Polysaccharides derived from Balanophora polyandra significantly suppressed the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells through P53‐mediated pathway

Ovarian cancer (OC) is ranked the first among the cancers threatening women's health. It attracts tremendous attention of cancer researchers because of its extremely high mortality rate. Recent studies have indicated that traditional herbal medicines (THMs) can play a pivotal role in cancer prevention and treatment. THMs are gaining popularity as a source of anti‐cancer agents. The plant of Balanophora polyandra, which has been used as a traditional herbal medicine, has been known for exhibiting potential haemostatic, analgesic, anti‐inflammatory and anti‐cancer properties. However, few studies on inhibitory effect of B. polyandra on OC have been performed. In the present study, we found that B. polyandra polysaccharides (BPP) induced cell cycle arrest at S phase, triggered apoptosis and inhibited migration and invasion of OC cells. Furthermore, we also found that there was a potential and close relationship between BPP and P53‐mediated pathway. Overall, these findings suggest that BPP can be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of OC.     

New phenolic constituents from Balanophora polyandra with radical-scavenging activity

The 80% acetone extract of Balanophora polyandra Griff. (Balanophoraceae) was found to exhibit high radical-scavenging activity (SC(50)=14.48 mug/ml) towards 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. Further chemical investigation led the isolation of two new hydrolysable tannins, balapolyphorins A (1) and B (2), together with 20 known phenolic compounds (3-22). Their structures were established by detailed spectroscopic analysis, and the radical-scavenging properties of all isolated compounds were determined by DPPH assay.     

蛇菰的化学成分研究

从湖北恩施地区产蛇菰(Balanophora japonicaMakino)中得到4个成分,分别鉴定为蛇麻脂醇乙酯(lupeolacetate,1)、β-香树脂醇乙酯(-βamyrin acetate,2)、没食子酸(gallic acid,3)和β-谷甾醇(-βsitosterol,4),其中化合物1、2和3为首次从该植物中得到。     

筒鞘蛇菰提取物蛇菰多糖对D-半乳糖诱导大鼠肝损伤的保护作用及其机制

目的: 探讨筒鞘蛇菰提取物蛇菰多糖(BIH)对D-半乳糖(D-gal)致大鼠肝损伤的保护作用及机制。方法: 雄性SD大鼠60只,随机分为正常组(Con)、模型组(D-gal)、 蛇菰多糖低剂量组(D-gal+50 mg/kg BIH,BIH-L)、 蛇菰多糖中剂量组(D-gal+100 mg/kg BIH,BIH-M)、蛇菰多糖高剂量组(D-gal+200 mg/kg BIH,BIH-H),每组12只。除正常组外,其余各组大鼠每天颈背部皮下注射 100 mg/kg 的 D-gal,正常组大鼠每天颈背部皮下注射相同剂量生理盐水;蛇菰多糖各剂量组每天用相应浓度灌胃,正常组和模型组给予等剂量的生理盐水灌胃,共42 d。自动生化分析仪检测血清ALT、AST、DBIL;HE染色检测肝组织的形态学变化;免疫组织化学检测肝细胞凋亡情况,WB检测Caspase-3、Bax、Bcl-2的蛋白表达;用硫代巴比妥酸法测定 MDA 含量,用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定 SOD 活性。结果: 与正常组比,模型组大鼠血清 ALT 和 AST、DBIL水平显著升高(P＜0.01);蛇菰多糖处理组ALT、 AST、DBIL水平显著低于模型组(P＜0.01);模型组肝细胞凋亡比正常明显增多(P＜0.01),BIH组肝细胞凋亡比模型组明显减少(P＜0.05);模型组Caspase-3、Bax蛋白表达水平和MDA含量比正常组明显升高(P＜0.01),BIH组比模型组明显降低;而BIH组的Bcl-2表达,SOD 活性比模型组明显升高(P＜0.05或 P＜0.01),BIH不同剂量组之间比较,以中剂量效果最好 。结论: 蛇菰多糖对肝损伤有保护作用,且其作用机制可能与其降低肝细胞凋亡,抑制肝组织氧化应激发生有关。     

蛇菰的化学成分

从蛇菰科植物蛇菰 (BalanophoraharlandiiHook .f.)花序的乙醇提取物中分离到 11个化合物。分别鉴定为 :桐甾醇 (1)、桐甾醇 - 3-O - (6′ -O -棕榈酰基 ) - β -D -葡萄吡喃糖甙 (2 )、 (- ) -lariciresinol (3)、 (- ) -松脂醇 [(- ) -pinoresinol](4 )、β -香树脂醇 (5)、乙酸蛇麻脂醇酯 (6 )、棕榈酸 (7)、 1-O -咖啡酰基 - β -D -葡萄吡喃糖 (8)、 1-O -咖啡酰基 - (6 -O -没食子酰基 ) - β -D -葡萄吡喃糖 (9)、 1-O -咖啡酰基 - (4 -O-没食子酰基 ) - β -D -葡萄吡喃糖 (10 )以及没食子酸 (11)。应用 2DNMR技术对化合物3,4 ,8,9和 10的氢和碳的核磁共振信号进行了全归属。化合物 9和 10尚未见从植物中分离到的报道 ,化合物 1,2 ,8和 11系首次从该科植物中分离得到。     

中国蛇菰属（蛇菰科）植物的修订

本文修订了中国蛇菰属植物,新改级红烛蛇菰[Balanophoraharlandii Hook.f.var.mutinoides(Hayata)Xing,stat.nov.];杯茎蛇菰(Balanophora subcupularis Tam)为短穗蛇菰的异名;旋生蛇菰(Bala-nophora harlandii Hook.f.var.spiralis Tam)为鸟(黍离)蛇菰的异名;中国植物志中所载的日本蛇菰Balaophora Japonica Makino)和海南植物志记载的多蕊蛇菰(Balanophora polyandra Griff.)系原作者鉴定错误。     

A New Phenolic Constituent and a Cyanogenic Glycoside from Balanophora involucrata (Balanophoraceae)

Balanophora involucrata Hook .f. & Thomson (Balanophoraceae) is a parasite plant often growing on the roots of leguminous plants. The whole herb has been used medicinally for the treatment of irregular menstruation, cough, hemoptysis, traumatic injury and bleeding, dizziness and gastralgia in Yunnan Province, China. The 2,2‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay on the 60% aq. acetone extract of the fresh whole plant of B. involucrata showed considerable radical‐scavenging activity (SC₅₀ 15.3 μg/ml). Further purification on the extract led to the isolation of one new phenolic glycoside, sieboldin‐3′‐ketocarboxylic acid ( 1 ), and one new cyanogenic glycoside, proacacipetalin 6′‐O‐β‐D ‐glucopyranoside ( 2 ), together with 26 known compounds including three 4″‐O‐galloyl and 2″,3″‐O‐(S)‐hexahydroxydiphenoyl (HHDP) derivatives of dihydrochalcone glucosides, seven hydrolyzable tannins, and alkane glycosides. The cyanogenic compound isolated from the Balanophoraceae family for the first time might be a signal molecule between B. involucrata and its hosts. The free‐radical‐scavenging activity of the isolated compounds was also examined by DPPH assay.     

中国植物区系的性质和各成分间的关系

根据植物区系平衡理论,以“中国种子植物区系研究”项目的结果材料分析中国植物区系的性质和各成分间的关系。从全国整体来看,中国植物区系是亚热带性质,热带成分和温带成分分别占50.2%和49.8%,即基本平衡。而各地区间有显著差异,文中做了具体比较分析及揭示其变化规律,大致是热带成分在热带地区占75%～85%,亚热带地区占40%～60%,温带地区占15%～25%,寒温,高寒和中亚荒漠地区占5%～10%,自南向北向西方向递减,温带成分与之相反,而且北方温带成分变化曲线与热带成分呈反射状,表明二者是以相反方向同等发展的。文中又据中国种子属15个分布型或地理成分所归科的相似性系数矩阵来研究各成分间的关系,结果是相似性系数为12～58强,分为10级（10～60）,排列出各成分间相似性程度及其变化梯度,其中以东亚和中国特有成分间关系最密切,温带亚洲和热带亚洲间关系最疏远,同时显出3个关系很密及最密区域,即旧大陆热带,古地中海和东亚,这三区域里可能是中国植物区系的发源地。     

云南蛇菰属─新种

云南蛇菰属─新种钱义咏（云南省思茅行署林业局,云南思茅６６５０００）关键词蛇菰属;澜沧蛇菰;新种澜沧蛇菰新种图１ＡＮＥＷＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＢＡＬＡＮＯＰＨＯＲＡＦＲＯＭＹＵＮＮＡＮ￥ＱｉａｎＹｉｙｏｎｇ（ＦｏｒｅｓｔｒｙＢｕｒｅａｕｏｆＳｉｍａｏＡｄ...