不同地区斑点叉尾鮰种内遗传多样性分析

采用RAPD方法对来源于美国三个地区的30条斑点叉尾鮰进行遗传多样性的分析。对60个随机引物进行筛选,选出能够区分地区内以及地区间种群遗传多态性的引物。通过统计学的方法计算分析得出三个地区各自种群内遗传相似率,德克萨斯州为82.52%,阿纳巴马州为80.46%,密西西比州为83.71%。对地区之间种群的遗传分化情况进行t检测分析得出三个地区之间斑点叉尾鮰种群的遗传特性各不相同,其中差异最大的是阿纳巴马州和密西西比州,差异最小的是德克萨斯州和密西西比州。     

Status of the tuatara,Sphenodon punctatus,on Hongiora and Ruamahua-iti Islands,Aldermen Group,New Zealand

Abstract

Results from a survey of the tuatara populations on Hongiora and Ruamahua-iti Islands, conducted in March 1986, do not support an earlier report that the Hongiora population is declining (Crook 1973). On Hongiora, 49 captures were made of 43 tuatara over 12 man-hours, and on Ruamahua-iti, 67 captures of 60 tuatara were made over 12.5 man-hours. The mean body lengths of Hongiora tuatara (male=250.4 mm, female=220.8 mm) were significantly larger than those of Ruamahua-iti animals (male= 187.6mm, female= 179.3 mm). We question the interpretation that the smaller average size of tuatara on Ruamahua-iti Island indicates that they are younger than those on Hongiora Island.     

Pest problems: The view of New Zealand federated farmers

Abstract

Agriculture is fundamental to the well being of the New Zealand economy. We are very much a trading nation and will continue, for the foreseeable future, to depend upon primary production for the generation of New Zealand's wealth.     

基于形态及分子特征的鳖扁蜡蝉长翅型研究

研究了鳖扁蜡蝉属Cixiopsis Matsumura长翅型雌虫的形态和分子特征.通过和该属的模式种,即鳖扁蜡蝉Cixiopsis punctatus Matsumura,1900短翅型的形态比较,发现该长翅型雌虫在形态学方面存在某些差异.为了明确该长翅型雌虫的归属,还测定了该长翅型雌虫和鳖扁蜡蝉短翅型的COI序列,结...     

环境温度对马尾松毛虫发育与存活的影响

通过模拟马尾松毛虫2、3代发生区内第2代幼虫发生期温度的变化,进行了高温、常温和低温3组变温试验.结果表明,在相同光照条件下,3龄以前的马尾松毛虫幼虫死亡率明显不同.马尾松毛虫幼虫死亡率在长光周处理内低温组为25.55%,常温组为55.13%,高温组为58.23%;在短光周处理内低温组为32.67%,常温组为64.67%,高温组为94.32%,说明高温是影响马尾松毛虫低龄幼虫死亡的主要原因.高温还影响马尾松毛虫幼虫的滞育.在相同短光周条件下,幼虫孵出后20 d,高温组幼虫40%发育为5龄,而低温组和常温组全部滞育;幼虫孵出后48 d,高温组全部结茧,而低温组和常温组仍全部滞育.试验证明,马尾松毛虫在第2代幼虫孵出后20 d内如遇连续高温环境,即使在短光周条件下,幼虫也不会滞育.     

Molecular characterization and transcriptional analysis of non-mammalian type Toll like receptor (TLR21) from rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus)

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a large family of pattern recognition receptors, which are involved in triggering host immune responses against various pathogens by detecting their evolutionarily conserved pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). TLR21 is a non-mammalian type TLR, which recognizes unmethylated CpG DNA, and is considered as a functional homolog of mammalian TLR9. In this study, we attempted to identify and characterize a novel TLR21 counterpart from rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) designated as RbTLR21, at molecular level. The complete coding sequence of RbTLR21 was 2919 bp in length, which encodes a polypeptide of 973 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 112 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 8.6. The structure of the deduced RbTLR21 protein is similar to that of the members of typical TLR family, and includes the ectodomain, which consists of 16 leucine rich repeats (LRRs), a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain. According to the pairwise sequence analysis data, RbTLR21 was homologous to that of the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) with 76.9% amino acid identity. Furthermore, our phylogenetic analysis revealed that RbTLR21 is closely related to E. coioides TLR21. The RbTLR21 was ubiquitously expressed in all the tissues tested, but the highest expression was found in spleen. Additionally, upon stimulation with Streptococcus iniae, rock bream iridovirus (RBIV), and Edwardsiella tarda, RbTLR21 mRNA was significantly up-regulated in spleen tissues. Collectively, our findings suggest that RbTLR21 is indeed an ortholog of the TLR21 family and may be important in mounting host immune responses against pathogenic infections.     

应用性外激素监测马尾松毛虫发生数量的初步研究

本研究采用持效期达 3 0天以上的复合橡胶载体的新型诱芯诱捕器对马尾松毛虫进行林间监测 ,发现诱蛾数量与田间调查的幼虫数量有很大的关联性 ,各乡镇每诱捕点平均诱蛾数与 1代、2代幼虫虫株率、平均虫口的变化趋势基本相同     

替代宿主增殖松毛虫质型多角体病毒的比较研究

银纹夜蛾幼虫 (Argyrogrammaagnata)对松毛虫CPV(DpCPV)十分敏感 ,本文对两种不同的宿主增殖松毛虫CPV作了比较 ,电镜证实用替代宿主增殖的DpCPV与原毒株多角体 (CPB)和病毒粒子的形态完全一致。 3 %PAGE分析二者的RNA图谱基本一致 ,有大小相同的 2 .98× 10 6- 0 .6 6× 10 6道尔顿的 10条带 ,用它增殖的DpCPV(Aa DpCPV)对松毛虫有相当的毒力 ,每头 3龄幼虫病毒产量平均为 2 .5× 10 8CPB。     

BP网络模型和LOGIT模型在森林害虫测报上的应用初报——以安徽省潜山县马尾松毛虫为例

以安徽省潜山县马尾松毛虫测报为例,在潜山县全县设置102个诱捕点,诱集越冬代成虫,并同时记录环境因子数据,例如树高、树龄、坡向、植被等。以这些环境因子为测报因子,以性外激素诱集到的雄蛾数代表田间实际发生情况,构建了森林重要害虫-马尾松毛虫的分类测报模型-BP人工神经网络和概率测报模型。BP网络模型的拟合率为100%,预留样检验报准率为100%。LOGIT模型的一致对率为74%。两类模型的拟合结果和预测结果基本吻合。BP网络的测报能力优于LOGIT模型。     

马尾松毛虫质型多角体病毒S4的cDNA克隆及序列分析

从马尾松毛虫质型多角体病毒湖南株中提取病毒核酸,回收、纯化第四片段S4,经RT-PCR扩增得到了S4的cDNA克隆并测定了其全序列。结果表明,S4全长由3262个碱基组成,包含一个编码1058个氨基酸的完整开放阅读框架。B1ast同源分析显示,DpCPV S4与LdCPVS4、BmCPVS4和RRSV S2编码蛋白氨基酸的同源性分别为94％、92％和22％。另外,氨基酸序列部分区域与Methanosarcina mazei Goel的甲基化转移酶有同源性,且序列中含有鸟苷酸转移酶活性位点。