见血封喉乳汁中具有细胞毒活性的强心苷

从见血封喉(Antiaris toxicaria (Pers.) Lesch.)乳汁分离得到4个强心苷类化合物,经波谱数据分析,分别鉴定为：毒毛旋花子爪哇糖苷(1)、铃兰毒苷(2)、毒毛旋花子阿洛糖苷(3)和glucostrophanthidin (4)。化合物4为首次从见血封喉中分离得到。细胞毒活性测定结果表明,化合物1~4对慢性髓原白血病细胞(K562)、人胃癌细胞(SGC-7901)和人肝癌细胞(SMMC-7721)的增殖均显示了较强的生长抑制活性。     

见血封喉的组织培养

1植物名称见血封喉[Antiaris toxicaria(Pers.) Lesch.],又名箭毒木、加独。2材料类型枝条。3培养条件以MS为基本培养基。(1)芽诱导培养基:MS 6-BA 2.5 mg·L~(-1)(单位下同) NAA 0.5 3%蔗糖;(2)增殖培养基:MS 6-BA 3.0 KT 1.0 NAA 0.5 3%蔗糖;(3)生根培养基:I/2MS NAA 1.0 0.2 g·L~(-1)活性炭 3%蔗糖。以上培养基均加入8 mg·L~(-1)卡拉胶,pH 5.8～6.2。培养温度25～28     

见血封喉树叶化学成分研究

从见血封喉(Antiaris toxicaria(Pers.)Lesch.)树叶中分离得到了6个化合物,经波谱数据分析,分别鉴定其结构为:(3S,5R,6S,7E,9R)-3,6-dihydroxy-5,6-dihydro-β-ionol(1)、(5R)-4,5-二氢布卢门醇A(2)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷(4)、山柰甲黄素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(5)和环氧松柏醇(6),以上化合物均为首次从该种植物中分离得到.     

见血封喉种子中的强心苷类化合物及其细胞毒活性

从海南产见血封喉(Antiaris toxicaria (Pers.) Lesch.)种子的乙醇提取物中分离得到7个强心苷类化合物,通过波谱分析(NMR, MS, IR等),鉴定其结构分别为：杠柳苷元(1)、见血封喉阿洛糖苷(2)、见血封喉去氧阿洛糖苷(3)、毒毛旋花子苷元(4)、毒毛旋花子阿洛糖苷(5)、毒毛旋花子爪哇糖苷(6)和去葡萄糖桂竹香毒苷(7)。化合物7为首次从见血封喉种子中分离得到。细胞毒活性测试结果表明,化合物1~7均对慢性髓原白血病细胞(K562)、人胃癌细胞(SGC-7901)和人肝癌细胞(SMMC-7721)的增殖有较强的生长抑制活性。     

用脚吐丝的狼蛛

相传在西双版纳，有位傣族猎人在一次狩猎时被狗熊紧逼而被迫爬上一棵大树，狗熊也跟着爬了上来。危难之时，猎人折断树的枝权刺向狗熊嘴里。这时，奇迹发生了，狗熊竟然倒下去死了。从那以后，西双版纳的傣族猎人在狩猎前，常把这种树的树皮上分泌的汁液涂在箭头上，制成毒箭来对抗猛兽。凡被毒箭射中的野兽，往往只能走上三五步就会倒毙。于是，人们给这种树取名为“见血封喉”，形容它毒性猛烈，并称其为“死亡之树”。     

从见血封喉的分布看广东省热带与亚热带的界线划分

广东省的热带与亚热带的分界线按不同的划分标准,大致已有4条分界线。见血封喉(Antiaris toxicaria)是一个典型的热带种类,它在广东的分布北限,一直被认为是广东热带的最北界限。根据最近在广东发现的见血封喉4个新分布点,通过分析见血封喉的生态学特性和地理分布特征,同时参考热带界线划分的标准与原则,讨论并尝试重新界定广东省的热带与亚热带分界线。     

拟盘多毛孢属真菌的新种*

报导拟盘多毛孢属真菌的8个新种。这8个新种是:近似状拟盘多毛孢Pestalotiopsis affinis、山姜拟盘多毛孢P. alpiniae、见血封喉拟盘多毛孢P. antiaris、五桠果拟盘多毛孢P. dilleniae、广西拟盘多毛孢P. kuwangsiensis、莲拟盘多毛孢P. nelumbinis、木荷拟盘多毛孢P. schimae、和神秘果拟盘多毛孢P. synsepali。新种的模式标本保存在广西大学植保系标本室。     

The Response Difference of Mitochondria in Recalcitrant Antiaris toxicaria Axes and Orthodox Zea mays Embryos to Dehydration Injury

Long-term preservation of recalcitrant seeds is very difficult because the physiological basis on their desiccation sensitivity is poorly understood. Survival of Antiaris toxicaria axes rapidly decreased and that of immature maize embryos very slowly decreased with dehydration. To understand their different responses to dehydration, we examined the changes in mitochondria activity during dehydration. Although activities of cytochrome （Cyt） c oxidase and malate dehydrogenase of the A. toxicaria axis and maize embryo mitochondria decreased with dehydration, the parameters of maize embryo mitochondria were much higher than those of A. toxicaria, showing that the damage was more severe for the A. toxicaria axis mitochondria than for those of maize embryo. The state I and III respiration of the A. toxicaria axis mitochondria were higher than those of maize embryo, the former rapidly decreased, and the latter slowly decreased with dehydration. The proportion of Cyt c pathway to state III respiration for the A. toxicaria axis mitochondria was low and rapidly decreased with dehydration, and the proportion of alternative oxidase pathway was high and slightly increased with dehydration. In contrast, the proportion of Cyt c pathway for maize embryo mitochondria was high, and that of alternative oxidase pathway was low. Both pathways decreased slowly with dehydration.     

见血封喉内生真菌Rhizoctonia sp．J5化学成分研究

应用多种柱色谱技术,从见血封喉内生真菌Rhizoctonia sp.J5发酵液中分离纯化了7个化合物,根据理化性质和波谱数据分别鉴定为对羟基苯乙醇(1),对羟基苯甲醛(2),5-羟甲基-2-糠醛(3),甘草索(4),24-亚甲基-24(25)-二氢羊毛甾醇(5),(3α,5α,8α,22E,24R)-5,8-桥二氧麦角甾-6,22-二烯-3-醇(6),(3β,5α,8α,22E,24R)-5,8-桥二氧麦角甾-6,9(11),22-三烯-3-醇(7).以上化合物均为首次从见血封喉内生真菌中分离得到.抗菌活性测试结果表明化合物4具有抗金黄色葡萄球菌和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌活性.