Ectomycorrhizal fungi diversity in a white sand forest in western Amazonia

The genera Dicymbe and Aldina (Fabaceae) host ectomycorrhizal fungi (EcM) and are common in white sand forests (WSFs), a highly specialized habitat with a high level of plant endemism compared with terra-firme forests. In this study, we visited four times a 1-ha permanent plot established in a small patch of a WSF in the south of Colombia Amazonia. Forty-eight species of EcM fungi were recovered from sporocarps and 15 ITS species-level were detected from root tips. Seventeen species were new reports to Colombia and seven corresponded to undescribed species. These results confirm that this WSF supports a significant EcM fungal diversity. Most of the species found in this study have been previously reported to be associated with other legume and/or dipterocarp species from geographically distant forests. The long-distance occurrence combined with low host specificity, suggest the possibility of gene flow between geographically distant populations of EcM fungi in neotropical lowland rainforests.     

中国锈革孔菌科三新记录种

本文报道了我国锈革孔菌科三个新记录种──浅色小集毛菌Coltriciellasubpicta（Lloyd）Corner,浅黄针孔菌Inonotusflavidus（Berk.）Ryvarden,颇氏针孔菌Inonotuspatouillardii（Rick）Imazeki,根据中国的材料对这三种多孔菌形态进行了详细描述。     

中国锈革菌属研究.5.采自云南的两个新记录种

报道了采自云南省的锈革菌属(Hymenochaete)2个中国新记录种,即长矛锈革菌(H. contiformis)和红边锈革菌(H. rufomarginata)。前者的主要特点是解剖结构中无皮层和菌丝层,刚毛长且孢子大; 后者的主要特点是子实层具大量的侧丝,刚毛和孢子较小。提供了这两个种的野外标本照片、显微结构绘图以及详细的形态学描述,并给出了云南省锈革菌属30个种的检索表。     

Distribution of styrylpyrones in the basidiocarps of various Hymenochaetaceae

Styrylpyrones were found to be restricted, among Aphyllophorales, to the Hymenochaetaceae s.s. (lacking asterosetae) and, athough lacking in some representatives, are thus an important characteristic of this family in the same way as the hymenial setae. Three main patterns were encountered corresponding to three major taxonomical divisions: hispidin alone (Phaeolus); hispidin with hymenoquinone (Hymenochaete); and hispidin with dimers (other poroid genera). Among the polypores of this family, styrylpyrones do not allow a clear-cut distinction between genera, but some infrageneric groups are readily characterized.     

Two new polypores from tropical China, and renaming two species of Polyporus and Phellinus

Two new polypores, Inonotus canaricola sp. nov. and Skeletocutis substellae sp. nov., are described. Both of them were found in Hainan, tropical China. I. canaricola is distinct from other species in the genus by bearing a black cuticle at the upper surface, presence of hyphoid setae in the trama and hooked hymenial setae, and having yellowish brown and subglobose to globose basidiospores. S. substellae is very similar to S. stellae but differs from the latter by swollen skeletal hyphae in potassium hytrochloride (KOH) and smaller basidiospores. In addition, Polyporus rhododendri is renamed as P. taibaiensis, because the previous name was illegitimate. A new combination, Phellinus yunnanensis, is proposed.     

Wood‐rotting basidiomycetes associated with declining native trees in timber‐harvesting compartments of the Garden Route National Park of South Africa

Trees in the Garden Route National Park (GRNP) indigenous forests in South Africa are selectively harvested for timber based on criteria that include signs and symptoms induced by wood‐rotting fungi. However, virtually nothing is known regarding the identity and host associations of these macro‐fungi in this natural ecosystem. Surveys were conducted in three harvesting compartments in the GRNP to investigate the taxonomic affiliation and species richness of these fungi on standing and recently harvested trees. Samples were collected from basidiomes on infected trees and tree stumps, and from diseased tissues on symptomatic trees. Phylogenetic analyses using ITS sequences characterized the isolates obtained into 26 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) belonging to 17 genera after clustering the sequences at a 97% identity threshold. Ganoderma (Ganodermataceae) and Inonotus (Hymenochaetaceae) were the most species‐rich genera and the Bloukrans compartment, with 22 OTUs, showed the highest species richness. A fungus (OTU1) affiliated with Ganoderma pfeifferi was the most abundant in the surveyed areas. Its predominance was also evidenced on host trees since it occurred on 15 of the 20 tree species sampled, with Olea capensis subsp. macrocarpa (Oleaceae) being the most colonized host. Given the wide variety of wood‐rotting basidiomycetes revealed by this study and particularly the preponderance of species with pathogenic potential, more attention should be given to better understand their ecological role in this natural ecosystem as well as the effects of logging that may enhance their dissemination or negatively affect their diversity and the health of trees in the region.     

Three species of Fulvifomes (Basidiomycota,Hymenochaetales) associated with rots on mangrove tree Xylocarpus granatum in Thailand

We describe three new species of Fulvifomes from Thailand, all of which grow on Xylocarpus granatum, a major mangrove tree species in southeastern Asia. Fulvifomes xylocarpicola sp. nov. is characterized by the perennial and sessile basidiocarps, woody context without a distinct crust, pores 4–6/mm, a dimitic hyphal system both in the context and trama, broadly ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 4–5.5 × 3.5–4.5 μm, and occurrence on the stem of X. granatum. Fulvifomes siamensis sp. nov. is characterized by the perennial and sessile basidiocarps, woody context without a crust, pores 7–8/mm, a monomitic hyphal system in the context, subglobose basidiospores measuring 4.5–6 × 4–5 μm, and occurrence on the root or butt of X. granatum. Fulvifomes halophilus sp. nov. is characterized by perennial, sessile basidiocarps, leathery to corky context with a crust near the pileus surface, pores 5–8/mm, a subdimitic hyphal system in the context, subglobose basidiospores measuring 4–5.5 × 3.5–5 μm, and occurrence on the root or butt of X. granatum. Fulvifomes mangrovicus comb. nov. is proposed for Fomes mangrovicus. A key to the worldwide species of Fulvifomes is provided.     

海南锈革菌属研究(英文)

对海南省的锈革菌属Hymenochaete进行了初步研究,共发现了该属12个种。其中异常锈革菌H.anomala和薄锈革菌H.minuscula为中国新记录种,竹生锈革菌H.muroiana为大陆新记录种。异常锈革菌具有带结晶的菌丝和囊状体;薄锈革菌子实体薄,黄褐色;竹生锈革菌有"T"形刚毛,生于竹子上。文中对3个新记录种进行了描述,并给出了全部12个种的检索表。