痛风性关节炎的中医治疗进展

痛风是嘌呤代谢紊乱造成尿酸盐结晶沉淀在皮下组织、关节周围、骨骼及尿路而引发的病变。发作时以足拇趾及踝关节红、肿、热、痛多见,呈间歇性反复发作。由于社会发展和人们生活方式的改变,痛风性关节炎患病率有明显上升和年轻化趋势,南方和沿海经济发达地区发病率尤高。痛风性关节炎作为一个常见病多发病,严重影响着患病者的生活质量,目前西医对痛风性关节炎的治疗并不能改变其病理性质,且毒副作用较大、效果不持续,临床多以排尿酸药、糖皮质激素及秋水仙碱等一些口服药物为主。近年来随着中医药对该病的研究,中医药治疗痛风性关节炎有了较大的进展,临床上取得令人乐观的成果。本文着重从中药内治及中医外治两个方面,综述了近年来痛风性关节炎中医药治疗的研究进展。     

Endophyte inoculation enhances Ulmus minor resistance to Dutch elm disease

Certain fungal endophytes improve plant resistance to biotic stresses in forest trees. In this study, three stem fungal endophytes belonging to classes Cystobasidiomycetes, Eurotiomycetes and Dothideomycetes were selected from 210 isolates for their potential as enhancers of Ulmus minor resistance to Ophiostoma novo-ulmi. We evaluated phenotypic traits of these endophytes that could be beneficial for inhibiting O. novo-ulmi in the host plant. Under in vitro conditions, the Dothideomycetous isolate YCB36 strongly inhibited O. novo-ulmi growth, released antipathogenic VOCs, chitinases and siderophores, and overlapped with the pathogen in nutrient utilization patterns. These functional traits could explain the 40% reduction in leaf wilting due to O. novo-ulmi in elm trees pre-inoculated with this endophyte. Ulmus minor trees inoculated with this endophyte showed increased leaf stomatal conductance and higher concentrations of flavonoids and total phenolic compounds in xylem tissues, suggesting induction of defence metabolism.