Hair removal methods: A comparative study for dermoscopy images

Removal and restoration of hair and hair-like regions within skin lesion images is needed so features within lesions can be more effectively analyzed for benign lesions, cancerous lesions, and for cancer discrimination. This paper refers to “melanoma texture” as a rationale for supporting the need for the proposed hair detection and repair techniques, which incompletely represents why hair removal is an important operation for skin lesion analysis. A comparative study of the state-of-the-art hair-repaired methods with a novel algorithm is also proposed by morphological and fast marching schemes. The hair-repaired techniques are evaluated in terms of computational, performance and tumor-disturb patterns (TDP) aspects. The comparisons have been done among (i) linear interpolation, inpainting by (ii) non-linear partial differential equation (PDE) and (iii) exemplar-based repairing techniques. The performance analysis of hair detection quality, was based on the evaluation of the hair detection error (HDE), quantified by statistical metrics and manually used to determine the hair lines from a dermatologist as the ground truth. The results are presented on a set of 100 dermoscopic images. For the two characteristics measured in the experiments the best method is the fast marching hair removal algorithm (HDE: 2.98%, TDP: 4.21%). This proposed algorithm repaired the texture of the melanoma, which becomes consistent with human vision. The comparisons results obtained, indicate that hair-repairing algorithm based on the fast marching method achieve an accurate result.     

皮肤镜诊断脂溢性角化病与基底细胞癌的准确性及结果分析

目的:探讨皮肤镜诊断脂溢性角化病与基底细胞癌的准确性,参照现有诊断标准对结果进行分析。方法:收集临床诊断为脂溢性角化病和基底细胞癌的病例,参照目前的皮肤镜诊断标准对其作出诊断,并与组织病理结果相比较,分析皮肤镜诊断脂溢性角化病与基底细胞癌的价值,并分析脂溢性角化病和基底细胞癌的皮肤镜特征。结果:应用皮肤镜诊断脂溢性角化病的准确性为94.6%,灵敏度为95.8%,漏诊率为4.2%,特异性为90.0%,误诊率为10.0%,阳性预测值为97.2%,阴性预测值为85.7%。Kappa值为0.843,皮肤镜诊断与病理诊断有极佳的一致性(u=8.901,P0.001)。脂溢性角化病患者中出现频次较高的皮肤镜特征分别为乳黄色角栓或多发性粟丘疹样囊性结构(66.7%)、粉刺样开口(56.5%),其次是沟壑样结构(脑回样外观)(42.0%)。应用皮肤镜诊断基底细胞癌的准确性为83.3%,灵敏度为84.6%,漏诊率为15.4%,特异性为80.0%,误诊率为20.0%,阳性预测值为91.7%,阴性预测值为66.7%。Kappa值为0.609,皮肤镜诊断与病理诊断有高度的一致性(u=3.684,P0.001)。基底细胞癌患者中出现频次较高的皮肤镜特征分别为大的蓝灰色卵圆形巢(81.8%)、多发性蓝灰色小球(59.1%),然后是分支状毛细血管扩张(45.5%)。结论:皮肤镜是一种无创的可以显著提高脂溢性角化病与基底细胞癌确诊率的检查办法,但现有诊断标准还需不断改良和细化。     

皮肤镜在皮肤真菌性疾病中的应用进展

皮肤镜的应用十分广泛,可用于皮肤恶性黑色素瘤、皮肤良性肿瘤等疾病的临床随访和术前诊断。皮肤真菌性疾病的诊断主要依靠真菌镜检及培养等检查,费时、操作要求高且阳性率低。而皮肤镜操作简单,耗时短,与真菌学检查互补,可作为辅助诊断皮肤真菌性疾病的有效工具,提高诊断准确性。本文就皮肤镜在皮肤真菌性疾病诊断中的应用进展作一综述。