A novel ABCB11 mutation in an Iranian girl with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis

Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis is an autosomal recessive liver disorder caused by (biallelic) mutations in the ATP8B1 of ABCB11 gene. A nine-year-old girl with cholestasis was referred for genetic counseling. She had a family history of cholestasis in two previous expired siblings. Genetic analysis of the ABCB11 gene led to the identification of a novel homozygous mutation in exon 25. The mutation 3593- A > G lead to a missense mutation at the amino acid level (His1198Arg). This mutation caused PFIC2 due to abnormal function in the bile salt export pump protein (BSEP).     

Lipid and protein oxidation in hepatic homogenates and cell membranes exposed to bile acids

Cholestasis occurs in a variety of hepatic diseases and causes damage due to accumulation of bile acids in the liver. The aim was to investigate the effect of several bile acids, i.e. chenodeoxycholic, taurochenodeoxycholic, deoxycholic, taurodeoxycholic, ursodeoxycholic, lithocholic and taurolithocholic (TLC), in inducing oxidative damage. Hepatic tissue of male Sprague-Dawley rats was incubated with or without 1 mM of each bile acid, with or without 0.1 mM FeCl₃ and 0.1 mM ascorbic acid for the purpose of generating free radicals. Several bile acids increased lipid and protein oxidation, with TLC being the most pro-oxidative (657% and 175% in homogenates and 350% and 311% in membranes, respectively). TLC also enhanced iron-induced oxidative stress to lipids (21% in homogenates and 29% in membranes) and to proteins (74% in membranes). This enhancement was dose- and time-dependent and was reduced by melatonin. These results suggest that bile acids differentially mediate hepatic oxidative stress and may be involved in the physiopathology of cholestasis.     

重度妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症对母婴结局影响的临床分析

目的：分析重度妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症（intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy,ICP）对母婴结局的影响,以提高对ICP的认识与治疗水平。方法：选择ICP产妇58例,根据ICP分度标准分为轻度组（n=26例）和重度组（n=32例）,比较两组产妇的母婴结局。结果：与轻度组相比,重度组产妇剖宫产率、产后出血与平均产后出血量显著升高或增加,阴道分娩率显著降低,组间比较差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;重度组新生儿早产、胎儿窘迫、羊水污染和新生儿窒息的发生率均显著上升,新生儿平均出生体重显著降低,组间比较差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：ICP对产妇及新生儿均有不良影响,对ICP严重程度进行划分,有利于临床处理。对于重度ICP产妇,应尽早采取剖宫产分娩的方式终止妊娠。     

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症患者血管内皮祖细胞生物学变化

目的:研究妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy,ICP)患者血管内皮祖细胞(Endothelial Progenitor Cells,EPC)的生物学变化并探讨其意义.方法:40例28-40周孕妇分为ICP组(n=20)、正常组(n=20).用酶联免疫吸附试验法测定两组血胆汁酸浓度;用密度梯度离心法从外周血分离两组单个核细胞培养后进行EPC数量、增殖率、黏附及迁移能力测定并对胆汁酸与EPC相关性进行分析.结果:ICP组孕妇的EPC黏附、增殖和迁移能力明显受损;数量较正常组减少(P=0.00).结论:ICP患者血管内皮祖细胞功能受损,可能与高胆汁酸造成的细胞膜损伤有关.     

妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症发生的分子机制研究进展

妊娠肝内胆汁淤积症（Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, ICP）是发生在妊娠中晚期,以皮肤瘙瘁、黄疸、血清胆汁酸升高,伴轻度肝功能损害为特征的妊娠并发症,严重影响母儿健康。ICP的发病机制尚未完全阐明,但有研究表明在遗传易感性妇女中,性激素及其代谢产物导致胆汁酸代谢异常与本病的发生密切相关。现就目前国内外有关ICP发病机制的研究进展做一综述,一方面为探寻更深层次的机制提供理论基础,另一方面为临床治疗ICP提供思路和方法。     

VEGF-C和VEGF-D在肝内胆管癌组织中的表达与淋巴结转移的关系及临床意义

目的:探讨胆管癌患者血管内皮生长因子C和D(vascular endothelial growth factor-C and-D,VEGF-C and VEGF-D)在胆管癌组织中的表达及其与肿瘤淋巴结转移的关系。方法:应用免疫组化SABC法及Real-time PCR法检测57例胆管癌组织和正常胆管组织中VEGF-C、VEGF-D蛋白及其mRNA的表达。结果:胆管癌组织VEGF-C和VEGF-D表达明显高于正常胆管组织(P<0.01),其中淋巴结转移组VEGF-C、VEGF-D的表达与淋巴结未转移组间统计学差异显著(P<0.05)。VEGF-C和VEGF-D在胆管癌组织中的表达与淋巴结转移有关(P<0.01)。结论:胆管癌细胞非摄入性高表达的VEGF-C和VEGF-D与淋巴结转移密切相关,可作为评估胆管癌患者预后的重要参考指标。     

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症256例临床分析

目的:探讨改善妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症患者围生结局及围生儿预后的方法。方法:对2006年3月-2011年3月在我院住院分娩的256例ICP患者及从我院住院无并发症正常分娩的10112个患者中随机抽取的256例患者的产检情况、分娩方式、围生儿结局进行回顾性分析。结果:ICP组与对照组在分娩方式、产后出血、早产、新生儿窒息、羊水粪染、围产儿死亡等方面比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);产检组与未检组在产后出血、早产、新生儿窒息、羊水粪染、围产儿死亡等方面比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症可增加早产、胎儿宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息、产后出血发生率,重视产前检查和孕期保健,对ICP患者做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗,选择适当分娩方式、适时终止妊娠,对改善围生结局及围生儿预后有积极的意义。     

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症患者外周血中维生素D受体 与Th1/Th2 型细胞因子的变化

目的:研究妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症患者外周血中维生素D受体的表达与Th1/Th2型细胞因子干扰素-γ/白细胞介素-4(IFN-γ/IL-4)的变化关系,探讨ICP发病机制。方法:选取ICP患者31例(ICP组),孕周相匹配的正常孕妇31例(正常对照组)。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA法),检测两组孕妇血清中Th1型细胞因子(IFN-γ)和Th2型细胞因子(IL-4)的水平;采用实时荧光定量逆转录-多聚酶链反应(qRT-PCR),检测两组孕妇外周血单个核细胞维生素D受体(VDR)mRNA的表达水平,采用3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(GAPDH)为内参,根据相对定量公式:2-△△CT分析VDR mRNA的表达水平。结果:(1)ICP组外周血清中IFN-γ的浓度[(230.93±36.04)pg/ml]明显高于正常对照组[(138.37±25.08)pg/ml],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。ICP组血清中IL-4浓度[(9.99±3.19)pg/ml]和正常对照组[(8.58±2.43)pg/ml]比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ICP组IFN-γ/IL-4比值(24.56±6.91)高于正常对照组(17.13±4.84),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)ICP组外周血单个核细胞维生素D受体mRNA的表达明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01),正常对照组VDR的表达定义为1.0,ICP组的表达量为0.4。(3)ICP组外周血中VDR的表达水平与IFN-γ浓度呈明显负相关(r=-0.833,P<0.01),与IL-4浓度无明显相关(r=-0.109,P>0.05),与IFN-γ/IL-4比值呈负相关,但相关性不强(r=-0.356,P=0.049<0.05)。结论:ICP患者外周血Th1/Th2型细胞因子平衡由Th2向Th1偏移,可能与ICP孕妇外周血单个核细胞VDR的表达减少有关。