Histological and mechanical evaluation of antifreeze peptide (Afp1m) cryopreserved skin grafts post transplantation in a rat model

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of Afp1m as a cryopreservative agent for skin by examining the transplanted skin histological architecture and mechanical properties following subzero cryopreservation. Thirty four (34) rats with an average weight of 208 ± 31 g (mean ± SD), were used. Twenty four (n = 24) rats were equally divided into four groups: (i) immediate non-cryopreserved skin autografts (onto same site), (ii) immediate non-cryopreserved skin autografts (onto different sites), (iii) skin autografts cryopreserved with glycerol for 72 h and (iv) skin autografts cryopreserved with Afp1m for 72 h at −4 °C. Rounded shaped full-thickness 1.5–2.5 cm in diameter skin was excised from backs of rats for the autograft transplantation. Non-cryopreserved or cryopreserved auto skin graft were positioned onto the wound defects and stitched. Non-transplanted cryopreserved and non-cryopreserved skin strips from other ten rats (n = 10) were allowed for comparative biomechanical test. All skin grafts were subjected to histological and mechanical examinations at the end of day 21. Histological results revealed that tissue architecture especially the epidermal integrity and dermal-epidermal junction of the Afp1m cryopreserved skin grafts exhibited better histological appearance, good preservation of tissue architecture and structural integrity than glycerolized skin. However, there was no significant difference among these groups in other histological criteria. There were no significant differences among the 4 groups in skin graft mechanical properties namely maximum load. In conclusion, Afp1m were found to be able to preserve the microstructure as well as the viability and function of the skin destined for skin transplantation when was kept at −4 °C for 72 h.     

Histology of the interactions of Paecilomyces lilacinus with Meloidogyne incognita on Eclipta alba (L.)

Abstract

Under greenhouse conditions, the experiment was conducted to test the efficacy of opportunistic and nematophagous hyphomycete, Paecilomyces lilacinus against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on Eclipta alba. The treatment comprised inoculation of E. alba with M. incognita alone (N) and in combination with P. lilacinus (one week before (T₁), simultaneously (T₂), one week after (T₃), two weeks after (T₄) and three weeks after (T₅)). The results showed that the application of P. lilacinus before one week of nematode inoculation (T_l) was more effective than other treatments. A significant enhancement was noticed in the growth and yield of E. alba. Root-knot and egg mass indices were suppressed due to destruction of the mature females and the egg masses. Histopathological studies revealed the presence of P. lilacinus hyphae in and around the females and the eggs.     

案例教学法在护理本科专业组织学与胚胎学教学中的实施与体会

组织学与胚胎学为护理本科专业学生必修课.在教学过程中采取＂学生为主体、教师为主导＂的案例教学法,激发学生的主观能动性,注重学生创新能力培养.在案例教学过程中,也发现一些问题：学生素质不一、学习目标不明确以及教师教育理念滞后等.因此,在护理本科专业组织学与胚胎学实施案例教学过程中,引导学生确立学习目标,积极思考,注重团队合作,全面调动学生学习的积极性和主动性.教师在更新教学观念的同时,提倡奉献精神,注重自身素质的培养和提高.     

Techniques for Processing Eyes Implanted With a Retinal Prosthesis for Localized Histopathological Analysis

With the recent development of retinal prostheses, it is important to develop reliable techniques for assessing the safety of these devices in preclinical studies. However, the standard fixation, preparation, and automated histology procedures are not ideal. Here we describe new procedures for evaluating the health of the retina directly adjacent to an implant. Retinal prostheses feature electrode arrays in contact with eye tissue. Previous methods have not been able to spatially localize the ocular tissue adjacent to individual electrodes within the array. In addition, standard histological processing often results in gross artifactual detachment of the retinal layers when assessing implanted eyes. Consequently, it has been difficult to assess localized damage, if present, caused by implantation and stimulation of an implanted electrode array. Therefore, we developed a method for identifying and localizing the ocular tissue adjacent to implanted electrodes using a (color-coded) dye marking scheme, and we modified an eye fixation technique to minimize artifactual retinal detachment. This method also rendered the sclera translucent, enabling localization of individual electrodes and specific parts of an implant. Finally, we used a matched control to increase the power of the histopathological assessments. In summary, this method enables reliable and efficient discrimination and assessment of the retinal cytoarchitecture in an implanted eye.     

组织学与胚胎学虚拟仿真实验教学平台的构建

虚拟仿真实验课程建设,是推进现代信息技术与实验教学项目深度融合、拓展实验教学内容广度和深度、延伸实验教学时间和空间、提升实验教学质量和水平的重要举措。开展虚拟仿真实验教学能够强化学生实验基本技能、激发学生求知欲、培养学生创造性、提高学生专业技能,在组织学与胚胎学实验教学中具有重要意义。     

硕士研究生参与本科生组织学与胚胎学实验课教学的体会

硕士研究生通过参与本科生组织学与胚胎学实验课教学,可加深对本专业知识的理解,建立更合理的知识结构,完善自身的思维体系,提高综合能力,从中发现自身不足之处并积极弥补。硕士研究生参与本科生教学具有独特的优势,对提升其综合素质有所助益。     

An efficient in vitro shoot regeneration from leaf petiolar explants and ex vitro rooting of Bixa orellana L.- A dye yielding plant

Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants - Bixa orellana L. (Bixaceae) is a multipurpose tree grown for the production of commercially important dyes. In the present study, an efficient,...     

Evolutionary change in testes tissue composition among experimental populations of house mice

Theory assumes that postcopulatory sexual selection favors increased investment in testes size because greater numbers of sperm within the ejaculate increase the chance of success in sperm competition, and larger testes are able to produce more sperm. However, changes in the organization of the testes tissue may also affect sperm production rates. Indeed, recent comparative analyses suggest that sperm competition selects for greater proportions of sperm‐producing tissue within the testes. Here, we explicitly test this hypothesis using the powerful technique of experimental evolution. We allowed house mice (Mus domesticus) to evolve via monogamy or polygamy in six replicate populations across 24 generations. We then used histology and image analysis to quantify the proportion of sperm‐producing tissue (seminiferous tubules) within the testes of males. Our results show that males that had evolved with sperm competition had testes with a higher proportion of seminiferous tubules compared with males that had evolved under monogamy. Previously, it had been shown that males from the polygamous populations produced greater numbers of sperm in the absence of changes in testes size. We thus provide evidence that sperm competition selects for an increase in the density of sperm‐producing tissue, and consequently increased testicular efficiency.     

组织学与胚胎学PBL教学对学生创新能力的培养

中国医科大学组织学与胚胎学教研室承担了CMB03-#793项目,连续五年在临床医学七年制日文班实施了PBL（problem based learning）的教学模式,根据其教学特点确立了组织学与胚胎学（组胚）PBL教程,编写了＂组织学与胚胎学PBL病例集＂并制作了多媒体课件。学生在PBL中受到启发,激发了主动学习积级性,也制作了多媒体课件。同学课下查阅文献,准备资料。讨论病例分组进行,同学主持。大家踊跃发言,举证说明,用学得的知识,联系组胚理论去解释生命现象并和疾病相联系。我们对实施过PBL教学的几个年级的学生257人进行了追踪问卷调查,结果看出得到明显提高的依次是学生的主动学习的能力,独立查阅资料的能力、拓宽知识面、对相关领域感兴趣、分析解决问题的能力及对知识的理解能力。提高的相关指标就是创新思维的基础和前提。学生拓宽了知识面、开阔了视野,自然就会产生兴趣迸发出学习的生机去主动思维,也就有了分析解决问题的能力。由此产生不同以往的看法和想法,有了新的认识、新的观点和新的所为,丰富的想像力就会迸发出创造力,这些就是创新的萌芽。这是PBL教学带给学生的新的理念。刷新理念将会产生更多的创新。     

推进组织学与胚胎学双语教学培养高素质医学人材——双语教学改革阶段性成果简介

经过两年多的组织学与胚胎学双语教学改革,我们在双语教学大纲编写、课程设置、教材建设、教学工作安排和学生考试等方面,已取得了阶段性的成果,达到了学校批准立项的教学改革专项（双语课程建设）研究课题预期目标,为我们进一步完善组织学与胚胎学双语教学改革打下了坚实的基础。