Modeling Interventions in the Owned Cat Population to Decrease Numbers,Knox County,TN

To find management strategies for controlling the owned cat population in Knox County, TN, the authors formulated a mathematical model using biological properties of such nonhuman animals and spay actions on certain age classes. They constructed this discrete-time model to predict the future owned cat population in this county and to evaluate intervention strategies to surgically sterilize some proportion of the population. Using the predicted population size and the number of surgeries for specific scenarios, they showed that focusing on specific age classes can be an effective feature in spay programs.     

禁牧对锡林郭勒典型草原物种多样性的影响

为了研究禁牧对典型草原物种多样性的影响,对自由放牧和不同时间(1987、1997和2003年)禁牧的典型草原的物种组成进行了调查.结果表明:禁牧并未使典型草原的主要物种组成发生明显的改变,但使物种的相对重要性发生了明显变化,优势种的优势更加明显;同时,禁牧在一定的时间内可以提高典型草原的物种多样性,但随着禁牧时间的延长,典型草原的物种多样性和丰富度都表现出一种先上升后下降的趋势;在相同的禁牧或放牧条件下,水分条件较好的典型草原具有更高的物种多样性.可见,合理的禁牧时间与优越的水分条件有利于典型草原维持较高的物种多样性.典型草原物种多样性下降可能是人为干扰与干旱环境条件共同作用的结果.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">In vitro</Emphasis> selection and regeneration of chrysanthemum (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Dendranthema grandiflorum</Emphasis> Tzelev) plants resistant to culture filtrate of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Septoria obesa</Emphasis> Syd

Callus cultures derived from leaf segments of chrysanthemum cultivar ‘Snow Ball’ which was susceptible to Septoria obesa were successfully used for in vitro selection for resistance to this pathogenic fungus. Resistant cell lines were selected by culturing callus on growth medium containing various concentrations of S. obesa filtrate. Resistant calluses obtained after two cycles (30 d each cycle) of selection were used for plant regeneration. About 30% of the plants regenerated from the resistant calluses and 70–80% of the plants raised from cuttings had acquired considerable resistance against the pathogen in the field. No phenotypic variation was observed in the selected regenerates.     

Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori

The different invasive and noninvasive diagnostic tests for Helicobacter pylori have been applied mainly in emerging countries. Molecular methods have been developed, especially a test for detection of H. pylori and its clarithromycin resistance directly from stools. The long-term effects of eradication on histologic lesions have been studied in a meta-analysis and the prognostic value of post-treatment in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma has been assessed. An operating link for gastritis assessment (the OLGA staging) has also been published. Attempts to simplify the urea breath test protocol have been made, and new stool antigen tests have been proposed and compared to those previously available.     

Habitat availability,social attraction and nest distribution patterns in longear sunfish (Lepomis megalotis peltastes)

Synopsis Two forces, limited availability of preferred habitat and social attraction between conspecifics were hypothesized to explain nest aggregation in male longear sunfish. In the laboratory, males cluster their nests within a small segment of a much larger uniform area of nesting habitat. In the field, large areas of unused habitat suitable for nesting were found, suggesting that nesting aggregations are not formed as a result of limited preferred habitat. Males appear to be socially attracted during breeding, and social nesting presumably is a successful reproductive strategy for at least a portion of the population.     

甘肃甘南藏族自治州生态环境现状与恢复对策

甘南藏族自治州生态环境状况,对于保障黄河、长江中下游地区生态安全具有重要作用。受多种因素影响,该地区生态环境受到严重破坏。在资料查阅、实地考察与访谈的基础上,阐述了甘南藏族自治州生态环境的现状,分析了产生这种现状的原因,最后提出了重建对策。