滇桂石斛的离体培养和植株再生

1 植物名称滇桂石斛(Dendrobium guangxiense S.J.Cheng et C.Z.Tang). 2 材料类别成熟种胚. 3 培养条件种胚萌发培养基:(1)MS+NAA 0.5mg·L-1(单位下同);(2)MS+NAA 0.5+0.5%～1.0%酵母提取物.     

马占相思叶片液汁碳同位素甄别率和水分利用效率

利用PMS压力室压取叶片液汁并借助稳定碳同位素质谱仪测定碳同位素比率,分析了马占相思(Acacia mangium )叶片液汁光合产物的甄别率(△)和估测了水分利用效率.结果表明:阴天马占相思林冠层日平均空气CO2 的碳同位素比率(δa)为-7.57‰±1.41‰,晴天则为-8.54‰±0.67‰;阴天叶片液汁的光合产物碳同位素比率(δp)日变化呈鞍型,而晴天则从早上至黄昏逐步降低;晴天δp与叶片/空气水汽压亏缺(D)明显呈负相关,阴天的δp变化相对较小;δp随叶片水势(ψ)降低而降低,显示水分胁迫引起δp降低;叶片液汁的D和经气体交换法获得的细胞胞间(Pi)和外界(Pa)CO2分压之比呈正相关,测定结果与理论上碳同位素相关扩散和生化分馏相一致.分析结果显示,田间马占相思空气CO2经气孔扩散的稳定同位素效应口a=4.6‰,有关Pi的净固定的稳定碳同位素效应6=28.2‰.认为液汁碳同位素甄别率是外围空气CO2进入光合产物的净甄别率,由叶片液汁△估测的水分利用效率与气体交换法所得结果相一致(R2=0.86,P＜0.001).本文所采用的叶片液汁光合产物测定即时△以及计算水分利用效率的方法,可减少田间条件下环境因素明显变化对水分和碳同位素的影响,该方法有助于进一步开展由植株至冠层扩展的碳和水分平衡的生理生态研究.     

不同类型沙地狗尾草的生长特征及生物量分配

在科尔沁沙地封育5年的围栏内选取典型流动、半流动、半固定、固定和丘间低地5种不同样地,并以未封育的流动沙地作为对照,测定了狗尾草生长特征指标及地上、地下生物量.结果表明:随着环境条件的改善,狗尾草的分蘖株数逐渐减少,而围栏内狗尾草叶长、叶片长宽比和最大穗长增大;植株高度排列次序为丘间低地＞固定沙地＞半固定沙地＞半流动沙地＞流动沙地＞对照,而围栏内植株根长及其与株高比值的大小次序与株高正好相反;不同类型沙地狗尾草地上、地下生物量有所不同,但不同类型沙地狗尾草地上、地下生物量的分配比例在一定范围内变动,生物量主要分配在地上部分,地上生物量与总生物量的比值不小于80%,而地下生物量与总生物量的比值不超过20%.     

桔梗花药培养初报

本试验把花粉发育至单核靠边期的桔梗花药接在6种不同组合的培养基上诱导愈伤组织，并把诱导的愈伤组织转接到分化培养基,试图得出单倍体植株。结果表明：诱导率最高的培养基组合是N6 + 2,4-D 0.2mg·L^-1 + 6-BA1.0 mg·L-1，诱导率为89.6%；在N₆+6-BA1.0 mg·L^-1 + NAA0.5 mg·L^-1的分化培养基上最高分化率可达58.4%；经根尖压片检查染色体数目结果，分化的绿苗中弱小的植株是单倍体植株。     

线艺建兰的组织培养和快速繁殖(简报)

以线艺建兰茎尖、腋芽为外植体,接种在1/2MS 6-BA 3.0mg/L NAA 0.3mg/L培养基上形成原球茎,原球茎在1/2MS 6-BA 0.1mg/L NAA 1.0mg/L培养基上可大量增殖,并伸长生长形成丛生型根状茎;根状茎在MS 6-BA 2.0mg/L PP333 1.0mg/L NAA 0.5mg/L培养基上可分化成小苗,分化率达46.3%;小苗在MS IBA 1.0mg/L GA 0.5mg/L 香蕉泥100g/L的培养基上生根壮苗,生根率达100%.     

转昆虫抗冻蛋白基因增强甘薯抗冻能力

为明确昆虫抗冻蛋白基因转入甘薯(Ipomoea batatas)后是否能提升其抗冻能力,进而为培育甘薯抗冻育种材料奠定基础,将黄粉虫(Tenebrio molitor)抗冻蛋白基因TmAFP导入植物基因表达质粒,经农杆菌介导的遗传转化获得抗冻甘薯新材料。以甘薯品种Huachano为受体材料建立甘薯植株高效再生体系,并采用不同成分的体细胞胚成熟培养基培养胚性悬浮细胞。胚性愈伤组织对除草剂的敏感性测试结果表明,转基因阳性植株筛选的最适培养基为MS+0.2 mg·L–12,4-D+0.8 mg·L^–1 GAP+100 mg·L^–1 Carb。将表达质粒分别转化Huachano后共获得7个胚性愈伤团并最终获得42株再生抗性植株,其中转pSUIBEV3-AFP有23个株系,转pCAMBIA-AFP有19个株系,经PCR、Southern杂交和RT-PCR检测后证实TmAFP基因已整合至甘薯基因组中并获得表达。将转基因甘薯及对照植株在–1℃下处理15小时后转移至室温,结果表明,转基因甘薯植株的抗冻能力显著提升。     

电刺激迷走神经对大鼠脑缺血后轴突再生及RGMa表达的影响

本研究拟探讨电刺激迷走神经对大鼠脑缺血/再灌注(I/R)损伤后轴突再生和排斥性导向因子A(RGMa)蛋白表达的影响。首先,准备成年雄性SD (Sprague-Dawley)大鼠36只,并随机分成假手术组(Sham组)、脑缺血/再灌注组(I/R组)和迷走神经电刺激组(I/R+VNS组)。随后,构建大脑中动脉阻塞(MCAO)模型,并进行右侧颈部迷走神经电刺激,然后进行神经功能评分,通过Western blotting法检测迷走神经电刺激对脑缺血侧皮质和海马组织中RGMa表达的影响,利用免疫组织化学实验检测迷走神经电刺激对脑缺血侧皮质和海马组织细胞中RGMa和轴突生长标记神经微丝蛋白200 (NF200)蛋白表达的影响。与I/R组相比,迷走神经电刺激可以明显改善神经功能(p0.01);与Sham组相比,I/R组脑缺血侧皮质和海马中NF200蛋白表达明显降低(p0.01),而RGMa蛋白的表达明显增加(p0.01);与I/R组相比,迷走神经电刺激处理组脑缺血侧皮质和海马中NF200蛋白表达明显升高(p0.05),而RGMa蛋白的表达明显降低(p0.01)。上述结果表明电刺激迷走神经可以明显改善大鼠脑缺血/再灌注损伤后神经功能缺失,其机制可能与抑制RGMa表达进而促进轴突再生有关。     

棘豆属三种植物体外培养再生植株

PlantletRe郡nerattonfromThreespeciesof山涉oplsInv咖0LIUMing－Zhi（a仲伽响ofeq，Imlz’xlho，LnNz～xl730000）1植物名称棘豆属：黄花棘豆（Oxytropisochrocephala）、甘肃棘豆（O.kansuensis）和宽苞棘豆（O.latirateata）。2材料类别由种子萌发的无菌苗下胚轴以及子叶的切段和切块。3培养条件使用B5和MS及改良的MS培养基[MS大量元素的CaCl2·2H2O、MgSO4；·7H2O、KH2PO4不变，改变NO3和NH浓度及比例。因此，在培养基中除加入不同比例及不同量的KNO3和NH4NO3外，还添加适量的氯化钾和柠檬酸按。No：NH分别为0：6…     

Effects of peach branches returning on autotoxins and microbes in soil and tree growth of peaches

Aims This study aimed to investigate the effects of branch returning on the growth of peach (Amygdalus persica "Chunmei/Maotao") saplings, soil enzyme activity, and soil contents of phenolic acids and amygdalin, thereby providing scientific evidence against the application of branch returning for peach trees. Methods One-year-old potted peach tree (Amygdalus persica "Chunmei/Maotao") was used in this study with four agricultural treatments applied, including soil coverage by fragmented peach tree branches (fragment treatment;1.5 and 22.5 g·kg^-1) and applying leachate solutions of peach tree branches to soil (leachate treatment; 1.5 and 22.5 g·kg^-1). No branch addition was used as control (CK). Solid phase extraction, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), biological high-throughput sequencing was used to determine the content of autotoxic substances, and microbial community structure in soil. Soil coverage and leachate solution treatments of 30 g and 450 g branches applied to the peach trees were described as 1.5 and 22.5 g·kg^-1, respectively in this paper.Important findings Compared with CK, the phenolic acid and amygdalin contents significantly increased after both fragment and leachate treatments in high quantities (22.5 g·kg^-1). Soil microbial community structure altered in both treatments, with the proportion of fungi (particularly Agaricomycetes, Tubeufia and Cystofilobasidiaceae) increased significantly and bacteria decreased accordingly. Invertase activity in both high-quantity treatments exceeded that in the CK significantly. The activity of catalase and urease was higher at first and then decreased relative to CK under high-quantity fragment and leachate treatments. Specifically, the effect of leachate treatment on enzyme activity was higher than the fragment treatment in the short term. Chlorophyll content, ground diameter (diameter of 5 cm from the ground) growth and net photosynthesis rate of plants were lower in high-quantity fragment and leachate treatments than those in CK, with earlier retardation of new shoot growth. We observed an increase in soil phenolic acids and enzymes in treatments in normal pruning quantity, while no inhibition effect was found on the tree growth. In conclusion, autotoxins (such as phenolic acid and amygdalin) inhibited the growth of peach trees both directly and indirectly through changing soil enzyme activity and microbial community.     

大野芋的组织培养和植株再生

1植物名称 大野芋(Colocasia gigantea). 2材料类别 叶片、叶柄和嫩茎(带腋芽更好). 3培养条件 以MS为基本培养基.(1)丛生芽诱导培养基:MS NAA 0.1 mg·L-1(单位下同) 6-BA1.0;(2)壮苗培养基:MS NAA 0.1 6-BA 0.1;(3)生根培养基:MS NAA 1.0.上述培养基均加0.75％琼脂和3％葡萄糖，pH为6.0.培养温度(25 2)℃，光照度2 500～4000lx，光照时间12～14h·d-1，空气相对湿度80％左右.