犬脑内动脉构筑的显微X线解剖学研究

犬脑11只,经生理盐水冲洗脑血管后,注入20％钡胶液,切成0.2～1.0厘米的厚片,用显微X线法研究犬脑内各级动脉的构筑,其结果:1.皮质动脉的管径平均为25.9±0.005微米,平均长度为888.0±0.241微米。其形态与发出部位有关,分别呈栅状和瓶刷状。2.髓质动脉的管径平均为49.9±0.007微米。呈直线或孤形向心走行。3.皮质下动脉的管径平均为38.7±0.009微米。呈新月形或蟹钳状分布。4.豆纹动脉和内囊动脉的平均管径为70.0±0.021微米。呈锐角、反血流方向发自母干,再呈“S”形上升。5.丘脑动脉的平均管径为63.7±0.019微米,主要从下方进丘脑,呈树枝状分支。     

中国木兰属和含笑属导管分子的比较解剖

本文对我国木兰科的39种木兰属和含笑属植物次生木质部的导管分子进行了初步分析。两属导管分子的长度和宽度略有差异。木兰属中多数种的导管分于有单穿孔板,但有的可见到梯状穿孔板。含笑属植物的导管分子大多具有梯状穿孔板,仅有一种可看到单穿孔板。在具有梯状穿孔板的木兰属植物中,穿孔板的横隔数目较含笑属的多。木兰属的导管壁上一般无螺纹加厚;含笑属则相反。此外,在两属之间,导管尚存在一些其它差异。     

大鼠肝和BERH—2肝癌5Kb BamHI DNA片段的克隆及其转录研究

本文克隆了大鼠肝和肝癌BERH-2 DNA的分子大小约为5kb的BamHI片段(Bam5族重复顺序)。从筛选出的克隆中取一个来自肝癌细胞基因组DNA的克隆片段H5 B-1和来自肝细胞基因组DNA克隆片段L5 B-4做进一步分析研究。采用RNA点杂交法对L5 B-4DNA片段的转录产物在细胞核、质间分布的研究结果表明:L5 B-4 DNA片段转录产物在肝癌细胞的总核RNA,poly A~ 核RNA和poly A~-核RNA中的相对量,比正常肝细胞的相应RNA组分低;在肝癌细胞的总胞质RNA和多聚核蛋白体RNA中的相对量,则比正常肝细胞的相应RNA组分高;其转录产物在poly A~ 核RNA中的相对含量高于其他细胞RNA组分,几乎不存在于rRNA中。当用大鼠肝和肝癌总RNA进行RNA点杂交比较时其转录产物在肝癌细胞中的相对含量则高于正常肝。结果提示,L5 B-4 DNA片段的转录产物从细胞核向细胞质内转运,肝癌细胞明显高于正常肝细胞。以H5 B-1 DNA片段代替L5 B-4 DNA片段进行RNA点杂交,得近似的杂交放射自显影图谱。     

兔腹部迷走神经、内脏大神经活动在孤束核中的相互作用

本实验在67只家兔身上分别观察了电解损毁孤束核(NTS)前后刺激腹迷走神经和内脏大神经中枢端对血压的影响,以及刺激这两种神经中枢端对 NTS 神经元放电活动的影响。结果表明:来自腹迷走神经和内脏大神经的感觉冲动不仅都可以投射至 NTS,而且这两种传入冲动在 NTS 还存在着会聚现象。一种传入神经的阈下刺激(背景刺激)可以削弱另一传入神经的血压效应,一种传入神经的(背景刺激)可以抑制另一种神经元引起的 NTS 神经元电活动。本文对这两种传入冲动之间存在的相互作用关系的可能机制及意义进行了讨论。     

莲果皮发育及其结构的扫描电镜观察

莲（Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn)的果皮由子房壁单独发育形成,可清晰地分出外果皮,中果皮和内果皮,在果皮基本组织中散生有维管束,分泌器和通气系统,通气系统由气孔、气道和气室组成,气孔在内、外表皮上都有,深陷于表皮下,形状特殊,气道为裂生型,气室裂浴生型,气室内壁有孔与周围组织相通;气道,气室又与内、外表皮上的气孔相通,形成贯通果皮的通气网络。表皮上有多种分泌器,其分泌物的形不同,乳汁管有节,分枝或不分枝,维管束木质部内有环纹和螺纹管胞和导管;韧皮部内有筛管,伴胞及内含物,在柱头下方的果皮上长一突起,果皮突起是莲的独特结构,是种子发育中起作用的呼吸器官。     

血管内皮舒张因子在氧自由基所致慢性缺氧大鼠肺内动...

The role of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) on the effect of oxygen-derived free radicals (generated by xanthine-xanthine oxidase system) on intrapulmonary arterial in chronic hypoxic rats was studied by a microbioassay method. Intrapulmonary artery rings with intact or denuded endothelium of hypoxic (5,000 m, 10 days) and normoxic rats were prepared for observation of oxygen-derived free radicals induced contraction. It was shown that oxygen-derived free radicals induced contractions of intrapulmonary arterial rings with intact endothelium were obviously augmented in hypoxic rats than in normoxic controls. The augmented responses could be further potentiated by the addition of EDRF inactivator reduced hemoglobin (RHb), but diminished or even abolished by applying superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD). However, no effect on denuded rings was observed when RHb or SOD was added. It is concluded that chronic hypoxia may attenuate the action of EDRF in the enhancement of the reactivity of intrapulmonary artery to oxygen-derived free radicals.     

从呼气末CO2浓度与动脉血压的关系判断人工呼吸猫...

End-tidal CO2 (ET-CO2) provides a continuous and sensitive monitoring of proper pulmonary ventilation in artificially ventilated animals during single unit recordings of the central nervous system. To determine a reliable standard of ET-CO2 in anesthetized and paralyzed animal, the relationship between ET-CO2 and arterial blood pressure (ABP) was observed in cat under different ventilation level. The results showed that ABP changed tremendously with variation in ventilation, but remained constant at a normal level as long as ET-CO2 was maintained within the range between 4.0-5.0%, i.e. optimally at 4.5 +/- 0.5%.     

咽喉部高频喷射通气调节各参数对狗肺通气效率的影响

用相关和回归处理方法,研究了8条正常狗咽喉部高频喷射通气时,调节驱动压、呼吸比和频率对喷气量、吸入气氧浓度、动脉血气及气道内压的作用。结果显示,驱动压和呼吸此对各观察指标几乎有同等重要的作用,频率的影响很小,喷气量与吸入气氧浓度、动脉血气、气道内压间存在显著的正相关关系。说明调节参数的意义主要在于改变了喷气量。