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排序方式: 共有3517条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
2.
Lamyai Neeratanaphan Sukanya Khamma Rachadaporn Benchawattananon Patcharin Ruchuwararak Sombat Appamaraka Somsak Intamat 《人类与生态风险评估》2017,23(5):1086-1098
This research was conducted to assess heavy metal contamination in the environment and within Oryza sativa. The translocation factors (TFs) and bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) for heavy metals in O. sativa and estimated daily intake (EDI) and health risk index (HRI) were measured. The samples were analyzed for heavy metals using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Pb and Cr concentrations in water samples within and near the electronic-waste dumping area exceeded water quality standards for surface water sources from the Pollution Control Department in the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Thailand (PCD). The Pb concentration in soil samples within the area also exceeded soil quality standards for habitat and agriculture from PCD. Most of the metals were highly concentrated in roots, except for Mn which has the highest concentration in leaves. Pb concentrations in rice grains exceeded the FAO/WHO standard (0.2 mg/kg). The average TF values for heavy metals from the soil to roots, roots to stems, stems to leaves, and stems to grains were Mn > Pb > Ni > Cr, Mn > Cr > Ni > Pb, Ni > Pb > Mn > Cr, and Pb > Ni > Cr > Mn, respectively. The average BAF values in O. sativa were Mn > Ni > Pb > Cr. The EDI for Cr, Pb, Mn, and Ni via O. sativa consumption were 6.19, 6.02, 370.57, and 3.80 µg/kg/day, respectively. The HRI for Cr, Pb, Mn, and Ni via O. sativa consumption were 0.30, 1.50, 2.60, and 0.002, respectively. 相似文献
3.
R. Bacilieri M. A. Bouchet D. Bran M. Grandjanny M. Maistre P. Perret F. Romane 《植被学杂志》1993,4(2):241-246
Abstract. Germination and developmental behaviour during juvenile stages are of importance in relation to succession mechanisms acting on plant communities. This is particularly so in the Mediterranean region, where the climatic summer drought causes stress. We investigated and compared germination and development of four tree species in two parts of the French Mediterranean region where the original dominant tree species (Quercus pubescens) has been largely replaced by Quercus ilex in the southern part, and Castanea sativa in the northern part. Observed differences in germination rates and developmental behaviour, especially shootroot ratio and the role of water supply, suggest that other species may eventually replace the current dominant species. 相似文献
4.
Gravitropism of maize and rice coleoptiles was investigated with respect to its dependence on the angle of displacement or the initial stimulation angle (ISA). Close examination of curvature kinetics and the response to a drop in stimulation angle (SA) indicated that the gravtropic response during an early but substantial part of the curvature development is directly related to the ISA, there being no effect of the reduction of SA resulting from the curvature response itself. On the basis of this finding, the relationship between the steady SA and the curvature rate was determined. In maize, the curvature rate increased linearly with the sines of SAs up to an SA of 90 degrees. Rice coleoptiles, however, showed a saturation curve in the same range of SAs. The saturation profile was nearly identical between coleoptiles grown in air and those submerged in water, although the latter elongated much faster. Rice coleoptiles appeared to be far more sensitive to gravity than maize coleoptiles. It is concluded that the sensitivity to gravity, assessed through dependence on ISA, is a property inherent to a given gravitropic organ. Long-term measurements of curvature indicated that the coleoptiles bend back past the vertical. This overshooting was marked in submerged rice coleoptiles. 相似文献
5.
Ming-Tsair Chan Hsin-Hsiung Chang Shin-Lon Ho Wu-Fu Tong Su-May Yu 《Plant molecular biology》1993,22(3):491-506
We have successfully transferred and expressed a reporter gene driven by an -amylase promoter in a japonica type of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Tainung 62) using the Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer system. Immature rice embryos (10–12 days after anthesis) were infected with an Agrobacterium strain carrying a plasmid containing chimeric genes of -glucuronidase (uidA) and neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII). Co-incubation of potato suspension culture (PSC) with the Agrobacterium inoculum significantly improved the transformation efficiency of rice. The uidA and nptII genes, which are under the control of promoters of a rice -amylase gene (Amy8) and Agrobacterium nopaline synthase gene (nos), respectively, were both expressed in G418-resistant calli and transgenic plants. Integration of foreign genes into the genomes of transgenic plants was confirmed by Southern blot analysis. Histochemical localization of GUS activity in one transgenic plant (R0) revealed that the rice -amylase promoter functions in all cell types of the mature leaves, stems, sheaths and roots, but not in the very young leaves. This transgenic plant grew more slowly and produced less seeds than the wild-type plant, but its R1 and R2 progenies grew normally and produced as much seeds as the wild-type plant. Inheritance of foreign genes to the progenies was also confirmed by Southern blot analysis. These data demonstrate successful gene transfer and sexual inheritance of the chimeric genes. 相似文献
6.
Nutrient uptake relationship to root characteristics of rice 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Data on root parameters and distribution are important for an improved understanding of the factors influencing nutrient uptake
by a crop. Therefore, a study was conducted on a Crowley silt loam at the Rice Research and Extension Center near Stuttgart,
Arkansas to measure root growth and N, P and K uptake by three rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars at active tillering (36 days after emergence (DAE)), maximum tillering (41 DAE), 1.25 cm internode elongation
(55 DAE), booting (77 DAE) and heading (88 DAE). Soil-root core samples were taken to a depth of 40 cm after plant samples
were removed, sectioned into 5 cm intervals, roots were washed from soil and root lengths, dry weights and radii were measured.
Root parameters were significantly affected by the soil depth × growth stage interaction. In addition, only root radius was
affected by cultivar. At the 0- to 5-cm soil depth, root length density ranged from 38 to 93 cm cm-3 throughout the growing season and decreased with depth to about 2 cm cm-3 in the 35- to 40-cm depth increment. The increase in root length measured with each succeeding growth stage in each soil
horizon also resulted in increased root surface area, hence providing more exposed area for nutrient uptake. About 90% of
the total root length was found in the 0- to 20-cm soil depth throughout the season. Average root radius measured in the 0-
to 5-cm and 35- to 40-cm depth increments ranged from 0.012 to 0.013 cm and 0.004 to 0.005 cm, respectively throughout the
season. Total nutrient uptake by rice differed among cultivars only during vegetative growth. Differences in total nutrient
uptake among the cultivars in the field appear to be related to absorption kinetics of the cultivars measured in a growth
chamber study.
Published with permission of the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station. 相似文献
7.
Lack of ACTPK1, an STY kinase,enhances ammonium uptake and use,and promotes growth of rice seedlings under sufficient external ammonium 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
8.
The effects of salicylic acid (SA) on ethylene biosynthesis in detached rice leaves were investigated. SA at pH 3.5 effectively inhibited ethylene production within 2 h of its application. It inhibited the conversion of ACC to ethylene, but did not affect the levels of ACC and conjugated ACC. Thus, the inhibitory effect of SA resulted from the inhibition of both synthesis of ACC and the conversion of ACC to ethylene.Abbreviations ACC
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid
- EFE
ethylene-forming enzyme
- SA
salicylic acid 相似文献
9.
A field experiment was conducted for five consecutive years to determine upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) response to eight P sources at three P rates in an Oxisol of Central Brazil. The P sources tested were triple superphosphate
(TSP), Arafertil phosphate partially acidulated (APPA), phosphate of Patos partially acidulated (PPPA), phosphate of Araxa
concentrated (PAC), phosphate of Catalao (PC), phosphate of Jacupiranga (PJ), phosphate of Patos de Minas (PPM), and phosphate
of Abaete (PA). All phosphate rock sources were of Brazilian origin. The P rates used were 87, 174 and 262 kg P ha-1. Yield response to P sources and rates varied from crop to crop. Rice and bean yields were significantly correlated with
Bray 1 P, but not Mehlich 1 P. In the first year, TSP and the two partially acidulated phosphate rocks (APPA, PPPA) produced
higher grain yields. In the second year and all remaining years of the experiment, the efficiency of phosphate rock sources
as measured by grain yield was equivalent to TSP or partially acidulated P sources. The results suggest that these phosphate
rock sources could be used in rice-bean rotations on Brazilian Oxisols. Yield losses in the first year could be partially
offset by the addition of a small amount of soluble P. 相似文献
10.
Kah-Siew Tan Takayuki Hoson Yoshio Masuda Seiichiro Kamisaka 《Physiologia plantarum》1991,83(3):397-403
Rice ( Oryza sativa L. cv. Sasanishiki) coleoptiles grown under water achieved greater length than those grown either in air or under water with constant air bubbling. The extensibility of cell walls in coleoptiles grown under water was larger than that in the other treatments. Per unit length of the coleoptile, the content of ferulic and diferulic acids ester-linked to hemicelluloses was higher in air and bubbling type coleoptiles than in water type ones. The extensibility of the coleoptile cell walls correlated with the content of diferulic acids per unit length and per hemicellulose, suggesting that the enhancement of the formation of diferulic acid bridges in hemicelluloses in air or under water with air bubbling makes the cell walls mechanically rigid; thereby inhibiting cell elongation in rice coleoptiles. In addition, the ratio of diferulic acid to ferulic acid was almost constant irrespective of coleoptile age, zone and growth conditions, suggesting that the feruloylation of hemicelluloses is rate-limiting in the formation of diferulic acid bridges in the cell walls of rice coleoptiles. 相似文献