衰老癌症基因稳定性与干细胞肿瘤特性

衰老和癌症一直是生物医学研究的热点,诱发衰老和癌症的原因很多,为了攻克衰老与癌症的难题,科学家们对多功能干细胞进行大量的研究,但是发现多功能干细胞也具有致瘤特性。本文从DNA稳定性的角度出发,综合最新的研究成果,对当前生物医学领域的研究热点进行了系统的综述,主要包括DNA损伤与修复机制,造成衰老的因素,癌症的特性,以及胚胎干细胞与多功能干细胞的肿瘤特性等。     

Transfecting and Nucleofecting Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Genetic modification is continuing to be an essential tool in studying stem cell biology and in setting forth potential clinical applications of human embryonic stem cells (HESCs)¹. While improvements in several gene delivery methods have been described^2-9, transfection remains a capricious process for HESCs, and has not yet been reported in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In this video, we demonstrate how our lab routinely transfects and nucleofects human iPSCs using plasmid with an enhanced green fluorescence protein (eGFP) reporter. Human iPSCs are adapted and maintained as feeder-free cultures to eliminate the possibility of feeder cell transfection and to allow efficient selection of stable transgenic iPSC clones following transfection. For nucleofection, human iPSCs are pre-treated with ROCK inhibitor¹¹, trypsinized into small clumps of cells, nucleofected and replated on feeders in feeder cell-conditioned medium to enhance cell recovery. Transgene-expressing human iPSCs can be obtained after 6 hours. Antibiotic selection is applied after 24 hours and stable transgenic lines appear within 1 week. Our protocol is robust and reproducible for human iPSC lines without altering pluripotency of these cells.