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Responses of growth and litterfall production to nitrogen addition treatments from common shrublands in Mt. Dongling,Beijing, China 下载免费PDF全文
《植物生态学报》2017,41(1):71
Aims The shrublands of northern China have poor soil and nitrogen (N) deposition has greatly increased the local soil available N for decades. Shrub growth is one of important components of C sequestration in shrublands and litterfall acts as a vital link between plants and soil. Both are key factors in nutrient and energy cycling of terrestrial ecosystems, which greatly affected by nitrogen (N) addition (adding N fertilizer to the surface soil directly). However, the effects and significance of N addition on C sequestration and litterfall in shrublands remain unclear. Thus, a study was designed to investigate how N deposition and related treatments affected shrublands growth related to C sequestration and litterfall production of Vitex negundo var. heterophylla and Spiraea salicifolia in Mt. Dongling region of China.
Methods A N enrichment experiment has been conducted for V. negundo var. heterophylla and S. salicifolia shrublands in Mt. Dongling, Beijing, including four N addition treatment levels (control (N0, 0 kg N·hm-2·a-1), low N (N1, 20 kg N·hm-2·a-1), medium N (N2, 50 kg N·hm-2·a-1) and high N (N3, 100 kg N·hm-2·a-1)). Basal diameter and plant height of shrub were measured from 2012-2013 within all treatments, and allometric models for different species of shrub’s live branch, leaf and root biomass were developed based on independent variables of basal diameter and plant height, which will be used to calculate biomass increment of shrub layer. Litterfall (litterfall sometimes is named litter, referring to the collective name for all organic matter produced by the aboveground part of plants and returned to the surface, and mainly includes leaves, bark, dead twigs, flowers and fruits.) also was investigated from 2012-2013 within all treatments.
Important findings The results showed 1) mean basal diameter of shrubs in the V. negundo var. heterophylla and S. salicifolia shrublands were increased by 1.69%, 2.78%, 2.51%, 1.80% and 1.38%, 1.37%, 1.59%, 2.05% every year; 2) The height growth rate (the shrub height relative growth rate is defined with the percentage increase of plant height) of shrubs in the V. negundo var. heterophylla and S. salicifolia shrublands were 8.36%, 8.48%, 9.49%, 9.83% and 2.12%, 2.86%, 2.36%, 2.52% every year, respectively. Thee results indicated that N deposition stimulated growth of shrub layer both in V. negundo var. heterophylla and S. salicifolia shrublands, but did not reach statistical significance among all nitrogen treatments. The above-ground biomass increment of shrub layer in the V. negundo var. heterophylla and S. salicifolia shrublands were 0.19, 0.23, 0.14, 0.15 and 0.027, 0.025, 0.032, 0.041 t C·hm-2·a-1 respectively, which demonstrated that short-term N addition had no significant effects on the accumulation of C storage of the two shrublands. The litter production of the V. negundo var. heterophylla and S. salicifolia communities in 2013 were 135.7 and 129.6 g·m-2 under natural conditions, respectively. Nitrogen addition promoted annual production of total litterfall and different components of litterfall to a certain extent, but did not reach statistical significance among all nitrogen treatments. Above results indicated that short-term fertilization, together with extremely low soil moisture content and other related factors, lead to inefficient use of soil available nitrogen and slow response of shrublands to N addition treatments. 相似文献
Methods A N enrichment experiment has been conducted for V. negundo var. heterophylla and S. salicifolia shrublands in Mt. Dongling, Beijing, including four N addition treatment levels (control (N0, 0 kg N·hm-2·a-1), low N (N1, 20 kg N·hm-2·a-1), medium N (N2, 50 kg N·hm-2·a-1) and high N (N3, 100 kg N·hm-2·a-1)). Basal diameter and plant height of shrub were measured from 2012-2013 within all treatments, and allometric models for different species of shrub’s live branch, leaf and root biomass were developed based on independent variables of basal diameter and plant height, which will be used to calculate biomass increment of shrub layer. Litterfall (litterfall sometimes is named litter, referring to the collective name for all organic matter produced by the aboveground part of plants and returned to the surface, and mainly includes leaves, bark, dead twigs, flowers and fruits.) also was investigated from 2012-2013 within all treatments.
Important findings The results showed 1) mean basal diameter of shrubs in the V. negundo var. heterophylla and S. salicifolia shrublands were increased by 1.69%, 2.78%, 2.51%, 1.80% and 1.38%, 1.37%, 1.59%, 2.05% every year; 2) The height growth rate (the shrub height relative growth rate is defined with the percentage increase of plant height) of shrubs in the V. negundo var. heterophylla and S. salicifolia shrublands were 8.36%, 8.48%, 9.49%, 9.83% and 2.12%, 2.86%, 2.36%, 2.52% every year, respectively. Thee results indicated that N deposition stimulated growth of shrub layer both in V. negundo var. heterophylla and S. salicifolia shrublands, but did not reach statistical significance among all nitrogen treatments. The above-ground biomass increment of shrub layer in the V. negundo var. heterophylla and S. salicifolia shrublands were 0.19, 0.23, 0.14, 0.15 and 0.027, 0.025, 0.032, 0.041 t C·hm-2·a-1 respectively, which demonstrated that short-term N addition had no significant effects on the accumulation of C storage of the two shrublands. The litter production of the V. negundo var. heterophylla and S. salicifolia communities in 2013 were 135.7 and 129.6 g·m-2 under natural conditions, respectively. Nitrogen addition promoted annual production of total litterfall and different components of litterfall to a certain extent, but did not reach statistical significance among all nitrogen treatments. Above results indicated that short-term fertilization, together with extremely low soil moisture content and other related factors, lead to inefficient use of soil available nitrogen and slow response of shrublands to N addition treatments. 相似文献
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金佛山巴山榧树灌丛群落主要木本植物种群生态位特征 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
应用Levins、Hurlbert生态位宽度及Pianka生态位重叠计测公式,对金佛山巴山榧树(Torreya fargesii)灌丛群落中主要木本植物种群的生态位特征进行了研究。结果表明:巴山榧树种群的重要值高于其他种群,且具有较高的生态位宽度;小蜡(Ligustrum sinense)、插田泡(Rubus coreanus)、巴山榧树、平枝栒子(Cotoneaster horizontalis)、金丝桃(Hypericum monogynum)、掌叶梁王茶(Nothopanax delavayi)、异叶花椒(Zanthoxylum ovalifolium)和金山荚蒾(Viburnum chinshanense)等种群具有较大的生态位宽度;物种的生态位宽度与重要值之间呈弱正相关,而与重要值变异系数之间呈显著负相关;在253个种对中,有160对的生态位重叠值0.6,占总对数的63.24%,大多数种群间的生态位重叠程度较高,平枝栒子、小蜡、金丝桃、插田泡、异叶花椒和金山荚蒾等生态位宽度较高的种群与巴山榧树的生态位重叠值较大,表明各种群间存在着较强的资源竞争。 相似文献
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青藏高原高寒灌丛非生长季节CO2通量特征 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
利用2003年和2004年涡度相关系统通量观测资料,对青藏高原高寒灌丛非生长季节CO2通量特征及其主要影响因子进行了分析。(1)从净生态系统CO2交换(NEE)日变化特征看,除13:00~19:00时有较小的CO2净释放以外,其余时段NEE均很小;(2)高寒灌丛非生长季月份间NEE差异明显,4月和10月是CO2净释放量较大,1月和12月CO2净释放量较小;(3)相对温带草原(高杆草大草原)草地类型,低温抑制下的青藏高原高寒灌丛生态系统非生长季节日平均CO2释放率较低;(4)高寒灌丛非生长季NEE日变化模式与5 cm土壤温度变化呈显著正相关,土壤温度是影响非生长季节青藏高原高寒灌丛NEE变化的主导气候因子,同时NEE变化还受降水的影响。 相似文献
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海南俄贤岭石灰岩山地海南大戟灌丛群落研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
根据样方调查,对海南俄贤岭自然保护区海南大戟灌丛群落的种类组成、外貌、结构特征和物种多样性进行分析。结果表明,在700m2样地中,有维管植物77种,隶属于47科70属。群落中乔木的个体数量很少,主要由灌木和草本组成,灌木层主要优势种为海南大戟等。群落外貌常绿,生活型以小高位芽为主,占22.08%;按照Raunkiaer的频度等级定律,属于B级的种类最多,频度值为43.42。整个群落的物种丰富度Magarlef指数为8.56,Shannon-Wiener指数为1.38,Simposon为0.90,均匀度指数为0.32。群落各层次的丰富度格局表现为灌木层>草本层>乔木层>藤本植物,多样性格局为灌木层>乔木层>草本层<(>)藤本植物,均匀度格局为乔木层>藤本植物>灌木层>草本层。 相似文献
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竞争和非生物胁迫影响处于地理分布边界的红树植物的个体大小
关于红树植物竞争的研究大多局限于幼苗和人工林。我们首次对天然红树林中成年红树的种内竞争进行了控制实验研究,旨在检验竞争和非生物因子在决定红树植物个体大小中的相对重要性。研究样 地位于靠近红树林地理分布边界的美国德克萨斯州阿兰萨斯港(Port Aransas)附近区域。该区域的红树林由“灌丛”状的黑红树(萌芽白骨壤,Avicennia germinans)单一物种组成。我们对10个样方中原生红树 林进行疏伐,形成系列红树林覆盖度梯度,在2013–2019年期间观测各样方中红树植物的生长指标,量化分析红树林覆盖度对红树植物生长的影响;并于2019年调查了红树林的冠层高度。研究结果表明,在该研究期间,红树植物的相对生长速率随着红树林覆盖度的增加而降低,100%红树林覆盖度样方中的红 树植物大小几乎没有增长,说明它们已经达到了该红树林密度条件下的最大尺寸。在红树林覆盖度降低 的样方中,株高明显增加,在红树林覆盖度为11%的样方中,红树植物株高增加了约52%。对比临水岸 边和林内两种生境中的样方,处于临水岸边生境的红树林冠层高度比处于林内生境的高约30%,且这两 种生境的红树林冠层高度均随红树林覆盖度的增加而降低。叶片叶绿素含量和冠层光截留量的测定数据 显示,该区域红树植物的生长也受到氮限制的影响。由此表明,处于地理分布边界的“灌丛”状红树林一 方面受到营养的限制,另一方面红树植物种内个体间仍存在较为强烈的竞争,且种内竞争对红树植物生长的影响较该红树林内非生物生境因子更为重要。 相似文献
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浙江天童苦槠+白栎灌丛群落的生物量研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
采用直接收获法研究了浙江天童地区苦槠+白栎次生灌丛群落的地上部分生物量。结果表明该区次生灌丛的地上部分生物量为16.77t/hm^2,还不到常绿阔叶林幼林生物量(地上部分)的1/3。次生灌丛生物量的分布,从群落层次上看,主要集中于藻木层;从垂直高度上看,主要分布在0-4m之间;从种类组成上看,主要分布于苦槠、白栎、山矾、茅栗等优势种中。根据生物量的研究,文中还对如何加速次生灌丛的进展演替进行了讨论。 相似文献
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介绍一种综合趋势面的分析方法--典型趋势面分析。典型趋势面分析是典范相关分析与趋势面分析的结合,它确克服了趋势面分析的缺陷,能同时对单母体空间上的多变量进行分析,拟合一个综合趋势面,通过对山西沙棘灌丛水平格局的分析介绍了典范趋势面分析的应用,并比较了趋势面分析与典范趋势面分析。 相似文献