Interlock可解脱弹簧圈在脾动脉瘤腔内治疗中的应用

目的:探究Interlock可解脱弹簧圈在脾动脉瘤的腔内治疗中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2016年2月至2019年2月于本中心使用Interlock可解脱弹簧圈治疗的36例脾动脉瘤患者的临床资料,包括10例男性,26例女性,31例真性动脉瘤,5例假性脾动脉瘤,术前均行超声或CTA明确诊断。术中栓塞后,立即血管造影以明确技术成功率。围手术期及术后2周、3个月和6个月监测血常规、胰淀粉酶和主动脉CTA,观察并发症的发生情况。结果:6例患者弹簧圈栓塞动脉瘤远近端及瘤腔,其余仅栓塞脾动脉瘤瘤腔。术中DSA血管造影提示即刻脾动脉瘤栓塞闭塞率为97%以上,术中共使用128枚Interlock弹簧圈,其中104枚为钻石型,24枚为普通2D型。弹簧圈平均直径为6.3±4.2(2-12)mm,平均长度为16±13.5(3-32)mm,瘤体平均尺寸为40.6±12.5(15-70) mm。围手术期无并发症发生。平均随访10.0±3.2(6-15)个月,1月后2例出现脾梗死,7例发生轻微腹痛及低热等症状,所有病例均未见瘤腔再通和瘤体增大。结论:Interlock可解脱弹簧圈可以安全有效地治疗脾动脉瘤,但其远期疗效需长期随访观察。     

野战微创介入方舱内实施对脾脏损伤的快速救治实验

目的:探讨在战争或自然灾害等野战特定条件下,使用野战微创介入方舱,现场对脾脏创伤实施快速微创介入栓塞救治的可行性及效果,形成介入方舱内对脾脏进行快速介入栓塞救治的流程。方法:野战条件下,展开野战介入方舱,在血管造影机下对大动物(狗)脾动脉进行血管内穿刺造模,建立脾动脉损伤模型,按照方舱内快速微创介入救治的流程,对脾动脉受损伤的动物(狗)实施腹部内受损脾动脉的栓塞止血术式。结果:按照设定的预案,对脾损伤的模型动物实施早期介入栓塞脾动脉止血治疗,全部实验动物2周存活率为100%。结论:野战条件下,考虑到转运风险时或者伤情十分紧急时,靠近事发现场展开野战微创介入方舱,对腹部脾脏损伤开展紧急介入栓塞止血救治,不仅可为病人后续的治疗争取宝贵时间,大幅降低一线伤死率,而且脾脏的保全也提高伤员愈后的生活质量。     

Virtual stenting workflow with vessel-specific initialization and adaptive expansion for neurovascular stents and flow diverters

Endovascular intervention using traditional neurovascular stents and densely braided flow diverters (FDs) have become the preferred treatment strategies for traditionally challenging intracranial aneurysms. Modeling stent and FD deployment in patient-specific aneurysms and its flow modification results prior to the actual intervention can potentially predict the patient outcome and treatment optimization. We present a clinically focused, streamlined virtual stenting workflow that efficiently simulates stent and FD treatment in patient-specific aneurysms based on expanding a simplex mesh structure. The simplex mesh is generated using an innovative vessel-specific initialization technique, which uses the patient’s parent artery diameter to identify the initial position of the simplex mesh inside the artery. A novel adaptive expansion algorithm enables the acceleration of deployment process by adjusting the expansion forces based on the distance of the simplex mesh from the parent vessel. The virtual stenting workflow was tested by modeling the treatment of two patient-specific aneurysms using the Enterprise stent and the Pipeline Embolization Device (commercial FD). Both devices were deployed in the aneurysm models in a few seconds. Computational fluid dynamics analyses of pre- and post-treatment aneurysmal hemodynamics show flow reduction in the aneurysmal sac in treated aneurysms, with the FD diverting more flow than the Enterprise stent. The test results show that this workflow can rapidly simulate clinical deployment of stents and FDs, hence paving the way for its future clinical implementation.     

Pulmonary artery relative area change is inversely related to ex vivo measured arterial elastic modulus in the canine model of acute pulmonary embolization

A low relative area change (RAC) of the proximal pulmonary artery (PA) over the cardiac cycle is a good predictor of mortality from right ventricular failure in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). The relationship between RAC and local mechanical properties of arteries, which are known to stiffen in acute and chronic PH, is not clear, however. In this study, we estimated elastic moduli of three PAs (MPA, LPA and RPA: main, left and right PAs) at the physiological state using mechanical testing data and correlated these estimated elastic moduli to RAC measured in vivo with both phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) and M-mode echocardiography (on RPA only). We did so using data from a canine model of acute PH due to embolization to assess the sensitivity of RAC to changes in elastic modulus in the absence of chronic PH-induced arterial remodeling. We found that elastic modulus increased with embolization-induced PH, presumably a consequence of increased collagen engagement, which corresponds well to decreased RAC. Furthermore, RAC was inversely related to elastic modulus. Finally, we found MRI and echocardiography yielded comparable estimates of RAC. We conclude that RAC of proximal PAs can be obtained from either MRI or echocardiography and a change in RAC indicates a change in elastic modulus of proximal PAs detectable even in the absence of chronic PH-induced arterial remodeling. The correlation between RAC and elastic modulus of proximal PAs may be useful for prognoses and to monitor the effects of therapeutic interventions in patients with PH.     

介入栓塞治疗内脏动脉瘤的临床研究

目的:探讨介入血管腔内栓塞治疗内脏动脉瘤的方法、疗效及安全性。方法:选择内脏动脉瘤患者23例,包括脾动脉瘤13例,肝动脉瘤2例,胃十二指肠动脉瘤3例,肠系膜上动脉瘤4例,肾动脉瘤1例。其中,9例行远近端动脉栓塞术,4例采用支架辅助弹簧圈瘤体内填塞,3例采用弹簧圈瘤体内填塞加瘤体内注胶栓塞术,4例行弹簧圈瘤体内栓塞术,2例行分支动脉颗粒栓塞术,1例行单纯注胶栓塞术。术后1月、3月、6月行超声、CTA或血管造影复查,以后每年复查一次。结果:本组均成功行介入血管腔内栓塞治疗内脏动脉瘤,栓塞治疗后造影示动脉瘤体和/或载瘤动脉闭塞,动脉瘤体内无明显对比剂显影,脾动脉瘤栓塞患者有3例出现发热,脾区疼痛等脾梗塞症状,未见栓塞术相关严重并发症发生。4例消化道出血患者出血均停止。术后随访3~48个月,未见动脉瘤破裂出血、动脉瘤复发或增大,支架置入者,支架内及分支动脉血流均保持通畅。结论:介入血管腔内栓塞是一种治疗内脏动脉瘤的简便、微创、安全有效的方法。     

剖宫产疤痕妊娠30例临床分析

摘要目的：探讨子宫剖宫产疤痕妊娠（CSP）的诊断和最佳治疗方法,为后续的临床研究工作提供理论依据和临床资料。方法：回顾性分析我院2010年2月．2012年2月收治的30例CSP患者的临床资料。结果：30例患者中,有25例行双侧子宫动脉栓塞（UAE）＋MTX灌注术后,再行清宫术,手术均获得成功,术后无任何并发症出现;另外5例患者因误诊为宫内妊娠后行人工流产术时发生大出血转至我院进行抢救,其中,4例成功实施了子宫动脉栓塞术,达到了止血目的,1例因子宫破裂直接行全子宫切除术。结论：对子宫剖宫产疤痕妊娠（CSP）患者实施双侧子宫动脉栓塞术＋MTX灌注术后,借助B超监测,再行刮宫术,是治疗剖宫产切口妊娠的有效方法。     

肾动脉CT血管造影在肾脏肿瘤出血介入栓塞治疗中的应用

目的:探讨肾动脉CT血管造影(Computed Tomography angiography,CTA)在-肾脏肿瘤出血介入栓塞治疗中应用的临床效果.方法:28例肾脏患者在介入栓塞治疗前行肾动脉CTA检查.在介入手术中寻找所有的肿瘤供血动脉,并逐一进行栓塞治疗.栓塞治疗一周后复查肾动脉CTA检查.对肾动脉CTA在介入栓塞治疗中应用效果进行回顾性总结评价.结果:28例肾脏肿瘤出血患者在介入栓塞治疗前行肾动脉CTA检查,共找到32支肿瘤供血动脉,介入手术中共找到34支肿瘤供血动脉并成功栓塞治疗.介入手术前肾动脉CTA检查诊断的准确率为94.12％(32/34).栓塞治疗后复查肾动脉CTA检查证实所有已栓塞的肿瘤供血动脉栓塞效果良好.结论:介入栓塞治疗前肾动脉CTA检查可以为肾脏肿瘤出血介入栓塞治疗提供准确的定位作用.栓塞治疗后肾动脉CTA检查有利于对栓塞疗效的准确判定.     

部分脾栓塞术对肝硬化脾功能亢进的介入治疗

目的:探讨和评价部分脾栓塞术(PSE)治疗肝硬化脾功能亢进的临床应用价值。方法:采用Seldinger技术对28例乙肝后肝硬化伴脾功能亢进患者用高压消毒明胶海绵颗粒共进行31次PSE。结果:28例手术中27例获得成功,栓塞范围为30％-60％,25位患者术后1周以内、1-2周及2周以上WBC和PLT均有不同程度的上升(P<0.01),临床有效率为92.6％。手术前后肝功能变化不大。全部病例均未发生严重并发症。结论:部分脾栓塞术对治疗肝硬化脾亢有明显疗效,可替代脾切除术。对肝功能的改善,近期疗效不明显。     

可脱球囊栓塞治疗创伤性颈内动脉海绵窦瘘的研究

目的：研究微导管可脱球囊技术治疗创伤性颈内动脉-海绵窦痿（TCCF）的临床意义。方法：4例TCCF患者采用微导管可脱球囊技术进行栓塞治疗,所有患者均随访6月以上。结果：3例TCCF患者一次性成功栓塞瘘口井保持颈内动脉通畅,1例瘘口复杂患者因球囊过早泄漏复发而行2次栓塞治疗闭塞颈内动脉。本组病例来发生严重并发症。结论：微导管可脱球囊技术对TCCF是一种微创、安全、有效的治疗方法。     

子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤的临床应用价值

目的：研究子宫动脉栓塞术（UAE）治疗子宫肌瘤的安全性和临床应用价值,材料和方法：25例经临床,B超证实的子宫肌瘤患者,平均年龄43．5岁,主要临床表现为月经量增多21例,贫血16例,有压迫症状4例,选择性双侧子宫动脉插管造影,用聚己烯已醇海绵（PVA）颗粒栓塞该动脉。结果：UAE后第3,6个月随访,所有患者月经量均恢复正常,15例贫血,4例压迫症状者均缓解,第3,6个月B超复查子宫肌瘤体积分别缩小47．37％和51．31％,与UAE产比较有显著差异（P＜0．01）,缺血性盆腔疼痛（92％）是最常见的副反应,UAE后卵巢体积均无显著缩小（P＞0．05）,结论：介入性双侧子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤是一种微创,安全的手术,可保留子宫及其功能,其近期疗效显著,子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤具有重要的临床应用价值。