mg/L)的茜素络合物浸泡标记5 d,分析茜素络合物在耳石上的沉积情况以及不同耳石在不同后续饲养天数的动态变化。结果表明,矢耳石、微耳石和星耳石上在可见光、绿色和蓝色激发光下都检测到了良好的茜素络合物标记环,标记率和存活率均为100%。但不同耳石的茜素络合物标记效果不同,荧光下,星耳石的标记效果最显著,微耳石次之;可见光下,微耳石的标记效果最好,星耳石次之。随着后续饲养天数的延长,可见光下标记逐渐减弱,至20 d时基本消失,而在绿色和蓝色激光下标记环荧光强度无减弱迹象,能长久保持,且在蓝色激发光下标记环更易被观测到。上述结果结合鲫生长、存活和行为正常等情况综合显示,在100 mg/L茜素络合物溶液中浸泡标记鲫幼鱼5 d,其耳石可以获得满意的标记效果。  相似文献   
10.
The Xenopus tadpole is able to regenerate its tail, including skin, muscle, notochord, spinal cord and neurons and blood vessels. This process requires rapid tissue growth and morphogenesis. Here we show that a focus of apoptotic cells appears in the regeneration bud within 12 h of amputation. Surprisingly, when caspase-3 activity is specifically inhibited, regeneration is abolished. This is true of tails both before and after the refractory period. Programmed cell death is only required during the first 24 h after amputation, as later inhibition has no effect on regeneration. Inhibition of caspase-dependent apoptosis results in a failure to induce proliferation in the growth zone, a mispatterning of axons in the regenerate, and the appearance of ectopic otoliths in the neural tube, in the context of otherwise normal continued development of the larva. Larvae amputated during the refractory stage exhibit a much broader domain of caspase-3-positive cells, suggesting a window for the amount of apoptosis that is compatible with normal regeneration. These data reveal novel roles for apoptosis in development and indicate that a degree of apoptosis is an early and obligate component of normal tail regeneration, suggesting the possibility of the existence of endogenous inhibitory cells that must be destroyed by programmed cell death for regeneration to occur.  相似文献   
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